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PATRIARCHS MILITANT 



DRILL REGULATIONS 

AND 

CEREMONIES 



ADOPTED BY 



The Sovereign Grand Lodge of the Independent 
Order of Odd Fellows 

SEPTEMBER, 189S 



Published by the Sovereign Grand Lodge 



Zfyt JSorb Q&aUimoxt (preee 

The Friedenwald Company 
Baltimore, Md. 



MS\ois 

1398 



29618 

At the Session of the Sovereign Grand Lodge held in 
Boston, Massachusetts, September 19-24, 1898, the Special 
Committee who were appointed at the previous Session, 
consisting of Wm. A. Witherup, of Pennsylvania; Jno. F. 
Bruton, of North Carolina; and G. W. Uline, of Dis- 
trict of Columbia, submitted the following Patriarchs 
Militant Drill Regulations, which was unanimously 
adopted: 

Entered according to«act of Congress in the year 189c , 
by the Sovereign Grand Lodge of the Independent Order 
of Odd Fellows, in the office of the Librarian of Congress 
at Washington. 

TWOCOPko h£CEIVED. 







PATRIARCHS MILITANT 

DRILL REGULATIONS 



GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS, 

i. Movements that may be executed toward either flank 
are explained as toward but one flank, it being necessary 
to substitute the word " left " for " right," or the reverse, 
to have the command and explanation of the correspond- 
ing movement toward the other flank. 

2. In movements where the guide may be either right 
or left, it is indicated in the command thus: Guide (right 
or left). 

3. Any movement may be executed either from the halt, 
or when marching, if not otherwise, prescribed. 

4. All movements not specially excepted may be exe- 
cuted in double time. If the movement be from the halt, 
or when marching in quick time, the command double 
time precedes the command march; if marching in double 
time the command double time is omitted. 

5. There are two kinds of commands: The preparatory 
command, such as forward, indicates the movement that 
is to be executed; the command of execution, such as 
march, halt or swords, causes the execution. Prepara- 
tory commands are distinguished by italics, those of exe- 
cution by small capitals. Where it is not mentioned in 
the text who gives the commands prescribed they are the 



4 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

commands of the instructor. The preparatory command 
should be given at such an interval of time before the 
command of execution as to admit of its being properly 
understood; the command of execution should be given 
at the instant the movement is to commence. Tne tone 
of command is animated, distinct, and of a loudness pro- 
portioned to the number of men under instruction. Each 
preparatory command is pronounced in an ascending tone 
of voice, but always in such a manner that the command 
of execution may be more energetic and elevated. The 
command of execution is pronounced in a firm and brief 
tone. When giving commands to troops it is usually best 
to face toward them. 

6. In the different schools, the posts of the officers and 
non-commissioned officers are specified, but as instructors 
they go wherever their presence is necessary. 

School of the Chevalier. 

7. The object of this school is the instruction of the 
individual chevalier and afterward that of the squad. 

8. Short and frequent drills are preferable to long ones, 
which exhaust the attention of both instructor and chev- 
alier. 

9. The instructor explains each movement in as few 
words as possible, at the same time executing it himself. 

He requires the chevaliers to take by themselves the 
proper positions and and does not touch them for the 
purpose of correcting them, except when they are unable 
to correct themselves; he avoids keeping them too long 
at the same movement, although each should be under- 
stood before passing to another. He exacts by degrees 
the desired precision and uniformity. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 5 

io. When the execution of a movement is improperly 
begun, and the instructor wishes to begin it anew for the 
purpose of correcting it, he commands: As you were, at 
which the movement ceases and the former position is re- 
sumed. 

Individual Instruction Without Arms. 

ii. For this instruction a few chevaliers, usually not ex- 
ceeding six, are placed in a single rank, facing to the 
front, and about six inches apart, arranged according to 
height, the tallest man on the right. 

12. To teach the chevaliers how to assemble, the instruc- 
tor requires them to close the left hand and place the 
knuckles against the waist, above the hip, wrist straight, 
back of the hand to the front; he then places them on the 
same line, so that the right arm of each chevalier rests 
lightly against the left elbow of the chevalier next on his 
right, and then directs the left hand to be replaced by the 
side. The chevaliers thus find themselves with an interval 
that allows for a free movement of the arms. 

13. When the chevaliers have learned how to take their 
places, they are required to assemble without assistance. 
The instructor commands: fall in. 

They assemble rapidly, as above prescribed, at attention, 
each chevalier dropping the left hand as soon as the chev- 
alier next on his left has his interval. 

Note. — The space occupied by one chevalier is taken at 
twenty-eight inches, which includes the interval between 
files. The depth of one chevalier is taken at twelve inches. 
Facing distance is therefore sixteen inches. 

Position of the Chevalier, or Attention. 

14. Heels on the same line, and as near each other as 
the conformation of the chevalier permits. 



O PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

Feet turned out equally and forming with each other an 
angle of about sixty degrees. 

Knees straight, without stiffness. 

Body erect on the hips, inclining a little forward; shoul- 
ders square and falling equally. 

Arms and hands hanging naturally, back of the hands 
outward; little fingers opposite the seams of the trousers; 
elbows near the body. 

Head erect and square to the front; chin slightly drawn 
in, without constraint; eyes straight to the front. 

The Rests. 

15. Being at a halt, to rest the chevaliers: fall out; or 

REST, Or AT EASE. 

At the command " fall out," the chevaliers may leave 
the ranks but will remain in the immediate vicinty. 

At the command " fall in," they resume their former 
places. 

At the command " rest," the chevaliers keep one heel 
in place, bu.t are not required to preserve silence or im- 
mobility. 

At the command " at ease," they keep one heel in place 
and preserve silence, but not immobility. 

16. To resume the attention: 1. Squad. 2. Attention. 
The chevaliers take the position of the chevalier and fix 

their attention. 

17. 1. Parade. 2. Rest. 

Carry the right foot six inches straight to the rear, left 
knee slightly bent; clasp the hands in front of the center 
of the body, left hand uppermost, left thumb clasped by 
thumb and forefinger of the right hand; preserve silence 
and steadiness of position. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. / 

To resume the position of the chevalier: i. Squad. 2. 
Attention. 

To Dismiss the Squad. 

18. Being in line at a halt: dismissed. 

Eyes Right or Left. 

19. i. Eyes. 2. Right (or Left). 3. Front. 

At the command " right," turn the head gently so as to 
bring the left eye in line with center of the body, eyes fixed 
on the line of eyes of the chevaliers in, or supposed to be 
in the same rank. 

At the command " front," turn the head and eyes to 
the front. 

The instructor sees that the movement does not derange 
the squareness of the shoulders. 

Facings. 

20. To the right or left: 1. Right (or Left). 2. Face. 
Raise slightly the right heel and left toe and face to the 

right, turning on the left heel, assisted by a slight pres- 
sure on the ball of the right foot; replace the right foot. 
The facings to the left are also executed upon the left 
heel. 

21. To the rear. 1. About. 2. Face. 

For Chevaliers. 
Raise slightly the left heel and right toe, face to the 
rear, turning to the right on the right heel and the ball of 
the left foot; replace the left foot beside the right. 

For Officers. 
At the command about, carry the toe of the right foot 
about eight inches to the rear, and three inches to the left 



<5 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

of the left heel, without changing the position of the left 
foot. 

At the command face, turn upon the left heel and right 
toe, face to the rear, and replace the right heel by the side 
of the left. 

Salute witli the Hand. 

22. i. Right (or Left) Hand. 2. Salute. 

Raise the right hand smartly till the forefinger touches 
the lower part of the head-dress above the right eye, thumb 
and fingers extended and joined, palm to the left, forearm 
inclined at about forty-five degrees, hand and wrist 
straight. (Two) Drop the arm quietly by the side. 

If uncovered, the forefinger touches the forehead above 
the eye. 

Chevaliers salute with the hand farthest from the officer, 
giving the salute six paces before passing the officer, and 
holding the hand at the visor until the salute is acknowl- 
edged or the officer passed. 

Courtesy among military men is indispensable to 
discipline; respect to superiors will not be con- 
fined TO OBEDIENCE ON DUTY, BUT WILL BE EXTENDED 
ON ALL OCCASIONS. 

23. The salute for officers is the same as in Par. 22; 
the left hand is used only when the right is engaged. Offi- 
cers and chevaliers, when saluting, look toward the person 
saluted. 

Setting* np Exercises. 

24. In order to retain a proper set-up and to keep the 
muscles supple, the chevaliers should be frequently prac- 
ticed in the following exercises: 

The arm, hand, trunk, leg and foot exercises should be 
alternated, the drill interrupted by frequent rests and va- 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 9 

ried by instruction in the facings, marchings, etc. While 
exercising one part of the body, care should be taken 
that the other parts remain quiet, as far as the conforma- 
tion of the body will allow. 

At the command halt, given at any time, the exercise 
ceases, and the position of the chevalier is resumed. 

The chevaliers being in single rank (Par. 13), the in- 
structor will place them three paces apart. 

First Exercise. 

1. Arm. 2. Exercise. 3. Head. 4. Up. 5. Down. 6. 
Raise. 

At the command exercise, raise the arms laterally until 
horizontal, palms upward. Head: Raise the arms in a 
circular direction over the head, tips of ringers touching 
top of cap over the forehead, backs of fingers in contact 
their full length, thumbs pointing to the rear, elbows 
pressed back. Up: Extend the arms upward their full 
length, palms touching. Down: Force them obliquely 
back, and gradually let them fall by the sides. Raise: 
Raise the arms laterally as prescribed for the second com- 
mand. Continue by repeating, head, up, down, raise. 

i 
Second Exercise. 

1. Arm. 2. Exercise. 3. Front. 4. Rear. 

At the command exercise, raise the arms laterally, as in 
first exercise. Front: Swing the arms, extended hori- 
zontally to the front, palms touching, heels on the ground. 
Rear: Swing the arms extended well to the rear, inclin- 
ing them slightly downward, raising the body upon the 
toes. Continue by repeating, front, rear, till the men, if 
possible, are able to touch the hands behind the back. 



IO PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

Third Exercise. 

I. Arm. 2. Exercise. 3. Circle. 

At the command exercise, raise the arms laterally, as in 
first exercise. Circle: Slowly describe a small circle, 
with each arm upward and backward, from front to rear, 
the arms not passing in front of the line of the breast. 
Continue by repeating circle. 

Fourth Exercise. 

1. Arm. 2. Exercise. 3. Shoulder. 4. Front. 5. 
Rear. 

At the command exercise, raise the arms laterally, as in 
first exercise. Shoulder: Place the tips of fingers lightly 
on top of the shoulders, keeping upper arm horizontal. 
Front: Force the elbows to the front. Rear: Force the 
elbows back as far as possible. Continue by repeating 
front, rear. 

Fifth Exercise. 

1. Hand. 2. Exercise. 3. Close. 4. Open. 

At the command exercise, raise the arms laterally, as in 
first exercise. Close: Close the hands with force. Open: 
Open the hands quickly, spreading the fingers and thumbs 
apart as much as possible. Continue by repeating close, 
open. 

Sixth Exercise. 

1. Forearms vertical. 2. Raise. 3. Up. 4. Down. 

At the command raise, raise the forearms until nearly 
vertical, fingers extended and joined, palms toward each 
other. Up: Thrust upward with force, extending the arms 
to their full length. Down: Force the arms obliquely 
back, and gradually let them fall by the sides. Continue 
by repeating raise up down. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. II 

Seventh Exercise. 

i. Forearms horizontal. 2. Raise. 3. Front. 4. Rear. 

At the command raise, raise the forearms to the front, 
until horizontal, elbows forced back, hands tightly closed, 
backs down. Front: Thrust the arms forcibly to the 
front, turning the backs of the hands up, arms horizontal. 
Rear: Bring the arms back quickly to the first position, 
forcing elbows and shoulders to the rear. Continue by re- 
peating front, rear. 

Eighth Exercise. 

1. Trunk. 2. Exercise. 3. Down. 4. Back. 

At the command exercise, raise the hands and place them 
on the hips, fingers to the rear, thumbs to the front, el- 
bows pressed back. Down: Bend the trunk forward at 
the hips as far as possible. Back: Raise and bend the 
trunk to the rear as far as possible. Execute both motions 
slowly, without bending the knees. Continue by repeat- 
ing down, back. 

Ninth Exercise. 

1. Trunk. 2. Exercise. 3. Right. 4. Left. 

At the command exercise, place the hands on the hips, 
as in eighth exercise. Right: Bend the trunk to the right, 
without twisting it or raising either heel. Left: Bend the 
trunk similarly to the left. Execute both motions slowly. 
Continue by repeating right, left. 

Tenth Exercise. 

1. Trunk. 2. Exercise. 3. Circle Right (or Left). 

At the command exercise, place the hands on the hips, 
as in eighth exercise. Circle Right: Bend the trunk to 
the right as in ninth exercise; turn the trunk to the rear 



12 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

and bend to the rear, as in eight exercise; turn the trunk 
to the left and bend to the left, as in ninth exercise; turn 
the trunk to the front and bend forward, as in eighth ex- 
ercise. Continue by repeating circle right. 

Eleventh Exercise. 

I. Arms vertical, palms to the front. 2. Raise. 3. Down. 
4. Up. 

At the command raise, raise the arms from the sides, 
extended to their full length, till the hands meet above 
the head, palms to the front, fingers pointed upward, 
thumbs locked, right thumb in front, shoulders pressed 
back. Down: Bend over till the hands, if possible, touch 
the ground, keeping arms and knees straight. Up: 
Straighten the body and swing the arms, extended to the 
vertical position. Continue by repeating down, up. 

Twelfth Exercise 

1. Arms forward, palms down. 2. Raise. 3. Down. 4. 
Up. 

At the command raise, raise the arms to the front, ex- 
tended to their full length, till the hands are in front of 
and at the height of- the shoulders, palms down, fingers 
extended and joined, thumbs under forefingers. Down: 
Bend the trunk forward at the hips as far as possible, and 
swing the arms backward, knees and arms straight. Up: 
Straighten the trunk and swing the arms to the forward 
position. Continue by repeating down, up. 

Thirteenth Exercise. 
1. Leg. 2. Exercise. 3. Half bend. 4. Down. 5. Up. 
At the command exercise, place the hands on the hips as 
in eighth exercise. Down: Lower the body, separating 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 13 

the knees and bending them as much as possible, heels on 
the ground, head and trunk erect. Up: Raise the body, 
straightening and closing the knees. Continue by repeat- 
ing down, up. 

Fourteenth Exercise. 

i. Leg. 2. Exercise. 3. Full bend. 4. Down. 5. Up. 

At the command exercise, place the hands on the hips 
as in eight exercise. Down: Lower the body, separating 
the knees and bending them as much as possible, head 
and trunk erect, heels raised, weight of body resting on 
the balls of the feet. Up: Raise the body, straightening 
and closing the knees and lower the heels to the ground. 
Continue by repeating down, up. 

Fifteenth Exercise. 

1. Leg. 2. Exercise. 3. Left (or right). 4. Forward. 
5. Rear, or 5. Ground. 

At the command exercise, place the hands on the hips 
as in the eighth exercise. Forward: Move the left leg 
to the front, knee straight, so as to advance the foot about 
fifteen inches, toe turned out, sole nearly horizontal, body 
balanced on right foot. Rear: Move the leg to the rear, 
knee straight, toe on a line with the right heel, sole nearly 
horizontal. Continue by repeating forward, rear. 

When the recruit has learned to balance himself, the 
command forward is followed by ground. Throw the 
weight of the body forward by rising on the ball of the 
right foot, advance and plant the left, left heel thirty inches 
from the right, and advance the right leg quickly to the 
position of forward. Continue by repeating ground when 
the right and left legs are alternately in the position of 
forward. 



14 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

Sixteenth Exercise: 

i. Leg. 2. Exercise. 3. Up. 

At the command exercise, place the hands on the hips 
as in eighth exercise. Up: Raise the left leg to the front, 
bending and elevating the knee as much as possible, leg 
from knee to instep vertical, toe depressed. Up: Replace 
the left foot and raise the right leg as prescribed for the 
left. 

Execute slowly at first, then gradually increase to the 
cadence of double time. Continue by repeating up when 
the right and left legs are alternately in position. 

Seventeenth Exercise. 

1. Foot. 2. Exercise. 3. Up. 4. Down. 

At the command exercise, place the hands on the hips as 
in eighth exercise. Up: Raise the body upon the toes, 
knees straight, heels together. Down: Lower the heels 
slowly to the ground. Continue by repeating up, dozvn. 

As soon as the exercises are well understood, they may 
be executed without repeating the commands. For this 
purpose the instructor gives the commands as prescribed, 
then adds: Continue the exercise, upon which the motions 
to be repeated are continuously executed until the com- 
mand halt. 

The Steps. 

25. The length of the full step in quick time is thirty 
inches measured from heel to heel, and the cadence is at 
the rate of one hundred and twenty steps per minute. 

26. The chevaliers being confirmed in the position of the 
chevalier, the instructor places himself eight or ten paces 
in front of them, and facing toward them executes the 
step slowly, at the same time explaining the principles; he 
then commands: 1. Forward. 2. March. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 15 

At the command " forward," throw the weight of the 
body upon the right leg without bending the left knee. 

At the command " march," move the left leg smartly, 
but without jerk, carry the foot straight forward thirty 
inches from the right, measuring from heel to heel, sole 
near the ground, knee straight and slightly turned out; at 
the same time throw the weight of the body forward, and 
plant the foot without shock, weight of body resting upon 
it; next in like manner advance the right foot, and plant 
it as above; continue the march, keeping the face to the 
front The instructor indicates from time to time the ca- 
dence of the step by calling "one, two, three, four"; or 
" left, right," the instant the left and right foot, respec- 
tively, should be planted. 

The cadence is at first given slowly, and gradually in- 
creased to that of quick time. 

27. To arrest the march: 1. Squad. 2. Halt. 

At the command " halt," given as either foot is coming 
to the ground, the foot in rear is brought up and planted 
without shock by the side of the other. 

Double Tiine. 

28. The length of the full step in double time is thirty- 
six inches; the cadence is at the rate of one hundred and 
eighty steps per minute. 

29. To march in double time: 1. Forward. 2. Double 
time. 3. March. 

At the command " forward," throw the weight of the 
body upon the right leg; at the command " double time," 
raise the hands until the forearms are horizontal, fingers 
closed, nails towards the body, elbows to the rear. 

At the command " march," carry forward the left foot, 
leg slightly bent, knee somewhat raised, and plant the foot 



l6 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

thirty-six inches from the right; then execute the same 
motion with the right foot; continue this alternate move- 
ment of the feet, throwing the weight of the body forward 
and allowing a natural swinging motion to the arms. The 
chevaliers are also exercised in running, the principles be- 
ing the same as for double time. 

When marching in double time, and in running, the 
chevaliers breathe as much as possible through the nose, 
keeping the mouth closed. 

To Marl* Time. 

30. Being in march: 1. Mark time. 2. March. 

At the command " march," given as either foot is com- 
ing to the ground, continue the cadence and make a sem- 
blance of marching, without gaining ground, by alternately 
advancing each foot about half its length, and bring it 
back on a line with the other. 

To resume the full step: 1. Forward. 2. March. 

Short Step. 

31. Being in march: 1. Short step. 2. March. 

Take steps of fifteen inches. The full step is resumed 
at the commands: 1. Forward. 2. March. 

The length of the short step in double time is eighteen 

inches. 

Side Step. 

32. Being at a halt. I. Right (or Left) step. 2. March. 
Carry the right foot twelve inches to the right, keeping 

knees straight and shoulders square to the front; as soon 
as the right foot is planted, bring the left foot to the side 
of it, and continue the movement, observing cadence for 
each foot, as explained for quick time. 

The side step is not executed in double time. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. \J 

Back Step. 

$$. Being at a halt: I. Backward. 2. March. 

Step back with the left foot fifteen inches straight to the 
rear, measuring from heel to heel, then with the right and 
so on, the feet alternating. 

At the command " halt," bring back the foot in front to 
the side of the one in the rear. The back step is used for 
short distances only and is not executed in double time. 

34. The short step, side step and back step may be exe- 
cuted from mark time and conversely. 

Change Step. 

35. Being in march: 1. Change step. 2. March. 

At the command march, given as the right foot comes 
to the ground, the left foot is advanced and planted; the 
toe of the right is then advanced near the heel of the left, 
the chevalier again stepping off with the left. 

The change on the right foot is similarly executed, the 
command " march " being given as the left foot strikes the 
ground. 

Manual of the Sword. 

36. The cadence of the motions is that of quick time: 
the chevaliers will at first be required to give their whole 
attention to the details of the motions, the cadence being 
gradually acquired as they become accustomed to hand- 
ling their swords. 

The instructor will, at first, cause the chevaliers to exe- 
cute the movements by themselves, without command, 
Until they understand the details; after this he will require 
them to execute the movements together at command. 

Being at a halt, the movements are, for the purpose of 
2 



i8 



PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 



instruction, divided into motions and executed in detail; 
in this case, the command of execution determines the 
prompt execution of the first motion, and the commands, 
two, three, etc., that of the other motions. 

To execute movements in detail, the instructor first cau- 
tions: "By the numbers," all movements divided into 
motions are then executed as above explained until he 
cautions: "Without the numbers," or commands move- 
ments other than those in the manual of the sword. 






Draw. Far. 37. 



Carry. Par. 38. 



Keturn. Par. 39. 



37. i. Draw. 2. Swords. 

At the command " draw," grasp the scabbard with the 
left hand at the upper band, bring the hilt a little forward, 
seize the grip with the right hand, and draw the blade six 
inches out of the scabbard, pressing the scabbard against 
the thigh with the left hand. 

At the command " swords," draw the sword quickly, 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. IQ 

raising the arm to its full extent, at an angle of about 
forty-five degrees, the sword, edge down, in a straight 
line with the arm, and make a slight pause; drop the left 
hand by the side; at the same time drop the right hand to 
the side and bring the back of the blade in a vertical posi- 
tion against the shoulder, back of the grip to the rear, the 
arm extended without constraint, the thumb and forefinger 
embracing the grip, the left side of the grip with the 
thumb against the thigh, the other fingers extended and 
joined in the rear of the grip. This is the position of 
" carry sword." 

Officers mounted unhook the sword before mounting, 
and in the first motion of " draw r swords," reach with the 
right hand over the bridle hand, and without the aid of 
the bridle hand draw the sword as before; the right hand at 
the " carry " rests on the right thigh. 

38. 1. Return. 2. Swords. 

At the command return, carry the right hand opposite to 
and six inches from the left shoulder, sword vertical, edge 
to the left; at the same time grasp the scabbard with the 
left hand at the upper band. 

Section motion. Lower the blade and pass it across and 
along the left arm, point to the rear; turn the head slightly 
to the left, fixing the eyes on the opening of the scabbard, 
and insert the blade to the position of the first motion of 
draw swords, assisted by the thumb and forefinger of the 
left hand. At the command swords, return the blade, turn 
the head to the front and drop the hands to the sides. 
(The second motion should occupy the time of three 
motions.) 

Officers mounted return sword without using the left 
hand; the sword is hooked up on dismounting. 



20 



PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 



39. When publishing orders, the sword is held suspended 
from the right wrist by the sword knot; when the sword 
knot is used, it is placed on the wrist before drawing 
sword, and taken off after returning sword. 

40. 1. Present. 2. Swords. 




Fig 



Fig. B. 



Fig. C. 



Fig. D. 



At the command " swords," carry the sword to the front, 
base of the hilt as high as the chin and six inches in front 
of the neck, edge to the left, point six inches further to 
the front than the hilt, thumb extended on the left of the 
grip, all the fingers grasping the grip. (Fig. A.) 

41. 1. Carry. 2. Swords. 

Resume the carry. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 



21 



42. In rendering honors with troops, officers execute the 
first motion of the salute at the command " present." 
(Fig. A.) 

At the command " swords " lower the sword, point to 
the front and near the ground, edge to the left, hand by 
the side, thumb on left cf grip, arm extended. (Figs. B. 
and C.) 

The sword is returned to the carry at the command: 1. 
Carry. 2. Swords. 

43. 1. Order. 2. Swords. 
Drop the point of the sword to the front, 

point on or near the ground, edge down, 
thumb on back of the grip. (Fig. D.) 

At the command: 1. Carry. 2. Swords, 
resume the carry. 

44. 1. Parade. 2. Rest. 
Being at the order, clasp the hands in front 

of the center of the body, left hand uppermost, 
point of sword on or near the ground in front 
of the center of the body, edge to the right. 

At the command " attention " resume the 
order. 

45. In marching in double time the sword 
is carried diagonally across the breast, edge to the front; 
the left hand steadies the scabbard. 

46. Officers on all duties under arms draw and return 
swords without waiting for any command. All com- 
mands to chevaliers under arms are given with the sword 
drawn. 

47. At inspection, chevaliers successively, as the Inspec- 
tor approaches, execute the first motion of " present 
sword," and turn the wrist to show both sides of the 
blade, resuming the carry when the Inspector has passed. 




Parade Rest. 



22 



PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 




Support. 



48. i. Support. 2. Swords. 
First motion. Seize the blade at the right 

shoulder with the thumb and ringers of the left 
hand. Second motion. Carry the sword with 
both hands vertically in front of the body, to the 
left side, the sword slipping through the left hand, 
edge of the blade to the front; the guard on a 
level with the hollow of the left elbow; right 
hand holding the grip; left elbow down; thumb 
and fingers of the left hand holding the blade 
vertical, pressed against the hollow of the left 
shoulder. Third motion. Carry the left hand 
to the right elbow, the left forearm resting over 
the right forearm, thumb over and supported by 
the right arm, the cross (guard) resting on the 
left arm near the elbow. 

49. 1. Carry. 2. Swords. 

First motion. Seize the blade, without deranging its 
position, with the thumb and forefinger of the left hand, 
left elbow close to the body, as a pivot. 

Second motion. Carry the sword vertically 
with both hands to its place at carry ; extend 
the fingers and press the sword gently against 
the hollow of the shoulder, hand at the height 
of the shoulder, its back to the front, elbow 
near the body. 

Third motion, 
side. 

50. 1. Szvords. 
First motion. 



Drop the left hand to the 



2. Port. 

Seize the blade at the shoul- 
der with the left hand. Second motion. Bring 
the sword diagonally across the front of the 




Swords Port. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 



23 



body, flat of the blade to tfre front and resting in the left 
hand at the height of the breast, thumb extended in rear 
along the blade toward the point, the right hand grasping the 
hilt and nearly in front of the right hip, edge of the sword 
down 

51. 1. Carry. 2. Swords. 

First motion. Bring back the sword with both hands, 
the left hand as high as the right armpit, pressing the 
blade to its place, fingers extended, elbow near the body, 
back of hand to the front. 

Second motion. Drop the left hand to the side. 

52. 1. With szvords. 2. Charge. 
Bring the left toe to the front, carry 
the right foot to the rear, the hollow 
opposite to and three inches from the 
left heel, the feet at right angles; bend 
the left knee a little, inclining the body 
forward, the weight princi- 
pally on the left foot, at the 
same time drop the point of 
the sword forward to the 
height of the belt, the right 
hand firmly grasping the 
handle, thumb against the 
charge. hip. (This can also be 

executed in march, the shoulders being kept 
square to the front.) 

53. 1. Carry. 2. Swords. 
Face to the front, resuming the po- 
sition of " carry swords.'' 

54. 1. Right shoulder. 2. Swords. 
Bring the flat of the sword upon the right 

shoulder, guard as high as the armpit, thumb Right shoulder. 





PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 



nearly touching the side of the right breast, point of the 
sword up to the left and rear so as to clear the chapeau ; 
edge towards the neck. 

55. 1. Carry. 2. Swords, resume that position. 

56. 1. Support. 2. Swords. 

The sword being at a right shoulder. First motion. 
Lower the sword to a carry. 

Second motion. Seize the blade at the shoulder with 
the thumb and fingers of the left hand. 

Third motion. Carry the sword to the left side, as 
described in " support from carry." 

Fourth motion. Drop the left hand to its position. (See 
Par. 48.) 

57. 1. Carry. 2. Swords. 
See explanation. Par. 49 after 

58. 1. Rear rest. 2. Swords. 
First motion. Execute the 

shoulder swords " as explained. 

Second motion. Drop the sword point 
to the' left and rear and let the blade rest 
across the shoulders, in rear of the neck; 
at the same time raise the left hand, palm 
to the front, and grasp the blade near the 
shoulder with the fingers and thumb, hold- 
ing the grip in like manner, with the 
fingers and thumb of the right hand, el- 
bows close to the body, thumb as in cut. 
Do not derange the position of the head 
and shoulders in executing this movement. Rear Rest. 

59. 1. Carry. 2. Swords. 

First motion. Drop the left hand to the side and come 
to the position of " right shoulder swords." Second mo- 
tion. Resume the carry. 



support swords.' 
right ^ 




REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 



25 




Reverse. 1st motion, reverse. 



60. i. Reverse. 2. Swords. 
First motion. Raise and carry 

the sword vertically to the front, 
the elbow advanced and forming 
an obtuse angle. 

Second motion. Bring the point 
down to the front and pass it to 
the rear, turning the sword by a 
wrist movement completely 
around, so that the edge will be 
down and the blade inclined to 
the rear forty-five degrees down- 
ward; at the same time carry the 
left forearm horizontally behind 
the back, the left hand, palm out, 
clasping the blade; support the 

sword with the elbow against the right side, assisted by the 
left hand in rear, holding the grip with the thumb and 
fore-finger of the right hand, and the other 
fingers successively more curved, the guard 
(cross) nearly against the shoulder. 

61. 1. Carry. 2. Swords. 
First motion. Retake the first position 

of " reverse " by inverse means. 

Second motion. Resume the carry. 

62. 1. Sword arm. 2. Rest. 
Bring the right hand in front of the 

body, arm extended, blade resting along 
the right forearm and diagonally across the 
body; embrace the back of the right hand 
with the palm of the left. Resume- the 
carry at the command. Sword-arm Rest. 




26 



PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 



63. i. From right open files. 2. March. 

At the first command, all, except the chevalier on the right, 
who stands at a carry, turn the head and drop the sword 
point to the right, hand at right breast, sword horizontal. 
At the command " march," they take the left step, all 
stepping together, until each in succession has gained such 
interval that his sword point will touch the left arm of the 
chevalier on his right, observing that the alignment is pre- 
served; as each gains his interval, he turns the head to the 
front and resumes the carry. 




From richt open files. 




Left open files, 



64. i. From left open Hies. 2. March. 

Is similarly executed, except that the hand is at the left 
breast, guard in front of the left arm, the sword horizontal 
to the left in prolongation of the right forearm. 

65. 1. (Right or left). 2. Face. 3. Close intervals. 4. 
March. 

At the second command, the chevaliers, except the one 
on the right, face to the right; at the fourth command 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 



27 



they close up in quick time and successively face to the 
left, dress to the right, and immediately turn the head to 
the front. 




Cross Swords. 



66. i. Cross. 2. Swords. 

The lines being fully two yards apart and facing each 
other; files covering. 

First motion. Bring the swords to a " present." Sec- 
ond motion. Plant the right foot sixteen inches straight 
to the front, right knee slightly bent, at same time raising 
right hand, arm extended, wrist as high as the head, sword 
in prolongation of the arm, thumb extended along the left 
of the grip, back of sword up; cross the swords six inches 
from their points with the chevaliers opposite, at the same 
instant that the foot is planted, without shock. 

67. 1. Carry. 2. Swords. 

First motion. Bring back the foot to its former place 
and the sword to a " present." Second motion. Resume 
the "carry." 



28 



PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 



68. i. Chevaliers. 2. Kneel. 
Being at parade rest. 

First motion. Carry the right foot 
about twenty-eight inches to the rear. 

Second motion. Kneel on the right 
knee so that its front, and rear of the 
left heel will be on a line parallel with the 
front; head erect. 

69. 1. Rest on. 2. Swords. 
Incline the head to the front. 

70. 1. Chevaliers. 2. Rise. 

At the first command, raise the head, 
command rise. Second motion. Bring 
near to the left, resuming the position of ' 




Kneeling, rest on. 

At the second 
the right foot 
parade rest." 



For the Chapeau or Cap. 

71. i. Chevaliers. 2. Un-cover.* 

First motion. Take the chapeau (or cap) 
by the front peak with the left hand. Second 
motion. Raise the chapeau and place it on the 
right shoulder, slightly inclined to the front, 
holding it in that position with the left hand. 

1. Chevaliers. 2. Re-cover.* 

First motion. Replace the chapeau (or cap) 
on the head. 

Second motion. Drop the hand to the side. 

Never execute the uncover unless c the swords 
are sheathed, or at an order. 

To uncover and present at the same time is un- 
military and azvkzvard. 




Uncover. 



* Dwell slightly on the first syllable. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 2Q 

The Color— Manual of the Color. 

72. At a carry, the heel of the pike rests in the socket of 
the sling at the right hip; the right hand grasps the pike 
at the height of the shoulder. 

At the " order," the heel of the pike rests on the ground, 
near the right toe, the right hand holding the pike in a 
vertical position. 

At " parade rest," the heel of the pike is on the ground, 
as at the order; the pike is held with both hands in front 
of the center of the body, left hand uppermost. 

The " order " is resumed at the command " attention." 

The left hand assists the right when necessary. 

The carry is the habitual position, except when the 
troops are at an order. 

The carry, parade rest, and order are executed with the 
troops. 

" The color salute." Being at a carry, slip the right- 
hand up the pike to the height of the eye, then lower the 
pike by straightening the arm to the front. 

The color salutes in the ceremony " escort of the color," 
and when saluting an officer entitled to the honor, as pre- 
scribed, but in no other case. 

If marching, the salute is executed when at six paces 
from the officer entitled to the salute; the carry is resumed 
when six paces beyond him. 

At a halt, the salute is executed at the command " pre- 
sent swords " the carry is resumed at the command 
" carry swords." 

Alignments. 

73. The alignments are first taught by requiring the 
chevaliers to align themselves, man by man, upon two 
files established as a base. 



30 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

I. Two files from the right (or left) three paces to the front. 
2. March. 3. Next. 4. Front. 

At the command march, the first two files on the right 
march three paces to the front, halt, execute " eyes right " 
and place the left hand above the hip (Paragraph 12); the 
instructor aligns them, and then causes the remaining files 
to move up successively on this alignment, each by the 
command " next." 

At the command " next," the next file marches three 
paces to the front, each chevalier shortening the last step 
so as to find himself about six "inches in rear of the new 
alignment, which must never be passed; he then executes 
eyes right, places the left hand above the hip, and taking 
steps of two or three inches, moves up, placing his arm 
lightly against the elbow of the chevalier on his right, so 
that his eyes and shoulders shall be in line with those of 
the chevaliers on his right. 

The instructor sees that each chevalier observes the 
principles of the alignment, and when the last file has 
arrived on the line, verifies the alignment from the right 
flank and orders up or back such chevaliers as may be in 
rear or in advance of the line; only the chevaliers desig- 
nated move. 

At the command " front," given when the rank is 
aligned, the chevaliers cast their eyes to the front and 
drop the left hand; all movements in the rank must then 
cease. 

In dressing to the left, each chevalier places himself so 
that his left elbow touches lightly the arm of the chevalier 
on his left. 

74. In the first drills, the basis of the alignment is es- 
tablished parallel to the front of the squad, and afterward 
in oblique directions. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 31 

In order to habituate the chevalier to his interval in line, 
the left hand is placed above the hip in all alignments in 
the School of the Chevalier. 

75. The chevaliers having learned to align themselves, 
man by man, the instructor establishes the base files, and 
aligns the squad by the commands: I. Right (or left). 
2. Dress. 3. Front. 

At the command dress, all the chevaliers except the base 
files move forward and dress up to the line, as previously 
explained. 

The instructor verifies the alignment and gives the com- 
mand: Front. All the chevaliers then turn the head and 
eyes to the front and drop the left hand. 

76. Alignments to the rear are executed on the same 
principles: 1. Right (or left) backward. 2. Dress. 3. 
Front. 

The chevaliers step back, halt a little in rear of the line 
of the base files, and immediately dress up by steps of 
two or three inches. 

77. To execute the alignments, using the side step, the 
instructor establishes the base files a few paces to the right 
or left of the squad and commands: 1. Right (or left) step. 
2. Right (or left). 3. Dress. 4. Front. 

At the command dress, the chevaliers execute the side 
step,, close toward the base files, and dress as already ex- 
plained. 

78. When the squad dresses quickly and well, the guide 
alone is first established. 

In dressing, the first two or three files are accurately 
aligned as quickly as possible, to afford a base for the 
rest of the squad. 



$2 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

MARCHINGS. 

To 3Iareli in Line. 

79. Being in line at a halt: 1. Forward. 2. Guide (right 
or left). 3. March. 

The chevaliers step off, the guide marching straight to 
the front. 

The instructor sees that the chevaliers preserve the in- 
terval toward the side of the guide; that they yield to 
pressure from that side and resist pressure from the oppo- 
site direction; that by slightly shortening or lengthening 
the step, they gradually recover the alignment, and by 
slightly opening out or closing in, they gradually recover 
the interval, if lost; that while habitually keeping the head 
to the front, they may occasionally glance toward the side 
of the guide to assure themselves of the alignment and 
interval, but that the head is turned as little as possible for 
this purpose. 

80. To change the guide: Guide (left or right). 

If the chevaliers lose step, the instructor commands: 

STEP. 

The chevaliers glance towards the side of the guide, 
retake the step and cast their eyes to the front. 

To Marcli Backward. 

81. Being at a halt: 1. Baekzcard. 2. Guide {right or 
left). 3. March. 

To March to tlie Rear. 

82. Being in march: 1. To the rear. 2. March. 3. 
Guide (right or left). 

i\t the command " march," given as the right foot 
strikes the ground, advance and plant the left foot: then 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 33 

turn on the balls of both feet, face to the right about and 
immediately step off with the left foot. 

To March by the Flank, in Column of Files. 

83. Being in line at a halt: 1. Right (or left). 2. Face. 
3. Forward. 4. March. 

If marching: 1. By the right (or left) Hank. 2. March. 

At the command " march," given as the right foot 
strikes the ground, advance and plant the left foot, then 
face to the right in marching and step of! in the new 
direction with the right foot. 

To halt the column of files: 1. Squad. 2. Halt; and to 
face it to the front: 3. Left (or right). 4. Face. 

Marching; in Column of Files, to March in Line. 

84. By the left (or right) flank. 2. March. 3. Guide 
{right or left). 

To Change Direction in Column of Files. 

85. Being in march: 1. Column right (or left)', or 1. Col- 
umn half right (or half left). 2. March. 

The leading chevalier wheels to the right; the other 
chevaliers follow the first and wheel on the same ground. 

If at halt: 1. Forward. 2. Column right (or left). 3. 
March; or 2. Column half right (or half left). 3. March. 

The Obliqne* March. 

86. The squad being correctly aligned, the instructor will 
face the squad half right or half left, point out to the 
chevaliers their relative positions and explain that these 
are to be maintained in the oblique march. 

* Pronounced Qh-like. 



34 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

87. Being in line at a halt, or marching: 1. Right (or 
left) oblique. 2. March. 

Each chevalier half faces to the right, at the same time 
stepping off in the new direction. He preserves his rela- 
tive position keeping his shoulders parallel to those of the 
chevalier next on his right, and so regulates his step as 
to make the head of this chevalier conceal the heads of the 
other chevaliers in the rank; the ranks remain parallel to 
their original front. 

At the command " halt," the chevaliers halt faced to the 
front. 

To resume the original direction: 1. Forward. 2. March. 

The chevaliers half face to the left in marching and then 
move straight to the front. 

If marking time while obliquing, the oblique march is 
resumed by the command: 1. Oblique. 2. March. 

88. In the oblique march, the guide is always without 
indication, on the side toward which the oblique is made. 
On resuming the direct march the guide is without in- 
dication on the side it was previous to the oblique. 

If the oblique be executed from a halt, the guide is an- 
nounced on taking the direct march in line. 
These rules are general. 

89. The column of files obliques by the same commands 
and means. 

To March in Double Time. 

90. Being in line at a halt: 1. Forward. 2. Guide (right 
or left). 3. Double time. 4. March. 

To Pass from Quick to Doable Time and the Reverse. 

91. i. Double time. 2. March. 

At the command " march," given as the left foot strikes 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 35 

the ground, advance the right foot in quick time, and step 
off with the left foot in double time. 

To resume quick time: i. Quick time. 2. March. 

At the command march, given as either foot is coming 
to the ground, the squad resumes quick time. 

TURNINGS. 



To Turn and Halt. 

92. Marching in line: 1. Squad right (or left). 2. 
March. 3. Front. 

At the command " march," the right file halts and faces 
to the right; the other files half face to the right in march- 
ing, and without changing the length or cadence of the 
step place themselves successively upon the alignment es- 
tablished by the right file; all dress to the right without 
command. The instructor verifies the alignment from the 
pivot flank and commands: Front. 

If at a halt, the movement is executed in the same man- 
ner. 

" Squad half right (or half left)" is executed in the 
same manner, except that the pivot makes a half face to 
the right. 

To Tnrn and Advance. 

93. Marching in line: 1. Right (or left) turn. 2. March. 
3. Forward. 4. March. 5. Guide (right or left). 

At the second command, the chevalier on the right, 
who is the guide, marches by the right flank, taking the 
short step without changing the cadence; the other cheva- 
liers half face to the right in marching, and moving by 
the shortest line successively place themselves on the new 
line, when they take the short step. 



36 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

When the last chevalier has arrived on the new line, the 
fourth command is given, when all resume the full step. 

During the turn the guide is without command on the 
pivot flank. The guide is announced on resuming the full 
step. 

If at a halt, the movement is similarly executed, and in 
quick time, unless the command double time be given. 

Right or left half turn is executed in the same manner, 
except that the guide makes a half face to the right. 

Should the command "halt" be given during the exe- 
cution of the movement, those chevaliers on the new line 
halt; the others halt on arriving on the line; all dress to 
the right without command. 

The instructor verifies the alignment from the pivot 
flank and commands: front. 

School of the Canton. 

94. As the organization of Patriarchs Militant is in- 
tended for the purpose of display, and as neither file 
closers nor the double rank formation add anything in 
that respect, both are omitted in this work. The unit of 
threes instead of fours also enables small bodies of cheva- 
liers to make a better appearance. 

95. As counting off by " sixes " not only designates the 
" threes " but at the same time the odd and even chevaliers 
and the odd and even sets of " threes," it is here used in- 
stead of first counting by threes and then by twos, which 
has a tendency to confuse new chevaliers. 

The canton is divided into two platoons, each platoon 
into two sections. 

96. If the canton consists of an odd number of threes, 
the left platoon will be the stronger; if less than four sets 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 37 

of threes are present, the division into platoons is omitted; 
if a platoon consists of an odd number of threes, the left 
section will be the stronger; if a platoon consists of less 
than four sets of threes, the division into sections is 
omitted. 

The platoons and sections are numbered from right to 
left, when in line, and from head to rear when in column; 
these designations change when, by facing about, the right 
becomes the left of the line, or the head becomes the rear 
of the column. 

97. The Past Officers, above the rank of Lieutenant, 
wearing official uniforms, may, at the discretion of the 
Commandant, form on the right according to height. 

98. The Commandant, designated in the text as Captain, 
in column is on the left of the Lieutenant, or three paces 
to the left and abreast, of the leading subdivision; if the 
Canton be in line, his post is two paces in front of the 
center, or on the right flank on the right of the Lieu- 
tenant. 

99. The Lieutenant in line is on the right flank; in col- 
umn of platoons, as chief of the first platoon, he marches 
two paces in front of its center. He is also the right or 
left guide, according as in the maneuvers he finds himself 
on the right or left of the Canton. 

100. The Ensign, in line, is in like manner on the left 
flank as left guide. He is chief of the rear platoon when 
the right is in front, and of the leading platoon when the 
left is on front. 

101. A detail of three qualified men forms the Standard 
Guard, with the Standard Bearer in the center. On the 
right the Chief (abbreviated Ch. St. Gd.), who commands 
the Guard; on the left the Junior Chief (Jr. St. Gd.). The 
Standard Guard's place is in the center of the line. The 



38 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

officers assist in maintaining order in ranks, and caution 
the Chevaliers in a low tone, if necessary. 

To Form the Canton. 

102. In all formations under arms the Chevaliers fall in 
with swords in the scabbards. 



Whenever a Canton falls in without arms, the chevaliers 
form as when under arms. 

At the sounding of the assembly, the Lieutenant takes 
his position in front of where the center of the Canton 
is to be, and facing it, commands: fall in. 

The chevaliers form as prescribed in Par. 12, graduated 
in height from right to left, tallest on the right. 

The Lieutenant now commands. 

1. Count. 2. Sixes. 

The chevalier on the right counts one, the next two, the 
next three, and so on to the left, without turning the 
head, but counting in a firm quick tone. Observing the 
cadence adds much to the appearance and effect. The odd 
threes are the right and the even threes the left of sections. 

(The Lieutenant in his own person may act as num- 
ber one in leading three of small cantons, and the Ensign 
may march with the left three if . the number is want- 
ing.) 

103. He then indicates the right and left of platoons, 
leaving the odd three in the left platoon, and commands: 

1. Second Platoon. 2. Left step. 3. March. 4. Platoon. 
5. Halt. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 39 

The fifth command is given when the platoon has 
gained an interval of ninety inches. 

104. In the meantime, the Standard Guard (with the 
standard) forms three paces from the left, perpendicular 
to the line, and in inverse order; that is, the Ch. St. Gd. 
is on the left and the Jr. St. Gd. on the right of the Stand- 
ard Bearer. 

The Lieutenant now commands: 

1. Draw. 2. Swords. 3. " Standard Guard." 4. Post. 

5. Present. 6. Swords. 

The line presents; the guard marches under direction of 
the Ch. St. Gd., standard saluting, between the Canton and 
Lieutenant, opposite to its place, wheels to the right, 
marches through the opening between the platoons and 
halts, comes to an about face, and the Lieutenant imme- 
diately commands: 

1. Carry. 2. Swords. 3. Right. 4. Dress. 5. Front. 

6. Present. 7. Swords. 

The Captain having taken position three paces in rear 
of the Lieutenant, and facing the Canton, stands with 
arms folded until just before the command to present. 

The Lieutenant comes to an about face, salutes with the 
sword, and says: 

Sir, the Canton is formed. 

The salute is acknowledged with the hand; and the Cap- 
tain orders: 

Take your post, sir: 

The Lieutenant faces about, marches to within one pace 
of the line, turns to the left, and, when opposite his place, 
turns to the right and halts in rear of it, faces about and 
dresses on the line. 

Before counting sixes (if so instructed) the Lieutenant 
brings the Canton to support swords and calls the roll, 



40 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

each chevalier answers: Here, as his name is called, then 
comes to a carry, then order swords. 

This is the formal ceremony, but the Captain may, in 
emergencies, order the Canton to fall in, count sixes, draw 
swords, and designate the platoons only. 

Alignments. 

105. The alignments are executed as prescribed in the 
" School of the Chevalier." 

At each alignment the Captain steps back two paces in 
prolongation of the line before giving his commands. This 
rule applies also to Chiefs of subdivisions in column, in 
canton and battalion drill. 

At the command front, guides take their posts if not al- 
ready there. This applies also to guides of platoons in 
Canton drill and (in battalion) to guides of subdivisions 
in column. 

To Open Ranks. 

106. Being at a halt, at the carry: 1. Open ranks. 2. 
March. 3. Front. 

At the first command, the Lieutenant and Ensign step 
three paces (90 inches) to the rear to mark the new align- 
ment of the rear rank; the Captain goes to the right flank, 
and sees that the guides are on a line parallel to the front; 
then places himself facing to the left, three paces in front 
of the right of the Canton and commands: march. At 
this command, the odd numbered chevaliers execute eyes 
right; the even numbered chevaliers step backward, halt 
a little in rear of the line established by the guides, and 
then dress to right on that line, without closing intervals. 

The Captain aligns the front rank; the right guide, the 
rear rank; the Captain verifies the alignment of the rear 
rank. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 41 

At the command front, the chevaliers cast their eyes to 
the front, the guides resume their posts in the front rank, 
and the Captain takes post facing to the front, three paces 
in front of the right guide. 

To Close Ranks. 

107. Being at a halt: i. Close ranks. 2. March. 
At the command march, advance and fill the intervals. 

108. The Canton executes the halt, rests, facings, steps, 
marchings, turnings, manual of sword, resumes attention, 
kneels and rises, as explained in the " School of the Cheva- 
lier/' substituting in the Commands Canton for Squad. 

The same rule applies to platoons, detachments, details, 
etc., substituting their designation for squad in the com- 
mands. 

In executing the turn and halt, the Captain goes to the 
pivot flank of his canton; the guide at the pivot halts or 
stands fast, and resumes his place at the command front. 

While marching, the arms swing naturally, the hands 
moving about three inches in front and rear of the seam 
of the trousers. 

To Dismiss the Canton. 

109. Being in line at a halt, the Captain directs the Lieu- 
tenant: Dismiss the Canton. The Lieutenant salutes, steps 
in front of the Canton and commands: I. Return. 2. 
Swords. 3. Dismissed. 

Marching in Line to Effect a Slight Change of 
Direction. 

1 10. The Captain commands: Incline to the right (or left). 
The guide advances gradually the left shoulder and 

marches in the new direction; all the files advance the left 



42 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

shoulder and conform to the movements of the guide, 
lengthening or shortening the step, according as the 
change is toward the side of the guide, or the side opposite. 

Being in Line to March by the Flank. 

in. i. Threes right (or left). 2. March. 



Each three wheels ninety degrees to the right on a fixed 
pivot, the pivot chevalier turning strictly in his place; the 
chevalier on the marching flank maintains the full step, 
moving on the arc of a circle with the pivot chevalier as 
the center; the chevaliers dress on the marching flank, 
shorten their steps according to their distance from it, 
and keep their intervals from the pivot. The right and 
left guides place themselves thirty-six inches in front and 
rear, respectively, of the left file of the leading and rear 
threes. 

112. The Captain in column of threes is by the side of 
the leading guide on the marching flank. 

The leading and rear guides in column of threes are in 
front and rear respectively of the leading or rear file on the 
marching flank. 

In all changes by threes from line into column and col- 
umn into line, or from column of files or the reverse, and 
in all wheels about by threes, either in line or column, the 
Captain and guides take their proper places in the most 
convenient way as soon as practicable. 

All wheels by threes except in changing direction, are 
executed on a fixed pivot. 

These rules are general. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 43 

Being in Line to Form Column of Threes and Halt. 

113. i. Threes right (or left). 2. March. 3. Canton. 4. 
Halt. 

The command halt is given as the threes complete the 
wheel; all dress toward the marching flank. 

114. In column of threes, the ranks dress toward the 
side of the guide. 

In all wheelings by threes, the forward march is taken 
upon the completion of the movement, unless the command 
halt be given. 

These rules are general. 

Marching- in Colnmn of Threes to Change Direction. 

115. i. Column right (or left). 2. March. 

The leading rank of three wheels on a movable pivot, 
the pivot chevalier takes steps of ten inches in quick time 
and twelve inches in double time, gaining ground forward 
so as to clear the wheeling point; the wheel completed, 
the leading rank takes the full step, the chevalier on the 
side of the guide follows thirty-six inches in rear of the 
guide, the other ranks move forward and wheel on the 
same ground. If the change of direction be toward the 
side of the guide, he shortens his step and wheels as if on 
the pivot flank of a rank of three; if the change be to 
the side opposite the guide, he wheels as if on the march- 
ing flank of a rank of three. 

Column half right (or half left) is similarly executed, 
each rank of three wheeling forty-five degrees. 

To Pnt the Colnmn of Threes in March and Change 
Direction at the Same Time. 

116. 1. Forward. 2. Column right (or left); or, 2. Column 
half right (or half left). 3. March. 



44 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

Being; in Line to Form Column of Threes and Change 
Direction. 

117. I. Threes right (or left). 2. Column right (or left); 
or, 2. Column half right (or half left). 3. March. 

Execute threes right and then change direction. (Par.115.) 

Being in Line, to March in Column of Threes to the 

Front. 

118. i. Right (or left) forward. 2. Threes right (or left). 
3. March. essa 

At the command march, the right guide mmm 

places himself in front of the left file of the ^mm 

right three; the right three moves straight to 
the front, shortening the first three or four 
steps, the other threes wheel to the right each mmm 

on a fixed pivot (Par. in); the second three mmm 

when its wheel is two- _ n 

thirds completed, wheels to / j / \ .& 
the left on a movable pivot i ^i' 1 1 ' ( 1 1 ; M 1 ! i 1 i W 1 ia 
(Par. 115), and follows the first; the other threes, having 
wheeled to the right, move forward and each wheels to 
the left on a movable pivot, so as to follow the second. 

To Oblique in Column of Threes, and 
to Resume the Direct March. 

L 119. I. Right (or left) oblique. 2. 

* March. 

^ Each three obliques as prescribed for 

^ the squad (Par. 87). 

^ The leading guide is the guide of the 
column when the oblique is toward his 
flank; when the oblique is toward the 
opposite flank the guide of the leading 
three is the guide of the column. 
To resume the direct march: 1. Forward. 2. March. 



"X\Y' J 




REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 



45 



To March the Column of Threes to the Rear. 

r — * — ■) 120. i. Threes right (or left) about. 2. 



CT3 



March. 

Each three wheels 180 degrees to the right 
on a fixed pivot (Par. in). 

The chevalier on the marching flank of 
each three preserves his distance; the chev- 
alier on the pivot flank carefully covers his 
file-leader during the wheel. 

To Form Line from Column of Threes. 

- s ^* i 121. I. To the right or left: Threes right 
^ (or left). 2. March. 3. Guide right (or 
j, left); or, 3. Canton. 4. Halt. 
At the command march the threes wheel to the right. 
The guide is announced, or the command halt is given, 
the instant the threes unite in line. 







fiii » ; 

r-T-T-i : r 



B &g ^S^^I&^^^^^m^^a i 



L^_- #U 



m 



122. On right or left: 1. On right (or left) into line. 2. 
March. 3. Canton. 4. Halt. 5. Front. 



46 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

At the command march the leading three wheels to the 
right on a movable pivot and moves forward, dressing to 
the right, the guide places himself on its right; each of 
the other threes marches a distance equal to its front, be- 
yond the wheeling point of the three next preceding, 
wheels to the right and advances as explained for the first 
three; the rear guide places himself on the left of the rear 
three after it halts. 

At the command halt, given when the leading three has 
advanced canton distance in the new direction, it halts and 
dresses to the right; the other threes successively halt and 
dress upon arriving in line. 

The command front is given when the left three com- 
pletes its dressing. 

123. In movements where it is prescribed that the lead- 
ing three, or subdivision, moves canton or subdivision 
distance to the front and then halts, it may be halted at a 
less distance when necessary. This rule is general. 

124. To the front: 1. Right (or left) front into line. 2. 
March. 3. Canton. 4. Halt. 5. Front. 

At the command 
^p:;«^t»igw»i»»wg^ march, the leading 

/ three moves straight 
<^, y to the front, dressing 

to the left; the guide 
in front places him- 
self on its left; the 
other threes oblique to 
the right till opposite 
their places in line, 
when each marches to 
the front. 
At the command halt, given when the leading three has 



1 V'\ 1 




fill 




1 1 1 1 




11 1 r 




1 1 i- 1 




1 i i 1 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 47 

advanced canton distance, it halts and dresses to the left; 
the other threes halt and dress to the left upon arriving 
in line; the guide in rear places himself on the right upon 
the arrival of the last three in line; the command front is 
given when the last three completes its dressing. If 
marching in double time, or in quick time, and the com- 
mand be double time, the Captain commands, guide left, 
immediately after the command march; the leading three 
moves to the front in quick time, the other threes oblique 
in double time, each taking the quick time and dressing 
to the left upon arriving in line. 

Being in Line to Face to tlie Rear and to March to 
the Rear. 

125. I. Threes right (or left) about. 2. March. 3. Canton. 
4. Halt; or 3. Guide right (or left). 

The threes wheel about (Par. 120). 

126. The canton at a halt may be marched a few paces 
to the rear by the commands: 1. Canton. 2. About. 3. 
Face. 4. Forward. 5. Guide right (or left). 6. March; or, 
if in march by the commands: 1. To the rear. 2. March. 
3. Guide right (or left). 

Obstacles. 

127. Marching in line, to pass obstacles: 1. (So many) 
threes from right (or left) to rear. 2. March. 

At the command march, 
the designated threes exe- 
cute left forward, threes 
left, on the three that re- 
mains in line next on 



IpT 



their left. 

\ The guide closes on the 

, , , , .-^-^^-^-^^-r^. threes that remain in Hne> 

The threes that have broken to the rear are formed in 



48 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

line at the commands: i. Rear threes right (or left) front 
into line. 2. Double time. 3. March. 

The guide, at the command march, hastens to the point 
where the flank of the canton will be when the movement 
is completed. 

Being in Column of Threes at a Halt, to Form 
Column of Files. 

128. i. Right (or left) by file. 2. March. 

At the command march, the right file of the leading 
three moves forward, followed in succession by the files 
on its left; when the left file of the leading three is about 
to commence to oblique, the right file of the second three 
moves to the front, and so on to the rear of the column, 
the chevaliers keeping closed as nearly as possible to fac- 
ing distance; the guides take the same distance. 

If marching, the leading file continues the march, the 
others halt, and resume the march at the proper time. 

129. A column of files changes direction, is halted, and 
put in march by the same commands as a column of threes. 

The march in column of files is always in quick time. 

130. A column of threes or files may be faced to the rear, 
or to a flank, and marched a short distance, but no other 
movements should be executed until the column is again 
faced to the original front. The officers face with the 
column and retain their positions. 

Having Formed Column of Files from Column of 
Threes, to Form Column of Threes. 

131. 1. Form threes. 2. Left (or right) oblique. 3. March. 
At the command march, the leading file of the first three 

halts, the other files of the first three oblique to the left 
and place themselves successively on the left of the leading 
file; the other threes successively form as explained for the 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 



49 



first, the leading file of each halting at seventy-two inches 
from the corresponding file of the three next in front. 

Movements by Platoons. 

132. In movements by platoons, each chief repeats such 
commands as are to be immediately executed by his pla- 
toon. Each chief gives the commands prescribed so as 
to insure the execution of movements by his platoon at 
the proper time. 

In column whenever a subdivision is dressed, its chief, 
after commanding front, places himself two paces in front 
of its center; in movements where the subdivisions are 
not dressed, he takes this position as soon as the column 
is formed. 

These rules are general. 

Being in Line, to Form Column of Platoons to the 
Rig-lit or Left. 

133. i. Platoons right (or left). 2. March. 
Executed by each platoon. (Par. 92.) 

At the first command, the chiefs of platoons caution: 
Platoon right; and at the command march, take their 











* 








/ 


2 








/ 


/ 








/ * 








/ 

/ 
/ 


/ 

/' 


/ 

' ,1 




SENS. 




/ / 
/ / ,1 






it 












* / 










• / * 






' s 


'' / 




/ 




/ 




' / / - 




/ 


/ 




,'' / 


,1 
/ 


»~, 


■'' / 




/ / / 




'S 


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50 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

places two paces from the pivots of their platoons, verify 
the alignment, and command: front. 

In all formation of platoons, at the command march, 
the Standard Guard moves, under the direction of the Ch. 
St. Gd. to the center of the column midway between the 
platoons, and conforms to all the movements of the pla- 
toons. 

134. The position of the Captain in column of platoons 
is on the side of the guide, three paces from the flank of 
the column, abreast of the leading platoon. 

135. The column of platoons is put in march, halted, 
obliques, and resumes the direct march by the same com- 
mands as the canton in line. 

Being: in Line, to Form Column of Platoons, and 
Move Forward Withont Halting:. 

136. i. Platoons. 2. Right (or left) turn. 3. March. 4. 
Forward. 5. March. 6. Guide right (or left). 

Executed by each platoon. (Par. 93.) The fifth com- 
mand is given when both platoons have completed the 
turn. 

137. The guide of the second platoon preserves the trace, 
step and a distance equal to the front of the platoon and 
standard guard. This rule is general. 

Being: in Column of Platoons, to Change Direction. 

138. Being in march: 1. Column right (or left). 2. 
March. 

At the first command, the chief of the first platoon com- 
mands: Right turn. 

At the command march, the first platoon turns to the 
right (Par. 93), its chief adding: 1. Forward. 2. March, 
on the completion of the turn. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 51 

The second platoon marches squarely up to the turning 
point and then changes direction by the same commands 
and means as the first. 

Column half right (or half left) is similarly executed; 
each chief gives the preparatory command: Right (or left) 
Half turn. 

139. In changing direction in column of subdivisions, 
each chief, on the completion of the movement by his sub- 
division, announces the guide on the side it was previous 
to the turn. This rule is general. 

To Put the Column of Platoons in March and Change 
Direction at the Same Time. 

140. i. Forward. 2. Guide right (or left). 3. Column 
right (or left); or, 3. Column half right (or half left). 4. 
March. 

Being in Column of Platoons, to Face to the Rear 
and to March to the Rear. 

141. i. Threes right (or left) about. 2. March. 3. Can- 
ton. 4. Halt; or 3. Guide right (or left). 

If one platoon be smaller than the other, the guide of the 
rear platoon regains the trace and distance on the march. 

To Form Line from Column of Platoons. 

142. Before forming line to, or on the right or left, the 
Captain requires the guide of the second platoon on the 
flank toward which the movement is to be executed to 
cover; if marching, he announces the guide on that flank, 
if not already there. 

143. To the right or left: 1. Platoons right (or left). 2. 
March. 3. Front. 

Executed by each platoon (Par. 92). 



52 



PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 



Each chief of platoon obliques to the right or left until 
he clears the flank, and takes his post. 

The Captain verifies the alignment and commands: 
Front. 

144. To the right or left and continue the march: 1. 
Platoons. 2. Right (or left) turn. 3. March. 4. Guide 
right (or left). 5. Forward. 6. March. 

Executed by each platoon (Par. 93). The sixth com- 
mand is given when both platoons have completed the 
turn. 

Each chief of platoon obliques to the right or left until 
he clears the flank, and takes his post. 

145. On right or left: 1. On right (or left) into line. 
2. March. 3. Front. 

The chief of the first platoon 
commands: Right turn. The 
first platoon turns to the right; 
when the guide has advanced 
platoon distance, the platoon is 
halted by its chief, who passes 
to his post. 

The second platoon marches 
straight to the front; its chief 
commands: 1. Right turn. 2. 
March, when his platoon is op- 
posite the right of its place in 
line; the platoon turns to the 
right and when the right file 
has arrived on the line the platoon is halted by its chief, 
who passes to his post. 

The Captain verifies the alignment, and commands: 

FRONT. 

146. A similar movement by threes from column of 




REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 53 

platoons or sections may be executed; each three in succes- 
sion breaking from its platoon by wheeling when opposite 
its place in line; the command, when in columns of sec- 
tions or platoons, being preceded by: I. By threes. 2. 
On right into line, etc. 

Being in Line, to Form Column of Platoons to the 
Front. 

147. Being at a halt: 1. Right (or left) by platoons. 2. 
March. 3. Guide left (or right). 

At the first command, the 
chiefs of platoon pass in double 
time to their places in front of 
their platoons, the chief of the 
right platoon commands: For- 
ward; the chief of the left: Right 
oblique. / 

At the command march, the /' 

right platoon moves forward. -^''^ 

The chief of the left platoon 

commands: March, when his platoon is disengaged; the 
platoon obliques to the right, its chief commanding: 1. 
Forward. 2. March. 3. Guide left, when the left guide 
arrives in the trace of the guide of the leading platoon. 

If marching, the chief of the left platoon commands: 1. 
Second platoon. 2. Mark time. 3. March, adding: 1. 
Right Oblique. 2. March, when his platoon is disen- 
gaged; the movement is completed as from a halt. 

Being; in Column of Platoons, to Form Canton 
to the Front. 

148. Being at a halt: 1. Form canton. 2. Right (or left) 
oblique. 3. March. 4. Front. 



54 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

At the second command, the chief of the first platoon 
commands: i. Forward. 2. Guide left; the chief of the 
second commands: Right oblique. 

The first platoon advances platoon distance, when its 
chief commands: 1. Platoon. 2. Halt. 3. Left. 4. Dress, 
and passes to his post. The second platoon obliques to 
th*e right, its chief commanding: 1. Forward. 2. March. 
3. Guide Left, when the platoon is opposite its place in 
line; on arriving near the line, the chief halts the platoon, 
commands: 1. Left. 2. Dress, and passes to his post. 

The Captain superintends the alignment from the left 
flank, and commands: Front. 

If marching in quick time, the chief of the leading pla- 
toon commands: Guide left, and the movement is com- 
pleted as just explained. 

If marching in quick time and the command be double 
time, the Captain commands: Guide left (or right) imme- 
diately after the command march; the chief of the leading 
platoon cautions it to advance in quick time and com- 
mands: Guide left; the chief of the second platoon com- 
mands: Double time, and when the platoon is abreast of the 
leading platoon commands: 1. Quick time. 2. March; 
the platoons having united, the chiefs pass to their posts. 

If marching in double time, the chief of the first platoon, 
at the first command of the Captain commands: Quick 
time. 

Being; in Column of Platoons, to March by the Flank. 

149. i. Threes right (or left). 2. March. 3. Guide left 
(or right). 

The Lieutenant and Ensign quickly place themselves in 
front of their platoons, as in column of threes; the Stand- 
ard Guard wheels as other threes do, and maintains its 
central position. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 



55 



To March Again in Column of Platoons. 

150. i. Threes left (or right). 2. March. 3. Guide left 
(or right); or, 3. Canton. 4. Halt. 

The threes and Standard Guard wheel to the left into 
column of platoons; the Lieutenant and Ensign take their 
positions and exact distances are carefully preserved. 

Marching by the flank of platoons, the right platoon is 
the first, the left the second. 



Being; in Line, to Advance in Line of Platoons in 
Columns ot Threes. 

151. i. Platoons. 2. Right (or left) forward. 3. Threes 
right (or left). 4. March, guide right (or left). 

At the first com- 
mand, the chiefs 
place themselves in 
front of their pla- 
toons. 

At. the command 
march, each platoon 
executes the move- 
ment as prescribed 
for a canton (Par. 
118). 
To form again in line: 1. Platoons. 2. Right (or left) 
front into line. 3. March. 4. Canton. 5. Halt. 6. Front. 
Each platoon forms front into line (Par. 124); the chiefs 
of platoons return to their posts. 

The command halt is given when the leading threes 
have advanced platoon distance. 

If the movements be executed in double time, the Cap- 
tain commands: Guide left (or right) after the command 
march. 



*A 1 1 I 1 r-i 




1 i..-f ' {-r-v^ 



56 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

Being- in Column of Threes, to Form Front into Line 
of Platoons in Columns of Threes, 

152. i. Right (or left) front into line of platoons in columns 
of threes. 2. March. 

The first platoon is marched platoon distance to the front 
and halted; the second executes column half right, and 
having gained its interval (Par. 137), column half left, and 
is halted abreast of the first platoon. 

Being* in Column of Threes to Form on Right or Left 
into Line of Platoons in Columns of Threes. 

153. I. On right (or left) into line of platoons in columns 
of threes. 2. March. 

The first platoon executes column right, advances pla- 
toon distance and twelve paces in the new direction and 
is halted; the second is marched beyond the first and 
when opposite its place executes column right and is 
halted abreast of the first platoon. 

Marching in Line of Platoons in Columns of Threes, 
to Form Column of Threes to the Right or Left. 

154. i. Platoons. 2. Column right (or left). 3. March. 

Being in Column of Platoons, to Form Column of 
Threes. 

155. I. Platoons. 2. Right (or left) forward. 3. Threes 
right (or left). 4. March. 

Being in Column of Threes, to Form Column of 
Platoons. 

156. i. Platoons. 2. Right (or left) front into line. 3. 
March. 4. Canton. 5. Halt. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 57 

At the second command, each chief places himself near 
the head of his platoon. 

At the command march, each platoon executes right 
front into line. (Pars. 105 and 124.) 

The command halt is given when the leading three has 
advanced platoon distance. 

If marching in double time, or in quick time, and the 
command be double time, the Captain commands: Guide 
left (or right) after the command march. 

Marching in Column of Threes, to March in Line of 
Platoons in Columns of Threes to the Right or Left. 

157. i. Platoons. 2. Column right (or left). 3. March. 
4. Guide right (or left). 

Each platoon changes direction to the right, and each 
chief takes his place. 

Route Step. 

158. The column of threes is the habitual column of 
route. The rate is three to three and a half miles per hour.. 

Marching in quick time: 1. Route step. 2. March. 

The chevaliers are not required to preserve silence nor 
keep the step. The ranks cover and preserve their dis- 
tance. 

If from a halt: 1. Forward. 2. Route step. 3. March. 

To resume the cadenced step: 1. Canton. 2. Atten- 
tion. 

At the command attention, the cadenced step in quick 
time is resumed. 

The canton marching in line or in column of platoons 
may also march in the route step. 

The canton in route step changes direction by the same 
commands as in the cadenced step. 



58 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

To march at ease: i. At ease. 2. March. 

The canton marches as in the route step, except that 
silence is preserved. 

To resume the cadenced step: 1. Canton. 2. Atten- 
tion. 

At ease, either marching or at a halt, and at the rest, 
chevaliers carry the sword at will; marching at route step, 
at will or in the scabbard. 

School of the Battalion. 

159. Cantons shall take rank in battalion line according 
to the age of organization; battalions in regimental line 
according to date of separate formation; regiments in 
brigades according to the dates of colonels' commissions; 
brigades in line of division formation by assignment of 
Division Commander. 

Battalions form in regimental organization as follows: 
The first battalion on the right of the line, the second 
battalion next the first, and so on. (P. M. Code.) 
. 160. In this school the senior officer present is the in- 
structor; in the text he is designated as Major. 

161. Captains repeat such of the commands as are to be 
immediately executed by their Cantons; as forward, threes 
right, march, halt, etc.; they do not repeat the Major's 
commands in executing the manual, nor those commands 
which are not essential to the execution of a movement 
by their cantons; as, deploy column, etc. 

In any movement, each Captain gives his command so 
as to insure its execution by his canton at the proper 
time. 

162. When the formation will admit of the simultaneous 
execution of movements by the cantons, the Major may 
have them execute movements in the school of the canton 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 59 

by prefixing, when necessary, the command: Cantons (or 
platoons) to the commands therein prescribed; e. g., i. 
Cantons. 2. Right forward. 3. Threes right. 4. March. 
1. Cantons. 2. Right, front into line. 3. March, etc. 

When line, line of columns, or column of subdivisions 
is formed, the Major announces the guide, if the march 
is to be continued. 

Equalization of Cantons. 

163. In drill it is important that the Cantons should be 
equal. Large Cantons may, for this purpose, be divided 
into two or more, one of which occupies its place accord- 
ing to rank, and the others on its left according to the 
direction of the Major. Small Cantons might be con- 
solidated and take rank from the oldest Canton, the oldest 
consolidation, according to the equities of the case. That 
is, if a senior Canton, taking the right, had one or more 
supernumeraries, it would not be just for these to be con- 
solidated with the junior Canton so as to give it fictitious 
rank. 

The Standards. 

164. Unless every Canton has its Standard and Guard, 
those present could be grouped and form a Battalion 
Standard Guard, which occupies the center of the Bat- 
talion, with the ranking Standard Guard on its right. Its 
chief is an officer detailed to command it on its right, 
unless its number (always the multiple of three) exceed 
six, when its chief may be detached, the same as a Chief 
of Canton. 

Its numerical strength never exceeds that of the Can- 
tons. It would doubtless prove satisfactory for the Stand- 
ard Bearer, as left file of the right center platoon of each 



60 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

Canton, to carry a light banner with the " coat of arms " 
of his Canton emblazoned upon it. 

When the ranking or Chief Standard Bearer is referred 
to in this drill, it will be understood as the Standard 
Bearer nearest the center of the Battalion. 

When chiefs of Cantons are referred to, the term applies 
as well, generally, to the Chief of the Battalion Standard 
Guard. 

Formation of tlie Battalion. 

165. The battalion is composed of two or more Cantons, 
not exceeding five; the movements explained herein are on 
the basis of a battalion of four Cantons. 

The following table shows the order of Cantons in line 
from right to left. 

Front. 

2 1 

2 3 1 

2431 

2 5 3 4 1 

After the battalion is formed no cognizance is taken of 
the relative order of the Cantons. 

In whatever direction the battalion faces, the Cantons 
are designated numerically from right to left in line, and 
in line of columns, and from head to rear in column, first 
Canton, second Canton, etc. 

In like manner the Cantons to the right of the center 
in line constitute the right wing; those to the left, the left 
wing; when the number of Cantons is uneven, the original 
right wing contains the odd Canton. The left Canton 
right wing and right Canton left wing are designated re- 
spectfully right and left center Cantons. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 6l 

When a new formation necessitates a change of designa- 
tion the change takes effect upon the completion of the 
movement. 

In designating their Cantons the Captains use the 
"name" designation; as Canton "Union," etc. 

Color Guard. 

166. In each regiment there is a color guard, composed 
of one sergeant, who is the color bearer, and two experi- 
enced chevaliers selected by the colonel. 

The color is with the battalion designated by the col- 
onel, usually the second, or the first if there be but two 
battalions. 

When the national color is paraded it is carried by a 
sergeant selected by the colonel; he takes his place on the 
left of the color bearer and conforms to his movements, 
remaining on his left. 

The color, kept at the office or quarters of the colonel, 
is escorted by the color guard, marching in one rank, the 
color bearer in the center, to the color canton on its pa- 
rade ground; and in like manner back to its place of de- 
posit. 

The color guard, at the command of the color bearer, 
present swords on receiving and on parting with the color; 
in the latter case the color guard returns to the carry at 
the command of the senior member of the guard. 

Posts of Field and Staff. 

167. In line, the Major is posted twenty paces in front 
of the center of the battalion; the Adjutant and Sergeant 
Major are opposite the right and left of the battalion, six 
paces in rear. 



62 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

In column, the Major is on the side of the guide, twenty 
paces from and opposite the center. 

The Adjutant and Sergeant Major are on the side of 
the guide, opposite and six paces from the head and rear 
of the column, each in his own wing. 

In line of columns, the Major is twenty paces in front 
of the center; the Adjutant and Sergeant Major are 
abreast of and six paces outside of the leading guides. If 
the line faces to the rear the Adjutant and Sergeant Major 
take the corresponding positions as when facing to the 
former front, each in his own wing. 

In making the about, an officer, mounted, habitually 
turns to the left about. 

The Band. 

168. The band is formed in two or more ranks, with 
sufficient intervals between the men and distances between 
the ranks to permit a free use of the instruments. 

The field music, when united, forms with and in rear of 
the band; when the band is not present, the posts, move- 
ments, and duties of the field music are the same as pre- 
scribed for the band; when a musician is in charge, his 
post is on the right of the front rank. When the battalion 
or regiment wheels about by threes, the band executes the 
countermarch; when the battalion or regiment executes 
right, left or about face, the band faces in the same man- 
ner. 

In marching, the different ranks dress to the right. 

In executing open ranks, each rank of the band takes 
the distance of three paces from the rank next in front; 
the drum major verifies the alignment. 

The field music sounds the march, flourishes or ruffles, 
and to the color at the signal of the drum major. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 63 

Instructions for the Drum Major. 

169. The drum major is two paces in front of the center 
of the front rank, and gives the signals or commands for 
the movements of the band as for a squad, substituting in 
the commands band for squad. 

The staff is held in the right hand, hand below the chin, 
back to the front, head of the staff near the hand, ferrule 
pointing upward and to the right. After each signal the 
staff is restored to this position. 



MAJOR 

9 



BAND 



A 



To Form the Battalion. 

170. The Cantons having been formed on their parade 
grounds, Adjutant's call is sounded, at which the Adjutant 
proceeds to the point where the base Canton is to form; 
the Sergeant Major reports to him and is posted on the 
line facing the Adjutant at nearly Canton distance; the 
Adjutant and Sergeant Major then draw swords. 

The guides invert their swords in front of the center of 
the body, cross-hilt above the head, flat of the blade next 
to them. 

The Battalion Standard Guard is the first established, 
and is conducted by its chief so as to arrive from the rear, 
parallel with the line. When it arrives in rear of the line 
it is halted, and its chief, placing himself, facing to the 



64 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

front, near the Sergeant Major, dresses the guard to the 
left — (or if there is no Battalion Standard Guard, then) 

The right center or center Canton is the first established, 
and is conducted by its Captain so as to arrive from the 
rear, parallel with the line; the right and left guides of the 
Canton precede it on the line by about twenty paces, tak- 
ing post facing each other, under the direction of the 
Adjutant and Sergeant Major. 

The line is prolonged in fhe right wing by the right and 
left guides, who precede their Cantons on the line by 
about twenty paces and establish themselves facing the 
guides first posted, at a little less than Canton distance 
apart, the one nearest the guide of the preceding Canton 
being about five paces in his rear; the Adjutant assures the 
position of the guides, placing himself in rear of the right 
guides as they successively arrive. The line is similarly 
prolonged in the left wing by the Canton guides, the Ser- 
geant Major assuring them in their positions, placing 
himself in rear of the left guides. 

When the right center Canton arrives near the line the 
Captain halts it, places himself facing to the front near the 
left guide, and dresses the Canton to the left: The breasts 
of the chevaliers opposite the right and left guides rest 
respectively against their left and right arms; the Cantons 
of the rigtit wing successively form from left to right with 
an interval of two paces between guides when in line, 
each Canton being halted near the line and dressed to the 
left, as explained for the center Canton; the Cantons of 
the left wing form successively from right to left and are 
dressed to the right. 

171. Captains, when dressing their Cantons in line place 
themselves on the line, on the flank toward which they 
dress, facing to the front. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 65 

Each Captain, after dressing his Canton commands: 
Front, and as soon as the Captain next succeeding him in 
his own wing commands front, he commands: 1. (such) 
Canton. 2. Support. 3. Swords, and takes his post; the 
flank Cantons support swords as soon as dressed. These 
rules are general. 

172. The Major takes post facing the line, at a distance 
in front of the center of the battalion about equal to half 
its front. 

The Adjutant having assured the position of the guides 
of the right Canton, places himself two paces to the front, 
facing to the left, and when the last Canton arriving on 
the line is dressed, commands: 1. Guides. 2. Posts. 

At the command guides posts, the Sergeant Major and 
guides take their posts in line. 

The Adjutant moves (in quick time) by the shortest line 
to a point midway between the Major and the center of 
the battalion, faces the latter and halts; then brings the 
battalion to the carry and present, faces about, salutes the 
Major, and reports: Sir, the battalion is formed. 

The Major returns the salute with the right hand, directs 
the Adjutant, take your post, sir; draws sword, and brings 
the battalion to the carry. 

The Adjutant faces about and returns around the right 
of the battalion to his post. 

173. The battalion may be formed in line on the right 
or left Canton on the same principles, the guides being 
posted as in the left or right wing. 

The battalion may also be assembled in column of 
threes. 

In both cases the Cantons are arranged in the same 
relative order as when the formation is on the center Can- 



66 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

ton. When assembled in column the Adjutant reports to 
the Major as soon as the last Canton has taken its place. 

To Open Ranks. 

174. Being at a halt: 1. Open ranks. 2. March. 3. 
Front. 

Executed by each Canton as prescribed in the School of 
the Canton. 

The Major verifies the alignment of the officers and the 
ranks. 

The band takes three paces between ranks, the align- 
ment being verified by the drum major. 

At the command front, given when the ranks are aligned, 
the Adjutant takes post three paces to the right of the 
battalion, in line with the Canton officers; the sergeant 
Major one pace to the left of and in line with the front 
rank; the guides and drum major return to their places 
in line; and the Major takes post facing to the front, 
twenty paces in front of the center of the battalion. 

To Close Ranks. 

175. i. Close Ranks. 2. March. 
See School of the Canton. 

To Dismiss the Battalion. 

176. Dismiss your Cantons. 

Each Captain conducts his Canton to its parade ground, 
where it is dismissed as prescribed. 

To Marcli in Line. 

177. Being at a halt: I. Forward. 2. Guide center. 3. 
March. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 6j 

The left guide of the right center Canton is the center 
guide and regulates the step and direction, the guides 
maintaining the interval of two paces between Cantons; 
the Captains in front of the center of their Cantons see 
that they preserve a general alignment, without abruptly 
shortening or lengthening the step; the Major superin- 
tends the march of the battalion. 

178. At the pommand guide center, Captains caution: 
Guide left (or right), according as they are in the right or 
left wing. This rule is general. 

179. To make a slight change of direction, the Major 
commands: Incline to the right (or left), and indicates the 
new line of direction. The guide gradually advances his 
left shoulder, giving time for the alignment to conform to 
his movement. 

180. If the battalion loses step, the Major commands: 
Step; Captains and their companies immediately take the 
proper step. 

181. Marching considerable distances, the line formation 
that the battalion habitually takes is the line of columns of 
threes. 

To Face the Battalion to the Rear, and to March it 
to the Rear. 

182. Being in line: 1. Threes right (or left) about. 2. 
March. 3. Battalion. 4. Halt; or 3. Guide center. 

The battalion wheels about by threes (Par. 120); the 
command halt is given as the threes unite in line. 

In wheeling by threes, if the pivots cover and the 
threes wheel properly, no dressing is needed; the Major 
will direct a Captain to dress his Canton when necessary. 

If the battalion be not halted the Major commands: 
Guide center as the threes unite in line. 



68 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

Whenever a battalion in line wheels about by threes, the 
Adjutant and Sergeant Major pass around the flanks. The 
battalion is drilled by the same commands as when facing 
in the opposite direction. 

183. The battalion may be marched a few paces to the 
rear by the commands: 1. Battalion. 2. About. 3. Face. 
4. Forzvard. 5. Guide center. 6. March; or, if in march, 
by the commands: 1. To the rear. 2. March. 3. Guide 
center. The officers and Sergeant Major, upon facing 
about, remain in their relative positions. 

To Oblique in Line. 

184. i. Right (or left) oblique. 2. March. 

The Major sees that the battalion continues parallel to 
its original line. 
To resume the direct march: 1. Forzvard. 2. March. 

Alignments. 

185. Being at a halt to rectify the alignment: Captains 
rectify the alignment. 

The Captains in the right wing dress their Cantons suc- 
cessively to the left, each as soon as the Captain next on 
his left commands front; the Captains in the left wing 
dress their Cantons similarly to the right. The center 
Cantons are dressed first without waiting for each other. 

186. To give the battalion a general alignment: 1. Guides 
(such) Canton on the line. 2. Guides on the line. 3. On the 
center (right or left). 4. Dress. 5. Guides. 6. Posts. 

At the first command the designated guides place them- 
selves on the line facing the Major, who establishes them 
in the direction he wishes to give the battalion. 

At the second command the guides of the other Can- 
tons are posted as in forming the battalion. (Par. 170.) 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 69 

At the command dress, the base Canton, if an interior 
Canton dresses to the right or left according as it is on 
the left or right wing; if on a flank, towards its outer flank; 
the others towards the base Canton. 

If the new line be oblique to or at considerable distance, 
from the battalion, the Captains conduct their Cantons so 
as to arrive parallel with the line, halt, and dress them as 
explained, 

At the command posts the guides return to their posts. 

If the new direction of the line be such that one or 
more Cantons find themselves in advance of it, the Major, 
before establishing the guides, causes such Cantons to be 
moved to the rear. 

To Pass Obstacles. 

187. When inarching in line or in column, Captains will, 
without the command of the Major, so conduct their Can- 
tons as to pass obstacles with the greatest facility, and then 
resume the original formation. 

Being? in Line, to March by tbe Flank:. 

188. i. Threes right (or left). 2. March. 

The Adjutant and Sergeant Major pass around the flanks 
to their posts in column. (Par. 167.) 

In column of threes the leading guide of each Canton, 
except the first, marches in the trace of the rear guide of 
the preceding Canton and maintains the distance of 126 
inches from him. 

189. A battalion at a halt may be marched a short dis- 
tance to the right or left in column of files by the com- 
mands: 1. Right (or left). 2. Face. 3. Forward. 4. March. 

All face individually, and maintain their relative posi- 
tions. 



70 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

To halt the battalion and face it to the front: i. Bat- 
talion. 2. Halt. 3. Left (or right). 4. Face. 

To resume the march in line: 1. By the left (or right) 
Hank. 2. March. 3. Guide center. 

To Break: into Column of Threes from the Right or 
Left, to March to the Left or Right. 

190. Being in line at a halt: 1. Column of threes. 2. 
Break from the right (or left) to march to the left (or right). 
3. March. 

At two, the chief of the right Canton commands: 1. 
Right forward. 2. Threes right. 




At the command march, repeated by the chief, the Can- 
ton moves in column of threes to the front; the chief 
commanding: 1. Column left, adding. 2. March, the in- 
stant the leading three has advanced Canton distance; the 
guide then directs his march parallel with the front of the 
battalion. The chief of the second Canton orders: I. 
Right forward. 2. Threes right, adding. 3. March, when 
the leading guide of the first Canton arrives opposite his 
right; the Canton advances and changes direction as ex- 
plained for the first Canton, following in its rear. 

The other Cantons successively conform to what is ex- 
plained for the second. 

191. The battalion being in column of threes, halts, ad- 
vances, obliques, changes direction, marches by the flank 
and to the rear, forms column of files, and reforms in 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. Jl 

column of threes, the same as a Canton, substituting in 
the commands battalion for Canton. 

Being* in Column of Threes, to Form Line to the 
Right or Left. 

192. i. Threes right (or left). 2. March. 3. Battalion. 
4. Halt. 

The command halt is given as the threes unite in line. 
If the battalion be not halted the Major commands: 3. 
Guide center, as the threes unite in line. 

General Rnles for Successive Formations. 

193. Successive formations, include formations, either 
into line or column, in which the several subdivisions 
arrive in their places successively. 

(a) In all successive formations into line, except for- 
mations by two movements, the Adjutant or Sergeant 
Major at the head of the column or nearest the point of 
rest, posts on the line opposite its right and left files, the 
two guides of the Canton first to arrive. The guides face 
toward the point of rest; if the formation be central, they 
are posted on the line, in front of the leading Canton, 
facing each other. 

(b) In all formations from a halt, the guides are posted 
at the preparatory command indicating the direction in 
which the line is to extend; if marching, they hasten to- 
ward the point of rest at the preparatory command, and 
are posted at the command march. 

(c) In the formations on right (or left) into line, the 
first guide is posted Canton distance to the right (or left) 
of the head of the column. 

(d) In the formations front into line, the guides are 
posted Canton distance in front of the head of the column. 



72 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

(f) In changes of front, the first guide is posted Canton 
distance to the right of the first or left of the fourth Can- 
ton, according as the change of front is to the right or left. 

(g) In any formation where it is prescribed that the 
guides are to be posted Canton distance from the column 
or line, they may be posted at a less distance when neces- 
sary. 

(h) The line is prolonged as in forming the battalion; 
the guides are assured by the Adjutant or Sergeant Major 
nearest the point of rest, or by both, if the formation be 
central; the Cantons are halted near the line and dressed 
up to the guides toward the point of rest. 

(i) When the line is to be formed facing to the rear, 
the guides are so posted as to permit the leading Canton 
to pass between them, after which the second guide closes 
to a little less than Canton distance from the first. The 
guides of the rear Cantons follow the same rule. 

(k) When the principles of successive formations are well 
understood the guides may be required to post themselves. 

(/) The Major commands: i. Guides. 2. Posts, at the 
completion of all successive formations into line. 

Being in Column of Threes, to Form on Right or 
Left, into Line. 

194. Being at a halt: 1. On right (or left) into line. 2. 
March. 

The Captains of Cantons in rear of the first command: 
Forward. 

The first Canton executes on right into line (Par. 122). 

Each of the other Captains commands: 1. On right into 
line. 2. March, when his leading three is nearly opposite 
its place in line. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 73 

If marching, the Captains of Cantons in rear of the first 
omit the command forward. 

Being? in Column of Threes, to Form Front into Line. 

195. Being at a halt: i. Right (or left) front into line. 
2. March. 

3s ^ At the first command the 

Captain of the first Canton 
commands: I. Right front into 

' J *. j line. 2. Double time; the Cap- 

A A /K tain of the second Canton 

commands: i Forivard. 2. 
Column right; the other Cap- 
tains: 1. Forward. 2. Column 
half right. 

The first Canton executes 
right front into line double 
time (Par. 124). The Captain 
of the second Canton con- 
ducts it opposite the left of 
its place in line, changes direction to the left, and com- 
mands: 1. Right front into line. 2. Double time. 3. March, 
when at Canton distance from the line. 

The other Captains conduct their Cantons to a point at 
twice Canton distance in rear of the left of their places in 
line, change direction half left, and when at Canton dis- 
tance from the line conform to what is explained for the 
Captain of the second Canton. 

If marching, the Captains of Cantons in rear of the first 
omit the command forward. 

Front into line mav be executed in a direction oblique to 
that of the column by first causing the leading Canton to 



74 



PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 



execute a partial change of direction. The line is formed 
at right angles to the new direction of the leading Canton. 
The other Cantons are, if possible, so conducted as to 
arrive opposite their places, at twice Canton distance in 
rear of the line. 



:,f,::: 



^BsaBpasBBa^Baai 



! 



t 



.1 14- 



♦ i t i 



To Form Front into Line Faced to the Rear. 

196. I. Right (or left) front into line faced to the rear. 
March. 

Executed as explained, ex- 
cept that each Captain halts 
his Canton just beyond the 
line; all the threes having ar- 
rived in line, the Captain 
wheels his Canton to the left 
about by threes, halts it, and 
dresses it to the right. 

197. In forming line faced to 
the rear the threes wheel about 
toward the point of rest. This 
rule is general. 



2. 



Being in Column of Threes, to Form Line by Two 
Movements. 

198. In forming line by two movements the command 
march is given as the head of a Canton is about to change 
direction. 

The Adjutant or Sergeant Major at the rear of the col- 
umn assures the positions of the guides of the rear Canton, 
in prolongation uf the line of the leading Cantons. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 75 

A Part of the Column Having; Changed Direction to 
the Right, to Form Line to the Left. 

199. I. Threes left. 2. Rear companies left front into line. 
3. March. 

The Cantons that have changed direction wheel by threes 
to the left; each Captain halts his Canton as the threes 
unite in line. 

The rear Cantons execute left front into line, as pre- 
scribed. 

To Form Line Faced to the Right. 

200. i. Threes right. 2. Rear companies left front into line, 
faced to the rear. 3. March. 

The Cantons that have changed direction wheel by 
threes to the right and halt. 

The rear companies execute left front into line, faced 
to the rear. 

201. If the column has changed direction to the left, to 
form line to the right: 1. Threes right. 2. Rear companies 
right front into line. 3. March. 

To Form Line to the Left. 

202. i. Threes left. 2. Rear companies right front into line, 
faced to the rear. 3. March. 

Being in Line, to Form Colnmn of Cantons to the 
Right or Left and Halt. 

203. i. Cantons right (or left). 2. March. 

Each Canton executes the turn and halt (Par. 108). 

Full distance in column of subdivisions is such that in 
forming line to the right or left the subdivisions will have 
their proper intervals; in column of Cantons it is Canton 
distance and two paces. 



76 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

Being in Line, to Form Column of Cantons Without 
Halting. 

204. i. Cantons. 2. Right (or left) turn. 3. March. 4. 
Forward. 5. March. 6. Guide right (or left). 

Each Canton executes the turn and advance. The fifth 
command is given when all the Cantons have completed 
the turn. 

205. In column of subdivisions the guide of the leading 
subdivision is charged with the step and direction; the 
guides in rear preserve the trace, step and distance. 

Whenever a guide is forced out of the direction, he re- 
covers it gradually; the guides in rear conform successively 
to his movements. 

Whenever the guide in column is changed, the Adjutant 
and Sergeant Major, unless otherwise directed, pass by 
the most convenient line to the opposite flank. 

These rules are general. 

Being in Line, to Break by the Right or Left of 
Cantons to the Rear into Column. 

206. i. Right (or left) of Cantons rear into column. 2. 
March. % 

Each Captain commands: 1. Threes right. 2. Column 
right. 

.....^ ,,-s, .,-••;« ,■■■•■ -< Each Captain halts on the 

I line lately occupied by the Can- 
ton, and as his rear three passes 
him, forms line to the left, halts 
his Canton, and dresses it to the left. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 77 

Marching: in Column of Threes, to Form Cantons 
Successively to tlie Right or Left into 
'p Column at Fall Distance. 

207. i. Column of Cantons. 2. First 
Canton. 3. Threes right (or left). 4. 
March. 5. Guide right (or left). 

The leading Canton executes threes 
right. 

The other Cantons continue the 
march in column of threes and suc- 
cessively form line to the right and 
move forward on the same ground as 
the leading Canton. 



^ ^ 



Marching in Column of Cantons at Full Distance, to 

FortA the Cantons Successively to the Right 

or Left into Column of Threes. 

208. I. Column of Threes. 2. First 
Canton. 3. Threes right (or left). 4. 
March. 

The leading Canton executes threes 
right. 

The other Cantons continue the 
march in column of Cantons and suc- 
cessively form column of threes to 
to the right, on the same ground as 
the leading Canton. 



78 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

Being: in Line, to Break by Cantons from the Rigrht 
or Left to March to the Left or Right. 

209. Being at a halt: 1. Cantons break from the right (or 
left) to march to the left (or right). 2. March. 

The Captain of the first Can- 1 
ton commands: 1. Forward. 
2. Guide left. 

The right Canton moves for- 
ward, the Captain command- 
ing: 1. Left turn. 2. March, when the guide has ad- 
vanced Canton distance; the left guide then directs his 
march parallel to the front of the battalion. 

Each of the other Cantons execute the same movements 
when the preceding Canton arrives opposite its left. ' 

To March in Column at Pnll Distance. 

210. i. Forward. 2. Guide right (or left). 3. March. 

To make a slight change of direction, the Major com- 
mands: Incline to the right (or left), and indicates the 
new line of direction; the leading guide gradually advances 
the left shoulder, his subdivision conforming to his move- 
ments. The rear subdivisions execute the change of di- 
rection on the same ground and in the same manner as 
the leading one. 

To Halt the Column. 

211. i. Battalion. 2. Halt. 

The column halts, and the guides stand fast, although 
they may have lost distance and be out of the direction of 
the guides in front. 

To Face the Column to the Rear, and to March 
it to the Rear. 

212. i. Threes right (or left) about. 2. March. 3. Bat- 
talion. 4. Halt; or 3. Guide right (or left). 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 79 

If the Cantons are unequal in size, each Captain assists 
his guide to gain the trace and distance by obliquing his 
Canton when necessary, causing it to lengthen or shorten 
the step. 

Being; in Column at Pnll Distance, to Change 
Direction. 

213. Being in march: I. Column right (or left), or, i. 
Column half right (or half left). 2. March. 

The chief of the first subdivision 
commands: Right turn. 

The leading subdivision turns to 
the right, the chief adding: 1. For- 
ward. 2. March, upon its comple- * 
tion. (See Par. 139.) ,1 

The other subdivisions march 
squarely up to the turning point and 
each changes direction by the same 
commands and means as the first. ■' 

To Put the Column in March and Change Direction at 
the Same Time. 

214. i. Forward. 2. Guide right (or left). 3. Column 
right (or left); or, 3. Column half right (or half left). 4. 
March. 

Being in Column at Fall Distance, to Form Line to 
the Right or Left. 

215. The guides on the side toward which the move- 
ment is to be made covering at full distance, to form line 
and halt: 1. Cantons right (or left). 2. March. 3. Guides. 
4. Posts. 

At the first command the left guide of the leading Can- 
ton places himself facing the leading guide of the column, 
nearly Canton distance in front of him, so as to be oppo- 



80 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

site one of the left files of his Canton when the movement 
is completed; the guide is assured in his position by the 
Adjutant or Sergeant Major; each Captain places himself 
facing to the front, on the right of his Canton, and veri- 
fies the alignment. 

At the command posts, the guides return to their posts 
in line. 

To form line and advance: I. Cantons. 2. Right (or 
left) turn. 3. March. 4. Guide center. 5. Forward. 6. 
March. 

The sixth command is given when all the Cantons have 
completed the turn. 

216. Being in column at full distance at a halt, if the 
guides do not cover or have not their proper distances, to 
correct them the Major establishes the guide of the leading 
Canton and the guide next in rear in the desired direction, 
and commands: 1. Right (or left) guides. 2. Cover. The 
right guides place themselves covering the first two, each 
at full distance from the guide next in front; the Adjutant 
and Sergeant Major assure their positions; the Major then 
commands: 1. Right (or left). 2. Dress. 

Each Captain aligns his Canton on the guide and com- 
mands: FRONT. 

Should any Canton be at a considerable distance from 
its guide the Captain gives the preparatory commands for 
moving it into place adding: march, at the command dress 
from the Major. 

Being; in Column at Fnll Distance, to Form on Right 
or Left into Line. 

217. Being in march: 1. On right (or left) into line. 2. 
March. 

The Captain of the first Canton commands: Right turn, 
and when the Canton has advanced to the guides halt it. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 



8l 






The other Cantons continue the march, each Captain 
giving the commands: I. Right turn. 2. March, upon 
arriving opposite the right of his place in line. 

Being at a halt at the first command, Captains of Can- 
tons in rear of the first command: I. Forward. 2. Guide 
right. 

Being; in Column at Fnll Distance, to Form 
Front into Line. 

218. Being at a 
ff^ ^ HZ^ halt: I. Right (or 
// left) front into line. 

f / 2. March. 

The Captain of 
the first Canton 
commands: i. Forward. 2. 
Guide left, the Captain of the 
second: I. Right forward. 2. 
Threes right, the other Cap- 
tains: i. Threes right. 2. Col- 
umn half left. 

The first Canton advances 
to the guides, is halted and 
dressed to the left. The second 
Canton, when near the line, 




82 



PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 



executes column right, and when opposite its place, threes 
left; is halted and dressed to the left. 

The other Cantons on nearing the line, change direction 
half right and complete the movement as prescribed for 
the second Canton. 

If marching, the Captain of the first Canton omits the 
command forward, and changes the guide if necessary. 

219. To form faced to the rear, the Major adds faced to 
the rear after front into line. 

Executed as above, except 
that the Cantons march just 
beyond the line, halt and wheel 
about by threes, halt, and dress 
toward the point of rest. 

To Change Front. 

220. Being in line: 1. Change 
front on first (or fourth) Canton. 
2. Cantons. 3. Right (or left) 
half turn. 4. March. 5. Guide 
right (or left). 

The first Canton executes 
right turn. 

The other Cantons execute right half turn; each Captain 
again commands: Right half turn. 2. March, when the 
right of his Canton is opposite its place in line. 

221. The change in front may be effected by wheeling 
by threes and forming front into line. 

222. To change front faced to the rear, the Major adds 
faced to the rear to the command change front on first (or 
fourth) Canton. The movement is executed as just ex- 
plained, except that the Cantons are marched across the 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 83 

line, halted just beyond it, wheeled about by threes, halted, 
and dressed as before. 

223. The Major may direct the guides to be posted in 
an oblique direction; the movement will be executed in 
the same manner, the designated Canton conforming to 
the line established by the guides. 

To March in Route Step and at Base. 

224. To march in the route step and at ease and to re- 
sume the attention are executed as prescribed in the School 
of the Cantbn. When marching in column of subdivisions 
the guides maintain the trace and distance. 

In route marches the Major, Adjutant, and Sergeant 
Major march at the head of the column; the band in front 
of the leading Canton; the Captains at the head or rear 
of their Cantons, as directed by the Major. 

Being in Line, to Advance in Line of Cantons in 
Colnmns of Threes. 

225. i. Cantons. 2. Right (or left) forward. 3. Threes 
right (or left). 4. March. 5. Guide Right (left or center). 

Each Canton executes right forward, threes right; the 
guides preserve the interval necessary to form front into 
line, and march abreast of the guide indicated. 

226. The line of columns of threes is put in march, 
halted, marched to the rear, and at the oblique by the 
same commands and means as the battalion in line. 

Marching; in Line of Cantons in Columns of Threes, 
to Gain Ground to the Right or Left and Front. 

227. i. Cantons. 2. Column half right (or half left). 3. 
March. 



84 



PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 



To resume the original direction: i. Cantons. 2. Col- 
umn half left (or half right). 3. March. 

The Cantons regulate their movements by those of the 
Canton toward which the movement is made, as when 
obliquing. On resuming the direct march the guide is 
again announced. 

Marching in Line of Cantons in Columns of Threes, 
to Change Direction. 

228. I. Change direction to the right (or left). # 2. March. 
3. Battalion. 4. Halt; or, 3. Guide right {left or center). 



^7 



«fl 



«=*^ jf 



A' 



At 



// 



The first Canton changes direction to the right; the 
other Cantons are conducted by the shortest line to their 
places abreast of the first. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 85 

If marching in double time or in quick time and the 
command be double time, the Captain of the first Canton 
cautions: Quick time; the other Cantons execute the move- 
ment in double time, and on arriving abreast of the first 
Canton their Captains command: I. Quick time. 2. 
March. During the movement the guide is on the side 
toward which the change is made; on its completion the 
Major announces the guide. If the command halt be given 
during the execution of the movement, only those Can- 
tons halt that have arrived in place; the others successively 
halt upon arriving on the line. 

Marching; in Line of Cantons in Columns of Threes, 
to Form Line. 

229. i. Cantons. 2. Right (or left), front into line. 3. 
March. 4. Battalion. 5. Halt. 

Each Canton executes right front into line. 

The command halt is given when the leading threes have 
advanced Canton distance. 

If executed in double time, the Major announces the 
guide immediately after the command march. 

Marching in Column of Threes, to Form Front into 
Line of Cantons in Columns of Threes. 

230. i. Right (or left) front into line of Cantons in columns 
of threes. 2. March. 

The Captain of the first Canton cautions: Continue the 
march; the other Captains command: Column half right; 
the first Canton, having advanced Canton distance, is 



86 



PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 



n 



halted; when the other Cantons have gained full intervals 
they execute column half left, and halt abreast of the first 

Canton. If at a halt, each 
Captain gives the com- 
mands necessary for put- 
ting his Canton in march. 
In advancing in line of 
columns of threes the in- 
tervals between guides at 
full and close interval are 
the same as the full and 
close distance in column. 

To form at close interval 
the Major adds at close in- 
terval to the first com- 
mand: the movement is 
executed in the same man- 
ner, except that the inter- 
val is eight paces. 



i>' 



*/ 



// 



// 



// 



Marching in Column of Threes, to Form on Right or 
Left into Line of Cantons in Colnmns of Threes. 

231. i. On right (or left) into line of Cantons in columns of 
threes. 2. March. 

The first Canton executes column right, advances Can- 
ton distance and twelve paces in the new direction and is 
halted; each of the other Cantons marches beyond the 
preceding Canton, executes column right when opposite 
its place, and is halted abreast of the first Canton. If at 
a halt, Captains give the commands necessary for putting 
their Cantons in march. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 87 

Marching in Line of Cantons in Columns of Threes, to 
March in Column of Cantons to the Right or Left. 

232. 1. Threes right (or left). 2. March. 3. Guide right 
(or left). 

Being in Column of Cantons, to March in Line of Can- 
tons in Columns of Threes to the Right or Left. 

233. I. Threes right (or left). 2. March. 3. Guide right 
(left, or center). 

Marching in Column of Threes, to March in Line of 
Cantons in Columns of Threes to the Right or Left. 

234. i. Cantons. 2. Column right (or left). 3. March. 
4. Guide right (left or center). 

To march again in column of threes: 1. Cantons. 2. 
Column right (or left). 3. March. 

Being in Column of Cantons, to Form Column of 
Threes and to Form Again in Column of Cantons. 

2 35- !• Cantons. 2. Right (or left) forward. 3. Threes 
right (or left). 4. March. 

To form again in column: 1. Cantons. 2. Right (or left) 
front into line. 3. March. 4. Battalion. 5. Halt; or, if 
executed in double time. 4. Guide left (or right). 

The Cantons execute these movements simultaneously. 

236. All the movements prescribed in Paragraphs 224 to 
235 may be executed by platoons, substituting platoons for 
Cantons in the commands and explanations. 

Advancing in Line of Cantons in Columns of Threes, 
to Close and Extend Intervals. 

237. To close intervals: 1. On (such) Canton close inter- 
vals. 2. March. 3. Battalion. 3. Halt; or, 3. Guide right 
(left or center). 



88 



PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 



9^ «ru cu, cv, 



in In 






The Captain of the designated Canton cautions: Con- 
tinue the march, the Captains to the right command: Col- 
umn half left; those to the left: Column half right. 

The designated Canton 
halts at the fourth com- 
mand; the other Cantons 
incline toward it until they 
gain the close interval, when 
by command of their Cap- 
tains they change direction, 
y\ half right or half left, march 
to the front and halt on 
arriving abreast of the one 
designated. 

If marching in double time or in quick time and the 
command be double time, the Captain of the designated 
Canton cautions: quick time; the other Cantons move in 
double time, and when they arrive abreast of the desig- 
nated Canton take quick time. 

Intervals are extended, gaining ground to the front, on 
the same principles: I. On (sucJi) Canton extend intervals. 
2. March. 3. Battalion. 4. Halt, or 3. Guide right (left 
or center). 

To Close Intervals without Gaining Ground to the 
Front. 

238. The Major wheels the battalion by threes into col- 
umn of Cantons, the column is then closed, as in Par. 240, 
after which the battalion is wheeledby threes into line of 
columns of threes. 

Intervals may be extended on the same principles. 

The battalion is wheeled by threes into close column, 
and full distance taken as in Par. 241, after which the 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 89 

battalion is wheeled by threes into line of columns of 
threes. 

Close Column or in Mass. 

239. The distance between the Cantons in close column 
is eight paces. 

Being in Colnnin of Cantons at Fall Distance, and at 
a Halt, to Form Close Colnnin. 

240. i. Close in mass. 2. Guide right (or left). 3. March. 
The Captain of the first Canton cautions: Stand fast, the 

other Captains command: 1. Forward. 2. Guide right. 

The rear Cantons move forward; each is ? 

halted when it arrives at eight paces from the 4 - —. 

one that precedes it; each Captain establishes . 
his guide and dresses his Canton to the right. 

If marching, the Major omits the command 
for the guide and the Captains of the rear 
Cantons omit the commands for putting them 
in march. , 

At the command march, the first Canton is 
halted. 

If marching in quick time, and the com- 
mand be double time, the Captain of the first ** ? 
Canton cautions it to advance in quick time; each of the 
other Captains command: 1. Quick time. 2. March, upon 
closing to eight paces. 

If marching in double time, the movement is executed 
in the same manner; the Captain of the first Canton com- 
mands: Quick time, at the first command of the Major. 

To arrest the march during the execution of the move- 
ment: 1. Battalion. 2. Halt. 

Only those Cantons halt that have closed to eight paces; 



90 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

the other Cantons halt successively at the commands of 
their Captains, upon closing to eight paces. 

To close the column on the rearmost Canton, the Major 
wheels the battalion about by threes; the column is then 
closed as before; when closed, the battalion is again 
wheeled about by threes. 

Being in Close Column, to take Full Distance. 

241. Being at a halt: 1. Take full distance. 2. Guide 
right (or left). 3. March. 

The Captain of the first Canton commands: 1. Forward. 
2. Guide right. 

Each of the other Captains commands: 1. Forward. 2. 
Guide right. 3. March, when his company is at full dis- 
tance. 

If marching, the Major omits the command for the 
guide. 

If marching in quick time the Captains of the Cantons 
in rear of the first halt them at the command march, and 
put them in march as above explained. 

If marching in quick time and the command be double 
time, the Captain of the first Canton commands double 
time, the other Captains caution their Cantons to continue 
the quick time, and successively command: 1. Double time. 
2. March, when at full distance. 

If marching in double time, the first Canton advances 
in double time; the Captains of the other Cantons com- 
mand: Quick time, at the first command of the Major, and 
successively command: 1. Double time. 2. March, when 
at full distance. 

To form line to or on the right or left, the Major first 
causes the column to take full distance. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 91 

To Ploy into Close Column. 

242. Close column is always ployed with the designated 
or leading Canton in front. 

The Adjutant or Sergeant Major nearest the designated 
Canton places himself in front of the leading guide and 
assures the position of the other guides. 

Being, in Line, to Ploy into Close Column. 

243. Being at a halt: I. Close column on first Canton. 2. 
Threes right. 3. March. 



The Captain of the first Canton commands: 1. For- 
ward. 2. Guide left. 

The first Canton advances twelve paces, is halted and 
dressed to the left; the other Cantons execute threes right. 

The Captain of the second Canton halts in rear of the 
left of the first, and when his rear three passes him, forms 
line to the left, halts the Canton, establishes his left guide 
eight paces in rear of the left guide of the first, and dresses 
his Canton to the left. 

The other Cantons incline to the right and each marches 
by the shortest line to a point eight paces in rear of the 
left guide of the preceding Canton, inclines to the left and 
executes what has been prescribed for the second Canton. 

The close column is ployed on the fourth company, by 
similar commands and means. The Cantons are dressed 
to the right. 

If marching, the Captain of the designated Canton cau- 
tions: Continue the march; the movement is executed as 
explained. 



92 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

Being: in Column of Threes, to Ploy into Close 
Column, Faced to tlie Front. 

244. i. Close column. 2. First Canton. 3. Column right 
(or left). 4. March. 

The first Canton* executes column right and the leading 
guide having advanced twelve paces in the new direction, 
the Captain halts and as his rear three passes him, forms 
line to the left, halts the Canton, and dresses it to the left. 

Each of the other Cantons moves forward and executes 
column right, so as to enter the column eight paces in 
rear of the preceding Canton, forms line to the left and 
is dressed to the left. 

If at a halt, each Captain gives the commands necessary 
to put his Canton in march. 

Close column may be formed in an oblique direction on 
the same principles by substituting the command: 3. Col- 
umn half right (or half left), for 3. Column right (or left). 

245. To form the close column faced to the rear, the 
Major adds: Faced to the rear after close column, in his 
commands. 

The movement is executed as just explained, except that 
the Cantons in rear of the first successively enter the col- 
umn beyond the point where the first changed direction, 
and each Captain forms his Canton in line to the right or 
left, and dresses it to the right or left according as the 
Canton changed direction to the right or left. 

Being; in Colnmn of Threes, to Ploy into Close 
Column. Faced to the Right or Left. 

246. i. Close column. 2. First Canton. 3. Threes right 
(or left). 4. March. 

The first Canton executes threes right, the Captain com- 
mands: Guide right, and the Canton having advanced eight 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 93 

paces in the new direction is halted and dressed to the 
right; the other Cantons form close column as prescribed 
in Par. 243. 

If at a halt, Captains give the commands necessary for 
putting their Cantons in march. 

Being; in Close Column, to Form Colnmn of Threes. 

247. Being at a halt: i. Column of threes. 2. First Can- 
ton. 3. Right (or left) forward. 4. Threes right (or left). 
5. March. 

The first Canton executes right forward, threes right. 

Each of the other Cantons executes the same movement 
in time to follow the one preceding. 

The Major may command: I. Columns of threes. 2. 
First (or fourth) Canton. 3. Threes right (or left). 4. 
March. 

The designated Canton executes threes right. Each of 
the other Cantons executes threes right, or right forward, 
threes right, in time to follow the one preceding. 

Movements in Close Colnmn. 

248. A close column advances, halts, obliques, marches 
by the flank and resumes the march in column, faces to 
the rear, marches to the rear, changes direction, gains 
ground to the right or left when marching by the flank 
and resumes the original direction, by the same command 
and means as a column at full distance. 

Being- in Close Colnmn, to Change Direction by the 

Flank. 

249. i. Change direction by the right (or left) flank. 2. 
Threes right (or left). 3. March. 



94 



PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 



I. Right 



The Captain of the first Canton commands: 
forward. 2. Threes right. 

The first Canton executes right for- 
ward, threes right; the Captain, as the 
rear three completes its wheel to the 
front, forms the Canton in line to the 
left, halts it and dresses it to the left. X ~ zti//// 
The other Cantons execute threes right * £~ ~" *'///'/ 

and direct their march so as to enter < >// 

the new column eight paces in rear of ^ -*' 

and parallel with the preceding Canton; each Captain 
halts when opposite the left guide of the preceding Canton 
and allows his Canton to march past him, forms it in line 
to the left and addresses it to the left. 

The first Canton may, by order of the Major, be inclined 
at any angle to the original front. By this method any 
direction may be given to a close column. 

250. The close column marching by the flank changes 
direction by the same commands and means as when at 
full intervals. (Par. 228). 



To Deploy tlie Close Column. 



251. Being at a halt: 
(or left). 3. March. 



le*=^ 



i. Deploy column. 2. Threes right 




The Captain of the first Canton cautions: Stand fast. 
The first Canton is dressed to the left: the others exe- 
cute threes right; each Captain halts when two paces be- 






REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 95 

yond the right of the preceding Canton, and as the rear 
of his Canton passes him wheels it by threes to the left 
halts it near the line and dresses it to the left. 

If marching, the Captain of the first Canton halts it at 
the command march: the movement is executed as before. 

252. To deploy the column faced to the rear without first 
causing to wheel about by fours, the Major adds the com- 
mand: Faced to the rear, after deploy column. 

The movement is executed as already explained, except 
that each Canton marches just beyond the line, halts, and 
then wheels about by threes, after which it is dressed to- 
ward the point of rest. 

Movements by Platoons. 

253. The Major may form the battalion in column of 
platoons to the right or left, form line from column of 
platoons to the right or left, form column of threes from 
column of platoons, and the reverse, by the commands and 
means prescribed in the School of the Canton. 

Being; in Column of Cantons, at Full Distance, to 
Break into Column of Platoons, 

254. i. Right (or left) by platoons. 2. March. 3. Guide 
left (or right). 

Executed by each Canton as in Par. 147. 

To reform the Cantons: 1. Form Cantons. 2. Right (or 
left) oblique. 3. March. 4. Battalion. 5. Halt; or, 4. 
Guide left (or right). 

Executed by each Canton as in Paragraph 148, except 
that when executed in quick time the chiefs of the leading 
platoons do not halt them till the command halt from the 
Major. 

255. Distances are taken and closed in column of pla- 
toons as in column of Cantons. 



g6 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

Being in March in Colmnn of Platoons, to Form on 
Right or Left into Line. 

256. I. On right (or left) into line. 2. March. 

The first Canton executes on right into line (Par. 145), 
halting at the guides (Par. 193, a and c); the other Can- 
tons march beyond the first, each Captain commanding: 
1. On right into line. 2. March, upon arriving opposite 
his place in line. 

If executed from a halt, the Captains of Cantons in rear 
of the first command: 1. Forward. 2. Guide right. 

Marching in Colnmn of Platoons, to Form Front 
into Line. 

257. Right (or left) front into line. 2. March. 

The Captain of the first Canton commands: 1. Form 
Canton. 2, Right oblique; the other Captains command: 
Column half right. The first Canton is halted and dressed 
to the left against the guides: each of the other Cantons 
executes column half right, advances in the new direction 
until the left of its first platoon is opposite its place in 
line, when the Canton changes direction half left, and 
when at platoon distance from the line forms Canton as 
prescribed for the first Canton. 

If executed from a halt, the Captains of Cantons in rear 
of the first command: 1. Forward. 2. Guide left. 3. Col- 
umn half right. 

To Form Line of Platoon Columns. 

258. A platoon column is a Canton in column of pla- 
toons. 

The full interval between Cantons in line of platoon 
columns is platoon front and two paces; the close interval 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES; 



97 



is eight paces; full interval is taken unless close is speci- 
fied in the commands. 

259. Advancing in line of platoon columns, intervals are 
closed and extended by the commands and means pre- 
scribed in Par. 237. 

To close intervals without gaining ground to the front: 
1. On (such) Cantons, close intervals. 2. March. 

The designated Canton stands fast. 

Each of the other Cantons moves by the flank toward 
the designated Canton, inclining slightly to the rear, and 
when at twelve paces from the preceding Canton is wheeled 
by threes to the front and halted and dressed on the line 
of the designated Canton. 

Intervals are extended on' the same principles. 

Being: in Line to Advance in Line of Platoon Columns 
with Fnll Intervals. 

260. i. Cantons. 2. Right (or left) by platoons. 3. March. 
4. Guide right (left or center). 




The Captains announce the guide on the flank toward 
the base Canton; if the guide be center, the Captain of the 
right center Canton cautions: Guide left. 

261. The line of platoon columns advances, halts, faces 
to the rear, marches to the rear and changes direction by 
the same commands and means as prescribed for a line of 
columns of threes. 

7 , i 



98 



PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 



Being: in Line of Platoon Columns, to Form Line. 

262. i. Form Cantons. 2. Right (or left) oblique. 3. 
March. 4. Battalion. 5. Halt; or, 4. Guide center. 

Executed by each Canton as in Par. 148. 
If executed in double time, the Major commands: Guide 
center, as soon as the rear platoons arrive on the line. 

Being; in Line of Platoon Columns, to Form Column 
of Cantons to the Rigrnt or Left. 

263. i. Platoons right (or left). 2. March. 

Being; in Column of Cantons at Full Distance, to Form 
Line of Platoon Columns to the Right or Left. 

264. i. Platoons right (or left). 2. March. 

Marching; in Line of Platoon Columns, to Form Col- 
umn of Platoons to the Riglit or Left. 

265. 1. Cantons. 2. Column right (or left). 3. March. 
4. Guide right (or left). 

To march again in line of platoon columns: 1. Cantons. 
2. Column right (or left). 3. March. 4. Guide right (left 
or center). 

Being; in Column of Platoons, to Form on Right or 
Left into Line of Platoon Columns. 

266. 1. On right (or left) into line of platoon columns. 2. 
March. 



^- 



TTl 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 99 

The first Canton changes direction to the right, and 
when the leading platoon has advanced Canton distance, 
the Captain commands: i. Canton. 2. Halt. 

Each of the other Cantons marches beyond the preced- 
ing Canton, changes direction, and forms on its left at the 
proper interval. 

Being in Column of Platoons, to Form Front into 
Line of Platoon Columns. 

267. i. Right (or left) front into line of platoon columns. 
2. March. 

The first Canton advances Canton distance, is halted and 
dressed to the left; each of- the other Cantons executes 
column half right, advances in the new direction until the 
left of its first platoon is opposite its place in line, when 
the Canton changes direction half left, and when abreast 
of the first Canton is halted and dressed to the left. 

To March the Line of Platoon Columns by the Flank. 

268. i. Threes right (or left). 2. March. 3. Guide right 
(or left). 

To march again in line of platoon columns: 1. Threes 
right (or left). 2. March. 3. Guide right (left or center). 

Marching by the Flank, to Form Line of Cantons in 
Columns of Threes. 

269. 1. Platoons. 2. Column right (or left). 3. March. 
4. Guide right (left or center). 

Being in Column of Threes, to Form Front into Line 
of Platoon Columns. 

270. i. Right (or left) front into line of platoon columns. 
2. March. 



100 



PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 



The first Canton executes platoons right front into line 
(Par. 156). The second Canton executes column right; 
when its leading guide is opposite his place in line, column 
left; and when at platoon distance from the line, platoons 
right front into line. 



* A A 



The other Cantons execute column half right, move by 
the shortest line to a point Canton plus platoon distance 
in rear of the left of their places in line, where they change 
direction half left, and at platoon distance from the line 
execute platoons right front into line. 



DISPLAY DRILL. 



271. Remarks. — Thus far the movements have been as- 
similated to the U. S. Drill Regulations, substituting threes 
for fours, dispensing with file closers, causing the Lieuten- 
ant and Ensign to perform the double duty of Lieutenants 
and Sergeants, and providing for a Standard Guard. 

The movements which follow are in harmony with the 
principles laid down. 

As it is not desirable to describe minutely every detail 
that may arise in the movement of a Canton, the Com- 
mandant will use his discretion in supplying any detail 
or omission. His decision should be final in any case 
not supplied by the Drill Regulation. 

The Standard Bearer may carry the Standard, dispens- 
ing with others of the Guard, but his movements will be 
similar to those of the Full Guard. If the Standard Bearer 
does not carry the Standard, the Guard should fall in as 
other Chevaliers. 

In small Cantons the commands of the chiefs of small 
subdivisions, in the display drill, may be dispensed with, 
if so directed. Their commands are chiefly cautions. 

How to Determine Position in Column. 

272. Sixes being counted, numbers 1, 2 and 3 constitute 
the right (or "odd") three; and numbers 4, 5 and 6 form 
the left (or " even ") three of sections. In forming col- 



102 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

umn of twos, as explained for wheeling by threes, an odd 
and even number constitute each two, thus : In twos right, 
march, numbers one and two of the right section, form 
the first two; numbers three and four the second two, and 
so on. 

To Form Column of Threes by a Flank Movement 
from Colnmn of Files. 

273. Being in march: 1. Left (or right) Hank by threes. 
2. March. 

At the first command the Lieutenant places himself 
twelve inches to the left of number three of the leading 
three, faced in the direction toward 
which the column is marching. At 
the command march both the Lieu- 
tenant and the leading three march 
1111111 ras^ ^ tne j e f t flank; the others move 

forward until each three in succession has gained the 
ground from which the first three marched by the flank, 
when it executes the same movement, follows in trace of 
the three next in its front, and maintains its proper dis- 
tance in the column. The Ensign turns to the left, follow- 
ing the left file of the rear three. 

To Form in Line, Faced to the Rear, from Colnmn of 
Threes. 

274. i. Right (or left) front into line faced to rear. 2. 
March. 3. Canton. 4. Halt. 5. Front. 

The movement is executed as previously explained for 
right front into line, except that at the command halt, the 
leading three wheel left about on a fixed pivot and dresses 



r 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 103 



toward the point of rest; ^ — ^ — ><""><"*'* — x 

the other threes success- f f \f \f \f \ \ 

ively wheel about on the ^H^*~f* Hp T^* np * B ^ ! 

same line and dress as be- } , , j ! f A ^ 

1 1 



enc' S 



fore explained. ^^ ^f 

A similar movement may 

be made from column of ' ' > '^ ,/ ^"^ 

sections, except that the i ^ ^ \ * '' /' 

sections do not halt until /^^ 

three yards beyond the line; ^ 

the sections are then wheeled, threes left about, by the 

chiefs; the Captain verifies the alignment, and commands 

FRONT. 

This will reverse the order o! threes, but the following 
consecutive movements will place them in their original 
position in column of sections: 

Form column of threes, by the commands threes right or 
right forward threes right, etc., then form sections right 
oblique, hereafter explained. 

To Form Line by Two Movements from Column of 
Threes. 

275. A part of the column having changed direction to 
the right, to form line to the left, the Captain commands: 
1. Threes left. 2. Rear threes left front into line. 3. March. 

Those threes which have changed direction execute threes 
left, halt and dress to the right, at the command of the 
chief of the leading platoon; the rear threes execute left 
front into line, and dress upon the established line at com- 
mand of the chief of the rear platoon; at the completion of 
the movement the Captain commands front. 



104 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

To Form Line, Faced to the Rear, by Two Movements. 

2j6. A part of the column of threes, having changed di- 
rection to the right as before, the Captain commands: I. 
Threes right. 2. Rear threes left front into line, faced to rear. 
3. March. 

The threes which have changed direction wheel to the 
right, halt and dress to the left; the rear threes execute left 
front into line, faced to rear, obliquing far enough to the 
left of their places in line that in wheeling about they shall 
come squarely up to their proper positions and dress on 
the new alignment. 

At the completion of the movement the Captain com- 
mands FRONT. 

If the column has changed direction to the left, the line 
is formed to the right by inverse command, thus: 1. 
Threes left. 2. Rear threes right front into line, etc. 

To Change Front. 

277. Being in line: 1. Change front on right (or left) 
three. 2. Threes right (or left). 3. March. 4. Canton. 5. 
Halt. 6. Front. 

At the third command the threes wheel to the right; the 
Lieutenant quickly places himself on the right of the first 
three and, with it, moves straight to the front; the others 
oblique to the left and successively march to the front 
when opposite to their places in line. The command halt 
is given when the leading three has advanced Canton dis- 
tance, and the movement is completed as in left front into 
line. 

278. 1. Change front forward on right (or left) three. 2. 
Threes right (or left). 3. March. 4. Canton. 5. Halt. 
6. Front. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 105 

At the command march, the threes wheel to the right; 
the first three advances a distance equal to its front, 
halts at the fifth command and 
dresses to the right; the other 
threes advance until they execute 
the same movement as in right '{' 

forward, threes right, wheeling to *X 

the left from the ground traversed •" 

by the right three in its wheel to j ,X 

the right, and the movement is _^.. ; ^..-.^. 

then completed as in on right into * •/ \f* \/ y 
line. f m i' \ 1 f 1 1 Ti i f -.- 

To Form Line on the Standard Guard from Column 
of Threes. 

279. i. On Standard into line. 2. Threes right about. 3. 
Rear threes, left front into line. 4. March. 

At the fourth command the 

threes in front of the stand- 

' \.\-K \ ard wheel to the right about, 

\ _ X and execute left front into line, 

X^</^ r r 11-- 1 

i i 1 ) •<$/>&. ^\ faced to rear, obliquing to the 

left of their places in line a 

\ \ distance equal to their front, 
^^^^^^p>^^^ ^. j SQ that in wheeling about 

v \ \& \/ y after passing the new line, 
\ ^>0& ^*"—'' ***** they shall be opposite their 

places and not lap over on the 
\xv^>\ Standard Guard. 

The rear threes execute left 
front into line as before explained. 

If in march, the Ch. St. Gd., at the fourth command, 
orders his guard to halt. Dress on the center. 



106 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

To Wheel about the Standard from Column of Piles. 

280. Being in march: 1. On Standard left wheel. 2. By 
the left and right Hanks. 3. March. 

At the command march, given as the left foot strikes 
the ground, the Standard Bearer advances, plants the right 
foot and halts; the Chevaliers in his front execute by the 
left flank, and immediately commence the left wheel about 
him. The Chevaliers in rear of the Standard face to the 
right into line, and commence the left wheel about the 
Standard, each wing being careful to preserve the align- 
ment with the other. When the wheels are nearly com- 
pleted the Commandant commands: 1. Left wing to the 
rear. 2. March. 3. Canton. 4. Halt. 5. Center. 6. 
Dress. At the command halt, given as the right foot 
strikes the ground, the right wing halts; the left wing 
executes to the rear march, bringing the left foot to the side 
of the right, and halts; the Standard Bearer faces about 
and the line is dressed on the center or either flank. 

To Wheel into Line from Column of Threes. 

281. i. Threes left (or right). 2. Left (or right) wheel. 
3. March. 4. Canton. 5. Halt. 6. Right (or left). 7. 
Dress. 8. Front; or, 4. Forward. 5. March. 6. Guide 
right (or left). 

The threes wheel to the left; and the instant they are 
united in line the Canton wheels to the left on a movable 
pivot as before explained, and is halted or marched for- 
ward, as indicated by the commands. 

To Form Colnmn of Sections. 

282. i. Sections right (or left) wheel. 2. March. 3. Can- 
ton. 4. Halt. 5. Left (or right). 6. Dress. 7. Front. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 107 

Being in line at a halt. At the first command the Lieu- 
tenant moves to a place about forty-four inches in front 
of the point where the left file of the leading section will 
rest, and faces to the left (rear of column); the Ensign 
marches straight forward, halts and faces to the right, each 
being at the same distance in front of the line, facing each 
other. At the second command each section wheels to the 
right on a fixed pivot, the Standard Guard wheels to the 
center of the column between the sections which were on 
its right and left before the movement commenced. 

At the command halt, given as the sections approach the 
quarter circle, the left files step promptly up to the place 
where the left of their section will rest and on a line be- 
tween the Lieutenant and Ensign, facing the Lieutenant, 
each opposite the chief of his section, perpendicular to its 
former position; the Lieutenant and Ensign see that the 
guides cover each other; the chiefs of sections, without 
moving out of their places, superintend the alignment of 
their sections, the commands being given by the Captain. 

At the seventh command the Lieutenant in front faces 
about and the officer in rear closes up to forty-four inches 
from the left file of the rearmost section. 

If marching: The Lieutenant and Ensign hasten to 
their places to superintend the wheeling, as before; the 
pivots halt, mark time in their places, and conform to the 
movements of the marching flanks. Chiefs of sections, 
from their places on the right, occasionally turning the 
head, see that in all movements their sections keep dressed 
and preserve the proper step and distance, the cautions be- 
ing given in a low tone of voice, and only when necessary. 



108 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

To Wheel in Column of Sections from Line, and 
Advance without Halting*. 

283. I. Continue the march. 2. Sections right (or left) 
wheel. 3. March. 4. Forward. 5. March. 6. Guide right 
(or left). 

The sections wheel as before, except that the Lieutenant 
and Ensign take their places in the column, and the Cap- 
tain gives the fourth command in time to add march the 
instant the sections arrive at the perpendicular from the 
former front. 

To Form Column of Sections from Column of Threes. 

284. Being in march: 1. Form sections. 2. Left (or right) 
oblique. 3. March. 4. Guide left (or right). 

At the third command the odd threes take a short step 
and mark time; the even threes oblique to the left, until 
opposite their places in section, when they resume the for- 
ward. The Captain gives the fourth command the instant 
the threes are united in sections, and all take the full step. 

If the threes are reversed, that is, when the odd become 
the even threes in the column of threes, sections are formed 
upon the same principles, but to the right. The com- 
mand being: 1. Form sections. 2. Right oblique, etc. Or, 
1. By section. 2. Threes right. 3. March. Explained be- 
low. 

To Form Column of Sections to the Left or Right, 
from Column of Threes. 

285. Being in column of threes, marching, the Com- 
mandant commands: 1. By section. 2. Threes left (or 
right). 3. March. 

At the second command the Lieutenant quickly places 
himself on the left of the second three. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 109 

At the command march, the Lieutenant advances and 
wheels in front of the file ta 

on his right; the leading u^mmmma ^i^m , 

and second three wheel to J 

*: t 

the left on movable pivots, j; 

uniting in section on the m m -^ -« -i"''^. 4. 

completion of the wheel I 1 I 1 _T '^ 

and marching perpendicu- ^ — -* -^ -I--*;:- — -'* 

larly to their former direction. The other threes advance 
and, by section, execute the same movement on the same 
ground; the Standard Guard advances and wheels to the 
left in rear of the center of the section in its front. The 
Ensign shortens his steps as the rear threes wheel and fol- 
lows in the column of sections as explained before. 

To Break into Column of Threes from Column of 
Sections. 

286. i. Right, by threes. 2. March. 3. Guide left (or 
right). 

At the command march, the right threes move straight 
forward; the left threes, as soon as disengaged, oblique to 
the right into column of threes, the Lieutenant and Ensign 
and Standard Guard also obliquing to their places; and 
the threes that oblique resume the forward without com- 
mand, as soon as the left file of the three has gained the 
trace of the leading guides. 

To halt after the formation of the column, the Captain 
immediately commands after march, Canton, and adds halt 
the instant the left files of the obliquing threes have gained 
the rear of the left files of the threes in their front. The 
column halts, and those that obliqued face to the front. 



110 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

To Form Column of Threes to the Right or Left, from 
Column of Sections. 

287. Being in march: 1. By section. 2. Threes right (or 
left). 3. March. 

At the second command the Lieutenant quickly places 
himself twenty-one inches in front of 
the left file of the right three; at the 
command march he wheels to the 
right, as if he was the marching flank 

|_ „_ - of a rank of three leading the column; 

the threes of the leading section exe- 
1 I cute threes right, following the trace 

' of the Lieutenant; the rear sections 

rc&z&sirtzzzza march forward, and each in succes- 

sion executes the same movement from the same ground. 
The Standard Guard wheels on the same ground to its 
place in the column; the Ensign closes to his place, 
twenty-one inches from the left file of the three in rear. 

To March in Line. 

288. Before the movement of threes from column of 
section is completed, command: . 1. Threes left. 2. Rear 
section forzvard, and add 3. March, the instant the rear- 
most section is about to wheel by threes; the threes that 
have changed direction execute threes left; the rear section 
marches straight forward, and as the line is formed, the 
Captain commands, guide right (or left). The Standard 
Guard wheels as a rank of three. 

289. Or, line may be formed thus: 1. Threes left. 2. 
Rear sections left front into line. 3. Double time. 4. March. 
5. Guide right. Or, 5. Canton. 6. Halt. 7. Right. 8. 
Dress. 9. Front. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. Ill 

And the movement is executed upon the principles be- 
fore explained; the sixth command being given when the 
right threes have advanced Platoon distance. 

To Forni Columns of Tlirees from Column of Sections 
and March to tlie Rear. 

290. i. Threes right and left about. 2. March. 3. Guide 
center. 

At the second command the right threes execute the 
right about, and the left threes the left about, on fixed pivots, 
the Standard Guard executes the movement to the rear, 
march, and regulates its steps so as to maintain its place; 
the Lieutenant turns to the right, and places himself di- 
rectly in the rear (after the about) of the Standard Bearer, 
advancing quickly until he is abreast of and between the 
rearmost threes. The Ensign also turns himself to the 
right and places himself on a line with the Lieutenant and 
Standard Bearer, and abreast of and between the leading 
threes. The Captain marches two yards in front of the 
Ensign. The threes of each section carefully preserve 
section distance and the alignment with each other. 

1. Form sections. 2. Threes right and left about. 3. 
March. 4. Guide left. 

At the command march the threes wheel about on fixed 
pivots, re-uniting the sections, the guard executing to the 
rear, march, as before, the Lieutenant and Ensign resume 
their places, and the guide is then announced. Or, 

291. 1. By threes. 2. Front to rear. 3. March. 4. Guide 
center. 

Being in column of sections, marching. 
At the third command the threes of the leading section 
wheel from the center right and left about and march to the 



112 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

late rear, the pivots describing circles whose radii are 

twelve inches; the others advance 

.-*' "-. and the threes of each section in 

V \ succession execute the same move- 



i i I 



Tment on the same ground, thus 

mai forming the columns of threes. 

,,,,,,, The Standard Guard will advance 

~~ and wheel about, on the same 

V/!immm ground into the column that 

i i i i i cj wheeled to the right; the Lieuten- 

Eiim^ ^^^ant and Ensign place themselves 

\ \ twenty-once inches in front of the 

left files of the leading threes, the 

Lieutenant in advance of the column that wheeled to the 

right about, and the Ensign taking his place in the lead 

of the other column as it passes. The Captain marches 

between and on a line with the Lieutenant and Ensign at 

the head of the column. 

i. Form sections. 2. Front to rear. 3. March. 
This is given after the columns of threes are formed, as 
just explained, as soon as the heads of the column have 
passed the rearmost section, or may be deferred. At the 
third command the leading threes wheel about toward the 
center, unite in section and march toward their former 
rear; the others in succession execute the same movement 
on the same ground, following in column of sections; the 
officers resume their places, and the Standard Guard, after 
wheeling, obliques to its place in the center. 

. To Close Sections to Half Distance or in Mass. 

292. Being in column: 1. To half (or such) distance 
close column. 2. March. 

At the command march the leading section stands fast, 
if at a halt, or halts if in march, at the caution of its chief; 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 1 13 

the others advance and successively halt at the given dis- 
tance and are promptly dressed at the command of the 
chiefs of the sections. 

293. If in line, command: 1. To half (or such) distance 
close column. 2. Sections right (or left) wheel. 3. March. 

At the third command the sections wheel to the right 
and the leading section is. halted and dressed by its chief; 
the others advance on completing the wheel, and the move- 
ment is completed as before explained. 

These movements may be executed in double time; then 
the leading section continues the march in quick time 
after the wheel is completed; the others close successively 
to half distance and take the step and cadence, from the 
guide in their front, at the command quick time, march, by 
the chief of their section. 

To Take Wheeling Distance from Column of Sections 
in Mass, etc. 

294. i. Take wheeling distance. 2. March. 

At the second command the leading section marches for- 
ward, at the caution of its chief; the others halt, if in 
march, or stand fast if at a halt, and successively take up 
the march, at the command of their chiefs, when the 
designated distance is gained. 

To Form Colnmn of Sections, Forward from Line. 

295. i. Center forward. 2. Threes left and right. 3. 
March. 4. Guide right (or left). 

At the second command the Lieutenant places himself 
in front of the left file of the center section. At the com- 
mand march the center section and Lieutenant move 
straight forward; the threes of the right wing execute left 
8 



114 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

forward, threes left, and those of the left wing execute right 
forward, threes right; the Ensign follows the column of 
threes on the left, falling back to his place in column of 
sections, as the rear threes unite in section. 

If the Standard Guard is present, the Lieutenant places 
himself in front of its left file and the Guard and Lieu- 
tenant lead the movement. 

Column of sections may also be formed thus when the 
original right is the center of the line. 

To Form Line to the Front, from Column of Sections. 

296. i. Right and left front into line. 2. March. 3. Can- 
ton. 4. Halt. 5. Center. 6. Dress. 7. Front. 

At the command march the Standard Guard (or center 
section) marches straight to the front; the right threes 
execute right front into line and the left threes execute 
left front into line. 

The line may be formed in this way from column of sec- 
tions when the original center of the Canton is at the head 
of the column, and may be executed in double time on 
principles before explained. 

To Form Line by Two Movements, from Colnmn of 
Sections at Half Distance. 

297. I. Threes right (or left). 2. Left (or right) threes on 
right (or left) into line. 3. March. 4. Front. 

At the command march the right threes execute threes 
right, move forward Canton distance and the Lieutenant 
commands: 1. Right wing (or First Platoon). 2. Halt. 
3. Right. 4. Dress, and takes his place on the right. The 
left threes execute on right into line; the Ensign quickly 
placing himself in front of the leading three, commands: 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 115 

i. Left wing (or Second Platoon). 2. Halt. 3. Right. 4. 
Dress, giving the second command as the leading three 
of the left wing arrives in rear of its place in line, and 
places himself on the left, in prolongation of the line. On 
completion of the movement, the Captain commands front. 

The movement may be executed without halting, thus: 
298. 1. Threes right. 2. Left threes on right into line. 3. 
Double time. 4. March. 5. Guide right. 

The left threes execute the movement as before ex- 
plained, but in double time, taking the step and alignment 
from the right wing as they successively arrive on the line. 
The Captain commands guide right when the right threes 
have united in line, they then advance in quick time. 

To Form Line by Three Movements from Column of 
Sections. 

299. I. By section. 2. Threes right and left. 3. March. 

Being in column of sections at half distance. At the 
command march, the left three of the leading section 
wheels to the left and the right three wheels to the right, 
marching in opposite directions; the other sections advance 
and, except the one in the rear, successively execute the 
same movements from the same ground. The Lieutenant 
is in lead of the right threes, and the Ensign quickly places 
himself in lead of the left threes as before explained, when 
the movement is commenced. [If the Standard Guard is 
in the column, it does not wheel, but marches straight to 
the front and marks time on a line with the marching flanks 
of the threes that wheeled into columns right and left.] 
When the rearmost section approaches the point from 
which other sections broke into threes, the Captain com- 
mands: 



n6 



PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 



i. Form line. 2. Threes left and right. 3. March. 4. 
Guide center. 

At the second command, the chief of the section that has 
not broken cautions it to forward, and at the command 
march, given the instant the rear section has gained the 
ground from which the others wheeled by threes, this sec- 
tion marches straight forward; the threes on its left wheel 
to the right, those on the right wheel to the left into line, 




the Captain announces the guide and places himself two 
yards in front of the center of the line. 

If the Standard Guard is present the command march 
is given so that the rearmost section may break and its 
threes oblique to the right and left of the Standard Guard. 
(See cut.) 

Column of sections may then be formed, as before ex- 
plained, or by the commands: 

300. 1. Center forward. 2. Threes left and right. 3. 
March. 

If the Standard Guard is in line and it is desired to cause 
it to occupy its central place in column, the command will 
be: 1. Center forward. 2. Threes left and right. 3. Stand- 
ard Guard, post. 4. March. 5. Guide left (or right). At 
the command march the movement is executed as before, 
except that the Standard Guard steps backward to unmask 
the approaching columns; the threes of the leading section 
oblique toward the center until united in section, then 
march forward. The Standard Guard marks time and re- 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 1 17 

sumes the forward march as soon as the threes of the sec- 
tion originally in its front unite. 

The column is now left in front with the original left 
threes still on its left, the Lieutenant in advance. To cause 
the threes to occupy their original position in column of 
sections, right in front, repeat the commands for the for- 
mation of line by three movements, and the formation of 
column of sections on the center forward as before; or 
consecutive movements indicated by the following com- 
mands: i. Threes right (or left) about. 2. March. Each 
three wheels on a fixed pivot, and, re-uniting in section, the 
column marches to the late rear, then: 1. By section. 2. 
Threes left. 3. March. 

To Form Column of Twos, from Column of Sections. 

301. i. Center forward. 2. Files left and right. 3. March. 

At the command march the left threes execute right for- 
ward files right, and the right threes execute 
left forward files left; the Standard Bearer 
marches forward and the Ch. St. Gd. and 
Jr. St. Gd. form a rank of two in his rear, 
each rank maintaining the same distance. 
It now being a column of files, double rank, 
the leading files shorten the steps until the 
Commandant seeing that the rear files have 
closed to their places, commands forward, 
march, when all take the cadence step. 

To form into columns of sections again command: 

302. 1. Right and left front into sections. 2. March. 
The right files of each section execute right front into 
line, and the left files of each section execute left front into 





t 


t 

1 — I S I s — 1 — \ 



II.8 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

line, thus re-forming each section; the leading files of each 
section shorten the steps until each section is re-formed; 
when each has gained its distance commands, forward, 

MARCH. 

Similar movements from the center of double sections 
may be made by similar commands and means. 

To Wheel in Circles for Display, from Column of 
Sections. 

303. I. Threes in circle right and left wheel. 2. March. 
3. Guide left (or right). 

At* the command march the Lieutenant takes two steps 
to the front and halts; the Ensign steps backward the same 
distance and halts; the right threes wheel on fixed pivots 
to the right, numbers one marking time, and conforming 
to the movement of the marching flank; the left threes 
wheel to the left in like manner on numbers three. When 
the circles are completed and the sections re-formed, the 
column moves forward at the command for the Guide. 
The Standard Guard marks time in its place until the sec- 
tions are reformed, then marches forward. 

Great care should be taken in executing the wheels, so 
that each three will complete the quarter circle at the same 
instant; also in re-forming the sections and commencing the 
forward march, at the same instant. 

To Wheel One-half of the Sections at a Time. 

Being in march. 

304. 1. Right threes in circle, right wheel. 2. March. 
At the command march the right threes wheel as just 

described, and when completed march forward as before; 
the Standard Guard, by right side steps, places itself in rear 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 1 19 

of the wheeling threes and marks time until the circle is 
completed, then follows the three in its front. When the 
wheel is nearly completed the chief commands: i. Left 
threes in circle, left wheel, and adds, 2. March, so that the 
left threes will commence the wheel the instant the right 
threes resume the forward march. When the left threes 
complete the wheel, the sections will be re-united, if the 
movement is executed properly; the column moves for- 
ward without command and the Standard Guard obliques 
to the left into its place. 

Similar movements may be executed when marching in 
line, and by similar commands and means. 

To Advance Even Sections to the Front of Odd 
Sections in Column. 

305. i. Threes in circle, right and left wheel. 2. Even sec- 
tions forward. 3. March. 

At the command march the right threes of the first, 
third, and other odd sections wheel in circles to the right, 
and the left threes of the same sections wheel in circles to 
the left on movable pivots, each pivot Chevalier describing 
a circle whose radius is twelve inches; the second, fourth, 
and other even sections march straight forward, passing 
between the threes of the section in their front as they 
complete the half circle. The Lieutenant shortens his 
steps and moves forward; the Ensign follows the rear sec- 
tion, if it be an even section, and halts when he has gained 
the distance of two yards from the section that is wheeling 
by threes; when the movement is completed he closes to 
fifty-four inches from the left file of the rear section and 
follows the column; if the rear be an odd section, he takes 
two backward steps and halts as before. When the wheel- 



120 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

ing threes have completed their circles and re-unite in 
sections, they march forward and are careful to regain the 
proper distance if lost. 

To move the former odd, now the even, sections forward 
into their original places in column, the commands and 
movements are exactly similar to those just explained. 

[If the Standard Guard is in the column, it advances 
between the wheeling threes; the sections regulating the 
steps so as to maintain their position. The Captain com- 
mands: i. To the rear. 2. March, repeats the movement 
just explained, and again executes to the rear march, which 
brings the Standard to its original position.] 

To Deploy Column of Sections. 

Being at a halt. 

306. 1. On first section deploy column. 2. Left. 3. Face. 
4. Forward. 5. March. 6. Front. 

At the first command the Lieutenant faces about and 
places himself on the right of the first section, whose chief 
commands, stand fast, and dresses it to the right at the 
command March. The other sections face to the left at 
the third command. 

At the command march the Standard Guard and all the 
sections, except the first, being faced to the left, march 
straight forward; the chief of the second section com- 
mands: 1. By the right flank, and adds, 2. March. 3. 
Guide right the instant he is opposite his place in line. 
This section halts in rear of the line at command of its 
chief, who immediately adds, 1. Right. 2. Dress. 

The guides of the rear sections march abreast of each 
other and parallel to the second; each chief in succession 
marching his section by the right flank, and dressing it 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 121 

upon the line as described for the second section. The 
Ensign hastens to the point where the left of the line will 
rest; the Commandant superintends the alignment and 
commands front. 

If marching command: i. On first section deploy column. 
2. By the left flank. 3. March. At the third command 
the first section is halted and dressed by its chief as ex- 
plained; the rear sections and guard march by the left 
flank, and the movement is completed as before. 

307. 1. On fourth (or rear section, naming it) deploy col- 
umn. 2. Right. 3. Face. 4. Forzvard. 5. March. 6. 
Front. 

Being at a halt. 

At the first command the Lieutenant faces and marches 
to the right, halts and faces about in front of the chief of 
the first section; the Ensign hastens to place himself in 
the place vacated by the Lieutenant and faces him; the 
chief of the fourth section commands: Fourth section stand 
fast. 

At the command face the other sections face to the 
right. At the fifth command the rear section marches 
straight forward, halts one yard from the Lieutenant and 
its chief dresses it upon the Lieutenant and Ensign, the 
Lieutenant faces about marches in prolongation of the 
line, halts where the right of the Canton will rest, and 
again faces about exactly in front of the Ensign, facing 
him. In the meantime the other sections move forward, 
at the fifth command, led by their chiefs, at section dis- 
tance, parallel with each other; the rear file of the third 
section commands: 1. Third section. 2. By the left Hank, 
and adds, 3. March. 4. Guide left the instant the fourth 
section is unmasked. When within one yard from the es- 



122 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

tablished line its chief halts it and immediately commands: 
i. Third section. 2. Left. 3. Dress, when it dresses upon 
the line. 

When the Guide of the third section commands by the 
left -flank, march, the second section advances section dis- 
tance and then marches by the left flank in the same man- 
ner, and is dressed as described for the third section, and 
so on with the remaining sections. 

The Captain commands front when the movement is 
completed, and the Lieutenant and Ensign take their 
places in line. 

If marching the commands would be: 1. On fourth sec- 
tion deploy column. 2. By the right flank. 3. March. 4. 
Front. 

The fourth section continues to march straight forward 
at the caution of its chief; the others march by the right 
flank, and the movement is completed as before. 

It is of great importance in all deployments that commands 
be promptly given and distances accurately maintained. 

1. On (such a) section (or Standard Guard) deploy column. 
2. Right and left. 3. Face. 4. Forward. 5. March. 6. 
Front. 

308. Being at a halt. 

At the command march the sections in front of the des- 
ignated section, deploy to the right; those in rear deploy 
to the left. The designated section, as soon as unmasked, 
is marched forward at command of its chief to the line 
established by the Lieutenant and Ensign, as before de- 
scribed, and is dressed to the right against the Lieutenant 
and Ensign, who then face about and march in prolon- 
gation of the line, halt where the right and left of the line 
will rest, and each faces toward the other. The other sec- 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 123 

tions are dressed toward the designated section, and the 
movement is completed upon principles before explained. 
If in march, the designated section is halted in rear of 
the line; the sections in front of the designated section are 
marched by the right flank; those in rear are marched by 
the left Hank, and the movement is completed as before. 

To Form Double Sections from Column of Sections. 

309. Remarks: — The first and second sections form the 
first double section; the third and fourth sections form 
the second double section, and so on. 

The Lieutenant is chief of the leading double section, 
the Ensign chief of the one in rear. If there are three 
double sections, the Ch. St. Gd. takes command of the 
second. If there are four double sections, the Standard 
occupies the center of the second and the Ch. St. Gd. 
commands it, the Jr. St. Gd. commands the third. If 
more than four, the Ch. St. Gd. commands the center 
double section having the Standard; the Jr. St. Gd. com- 
mands the one in its rear. The Chevalier on the right acts 
as chief of double section unprovided for. When double 
sections are dissolved the chiefs resume their places. The 
Standard Guard may retain its identity and march between 
the double sections that were on its right and left if de- 
sired; or it may form the left three of a section, in which 
event it will execute the movement with its section. Or, 
the Standard Bearer alone may march as if the full guard 
was with him. These various positions are determined by 
the number of Chevaliers in line. (Par. 198.) 

Being at a halt the Captain orders. 

310. 1. Form double sections. 2. Left oblique. 3. March. 
At the second command the chiefs of the odd numbered 

sections command: 1. Forward. 2. Guide right, and the 



124 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

chiefs of the even numbered sections command left oblique. 
At the command march, repeated by the chiefs, the odd 
sections advance section distance; their chiefs command: 
i. Section. 2. Halt. 3. Right. 4. Dress. The even sec- 
tions oblique to the left, their chiefs commanding: I. 
Forward in time to add, 2. March. 3. Guide right the in- 
stant each is opposite his place in line. When one yard 
from the line, the chiefs command: 1. Section. 2. Halt. 
3. Right. 4. Dress. The chief of each double section su- 
perintends the alignment of his double section, commands 
front, and places himself two yards in front of its center. 

The Standard Guard (or Standard Bearer alone if the 
" Guard " be not with him) obliques to the center of the 
column between two double sections; or the Standard 
Bearer hastens to place himself between the two sections 
in his front (or rear) as they unite; the others of the 
guard taking post on the flanks, or taking command as 
has just been explained, and as previously may have been 
directed by the Captain. 

If in march, double sections are formed by the same 
commands and means, except: the even sections are not 
halted and dressed; the odd sections, instead of halting at 
the section distance, mark time at the command of their 
chiefs, and the chief of each double section commands: 
1. Forzi'ard, adding 2. March. 3. Guide left the instant the 
sections have joined. 

To Break into Sections from Column of Donble 
Sections. 
311. i. Right by sections. 2. March. 3. Guide left. 
At the first command each chief of double section re- 
peats Right by section, and resumes his place in column of 
sections; the chief of each right section turning his head 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 125 

toward it, but without moving out of his place, com- 
mands: First section forzvard; the chiefs of each left section 
in like manner command: i. Second section. 2. Mark time, 
repeats the command march, immediately commands right 
oblique, and adds march, so that each even section may 
commence the oblique as soon as it is disengaged, adding 
forward, guide left, march, when it has gained its place in 
column; the Captain at same instant: guide left. 

To Wheel Subdivisions and tlie Canton in Circles 
Consecutively without Halting. 

312. I. Threes in circle right (or left) wheel. 2. March. 
3. Sections in circle left (or right) wheel. 4. March. 5. 
Double-sections in circle right (or left) wheel. 6. March. 
7. Platoons in circle left (or right) wheel. 8. March. 9. In 
circle right (or left) wheel. 10. March, ii. Canton. 12. 
Halt. 13. Left. 14. Dress. 15. Front; or, 11. Forward. 
12. Guide right (or left). 13. March. 

At the second command each three wheels in a full circle 
to the right, on a fixed pivot. When the circle is nearly 
completed the third command is given in time to add 
march the instant the threes are re-united in line, and 
each section, in like manner, wheels on a fixed pivot in full 
circle. The Standard Guard so conducts its wheel on a 
movable pivot that it will exactly unite with the sections 
as the line is formed each time. When the sections are 
united in line the second time, that is, having completed 
the circle, the sixth command is given (the preparatory 
commands in each case being given so as to add the com- 
mand of execution as directed). At -this each double sec- 
tion wheels to the right in a complete circle, and on a fixed 
pivot, the Standard Guard wheeling as before but in a 
larger circle. When the doubled sections unite in line 



126 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

as the circle is completed, the eighth command is given, 
and the divisions wheel as described for double-sections, 
the Standard Guard wheeling as before described. The 
line being again re-formed, the Canton is wheeled on a 
movable pivot by theminth and tenth commands. . In all 
the wheelings the command march is given the instant the 
line is re-formed, after the circle is completed, so that 
the smaller subdivisions re-form the line after the full 
about, instantly break with the next larger subdivisions, 
continue the wheelings in the opposite, or same, direction 
and so on. 

The Lieutenant and Ensign do not wheel with the sub- 
divisions, but face and march from the center in prolon- 
gation of the line, or close toward it and face to the proper 
front on the flanks, so that when the half circle is com- 
pleted, in each wheel, except the last, they, with the sub- 
division, will, for the instant only, be in perfect line faced 
to the late rear; the Lieutenant and Ensign marking time, 
the subdivisions continuing the wheel; when they are dis- 
engaged the Lieutenant and Ensign face and retrace their 
steps, again completing the line faced to the original front 
the instant the full circles finished, and so on until the 
wheel is by Canton front, when they remain on its flanks. 

This may be executed in part, if desired, omitting such 
of the wheels as may be deemed expedient or desirable. 

To Change Direction of Colnnin of Sections (Double 
Sections or Platoons). 

313. i. Change direction by the right (or left) flank. 2. 
Threes right (or left). 3. March. 

At the second command the chief of the first section 
commands: 1. First section. 2. Right forward. 3. Threes 
right. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 



127 



At the command march the first section executes right 
forward threes right; 
when the rear three com- 
pletes the wheel to the 
left, the chief commands: 
1. Threes left. 2. March. 
3. Section. 4. Halt. 5. 
Left. 6. Dress. 7. Front. 

The other sections 
wheel by threes to the 
right or half right, and 
are so conducted by the 
chiefs as to enter the new 
column parallel to the 
first section. As each 
section arrives in rear of 
the one next preceding, it is formed in line to the left and 
dressed to the left. The Lieutenant and Ensign quickly 
gain their places in the column and assist in the align- 
ment of the guides, as heretofore explained. 

If the column be of double sections or platoons, each 
chief halts when near the point where the left of his pla- 
toon will rest in column, and allows his platoon to march 
past him. 




To Advance by the Right or JLeft of Double Sections, 

Being in line. 

314. 1. Double sections. 2. Right (or left) forward. 3. 
Threes right (or left). 4. March. 5. Guide right (or left). 

At the third command the Lieutenant places himself in 
front of the left file of the first three; the Ensign places 
himself in the rear of the left file of the left three of the 



128 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

double section in rear of the Canton as it passes. The 
other chiefs of double sections take their positions in col- 
umn, and the movement is completed as explained for 
platoons. 

Line or column is formed by similar commands and 
means as are described for platoons. 

To Break by Right of Subdivisions to the Rear into 

Column. 

315. Being in line at halt: 1. Right of sections, rear into 
column. 2. Threes right. 3. March. 4. Threes left. 5. 
March. 6. Canton. 7. Halt. 8. Left. 9. Dress. 10. 
Front; or, 6. Guide left. 

At the first command the chief of each section cautions 
the right three that it will have to right about. At the 
third command the threes will wheel to the right on fixed 
pivots. The right three of each section will then change 
direction to the right (late rear) on a movable pivot; the 
other three of each section moving forward and changing 
direction on the same ground as its right three. The Cap- 
tain, seeing the movement nearly completed, commands: 
4. Threes left, in time to add 5. March, the instant the left 
of the left threes has reached the line lately occupied by 
the Canton, and adds: 6. Canton. 7. Halt. The left 
guides of sections exactly cover each other under direction 
of the Lieutenant and Ensign and the chiefs of sections; at 
the tenth command the Lieutenant and Ensign take their 
proper places in column. If the command for the guide 
is given, the column moves forward without halting. 

The Standard Guard wheels about and marches into its 
place in column, then wheels to the left, regulating its 
steps so as to maintain its place. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 



129 



Platoons (or double sections) break to the rear into col- 
umn from line by similar commands and means, except 
that the chiefs of platoons, etc., at the first command place 
themselves in front of their platoons, and caution the 
first three as before, repeat the third command, place 
themselves on the marching flank of the leading three 
in their platoons, wheel with it and halt on the late line, 
so that the file on marching 
flanks of the next threes in 
passing to the rear, will 
graze the chief's right arm. i=i 
When the rear three nearly 
completes the wheel, each 
chief of platoon (or double 
section) commands: 4. 
Threes left. 5. March. 6. [ 
Platoon (or double section). 
7. Halt; the left guide of 
the platoon places himself 
so that his breast will 
lightly touch the chief's 
right arm, who then gives 
the eighth, ninth and tenth 
commands (in lieu of Cap- 
tain, as explained for the 
same movement by sec- 
tions), and places himself in 
front of the center of his 
platoon or double-section. 

Similar movements by files, without the wheeling of 
threes, being at a halt, are made thus: 

316. The Captain commands: 1. Right of sections rear 
into column. 2. Right. 3. Face. 4. Forward. 5. March. 
9 




130 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

6. Canton. 7. Halt. 8. Left. 9. Face. 10. Left. 11. 
Dress. 12. Front; or, 6. By the left Hank. 7. March. 
8. Guide left. 

At the third command the Chevaliers face to the right; 
chiefs of sections about face, and at the fifth command 
move straight to the rear; the others follow, turning on 
the same ground. When the last Chevalier or file is about 
to turn to the rear, the Captain halts the Canton, faces it 
to the left, and dresses it as explained, or marches it by 
the left flank into column. 

1. Right of sections rear into column. 2. By the right flank. 
3. March. 4. By the left flank. 5. March. 6. Guide left. 

317. Being in line marching. 

At the third command the right file of each section exe- 
cutes to the rear, march, and marches straight to the rear; 
the others face and march to the right. On arriving at 
the point where the right file marched to the rear, each file 
of that section in succession follows in his trace, being 
careful to keep close to facing distance, each section exe- 
cuting the same movement at the same instant. The fifth 
command is given the instant the last files are about to 
turn to the rear, so that they do not in fact turn but con- 
tinue to march straight forward; or the command may be 
delayed until he turns to the rear so that all march by the 
left flank at that command. 

The officers take their positions as heretofore explained. 

Platoons and double sections are formed into column by 
files from the right of platoons to the rear, by similar com- 
mands and means. 

To Deploy Column of Double Sections. 

318. Being at a halt. 

1. On first double section deploy column. 2. Threes left (or 
right). 3. March. 4. Front. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 



131 



At the first command the chief of the first double sec- 
tion cautions it to stand fast, and places himself three 
yards in front of his place on the right; the left guide 
steps three yards straight to the front; the other chiefs re- 
peat threes left, and quickly place themselves two yards in 
front of the left guides, facing the left. At the command 






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march the chief of the first double section commands: 1. 
First double section. 2. Right. 3. Dress. 4. Front; at 
the third command it dresses on the line between the chief 
and left guide. The double sections wheel by threes to the 
left, the chiefs repeating the command march. The chief 
of the second double section stands fast, and when the 
left of his double section approaches him, commands: 1 
Second double section. 2. Threes right. 3. March. 4. 



132 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

Guide right. The third command is given the instant the 
front rank of the rear three (if there be two ranks, or if 
not, then when the rear three) arrives opposite the place 
of the right file when in line. On approaching the line 
the chief commands: I. Second double section. 2. Halt. 

At the command halt, given at three yards from the 
line, the double section halts, and its left guide quickly 
places himself on the line where its left will rest, and at 
the same time the chief, if his place in line is on its right, 
places himself at the side of the Chevalier on the left of 
the first double section, and immediately commands: I. 
Right. 2. Dress. 3. Front. The guide of the third 
double section marches abreast of and parallel to the sec- 
ond; its chief having advanced two yards, after the com- 
mand, threes right, march, from the chief of the second, 
halts, in his own person, and, when the right of his double 
section approaches him, commands: 1. Third double sec- 
tion. 2. Threes right. 3. March. 4. Guide right, and, 
marching in front of its center, conducts it to within three 
yards of the line, when he halts and dresses it to the right, 
as just explained for the second double section. 

If there are more than three double sections, the others 
execute the movement as described for the second and 
third. 

If marching, the chief of the first double section halts it 
at the command march, and the movement is executed as 
before. 

1. On third double section deploy column. 2. Threes right 
(or left). 3. March. 

319. Being at a halt. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 133 

At the second command the chief of the third double 
section cautions it to stand fast. 

At the command march all the double sections, except 
the third, wheel by threes to the right, the chiefs repeating 
the second and third commands; the chief of the first 
double section conducts his double section to the right in 
prolongation of its former front; the chief of the second 
halts opposite the right of the third, and when the rear 
of his double section approaches, commands: I. Second 
double section. 2. Threes left. 3. March. 4. Double sec- 
tion. 5. Halt. 

The third command is given the instant the third double 
section is unmasked. 

The chief of the third double section, when he sees it 
nearly unmasked, commands: 1. Third double section. 2. 
Forward. 3. Guide left. 4. March. When this double 
section reaches the ground from which the first one moved 
to the right, the chief commands: 1. Third double section. 
2. Halt. At the command halt the chief and left guide 
quickly place themselves three yards in front of their 
places in line, and the chief commands: 1. Third double 
section. 2. Left. 3. Dress. 4. Front. 

If there are more than three double sections, each con- 
forms to what is explained for the second, and each is 
conducted to the line and dressed as explained for the 
third. 

The chief of the first dresses his double section to the 
left as soon as the command front is given to the second 
double section. 

If in march the chief of the third double section halts it 
at the command march; the movement is executed as be- 
fore. 



134 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

320. To deploy the column faced to the rear on the first or 
third double section, without first causing it to wheel about 
by threes, the Captain adds, face to the rear after deploy 
column. The movement is executed as already explained, 
except each double section marches three yards beyond 
the line, then wheels about by threes and halts, after which 
it is dressed toward the double section upon which the 
deployment is made. 

Deployments on Interior Double Sections. 

321. I. On (such) double section {Platoon or Standard 
Guard) deploy column. 2. Threes right and left. 3. March. 

At the command march the double sections in front of 
the one designated deploy to the right; those in rear de- 
ploy to the left. The designated double section, as soon 
as unmasked, is conducted on the line of the first double 
section with the guide right, and is dressed to the right. 
The other double sections are dressed toward the desig- 
nated double section. 

To Deploy Column of Threes in Open Order. 

322. Being in march. 

1. On right three (so many yards) take distance. 2. March. 

At the second command the leading three marches 
straight forward; the others halt. When the second three 
has gained six yards (if the number is not given in the 
command) from the three in front, it resumes the full step 
at the command forward, march, by its chief, and so on in 
succession to the rear of the column. 

The Captain then commands: 1. On center deploy. 2. 
March. 3. Guide center. 



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i i ' i i 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 135 

The Chevalier in the center of each m 

three and the Standard Bearer march 
straight to the front, shortening the steps. l 
The Chevaliers on the flanks oblique to 
the right and left until an interval of i 
three yards from the center is gained, 
when all turn and march straight forward, , 
taking the full step. The guides are the 
center Chevaliers, who are careful to pre- 
serve their intervals and distances. >/ ■ • [ 

The Lieutenant and Ensign place them- ^ 

selves in front and rear of the center on a line with the 
guides, and three yards (or one-half the given distance) 
from the advance and rearmost three. 

To Deploy Column of Sections, etc. 

323. Distance from right is gained as just explained. 

1. On right (or left) center deploy. 2. March. 3. Guide 
center. 

The movement is executed as in column of threes, ex- 
cept that the Chevaliers on the right of the center, accord- 
ing to the command, march straight forward, the others 
oblique right and left as commanded. The Standard Bear- 
er marches forward so as to occupy, as near as practicable, 
the center of the column; the others of the guard oblique 
to the right and left to the given interval. The Lieu- 
tenant and Ensign are in front and rear of the center as 
before, and on a line between them is the Standard. The 
guides are the Chevaliers on whom, or from whom, the 
deployment was made. 

To Close into Column Again. 

324. i. To full distance close column and intervals, 2. 
March. 



I36 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

The Chevaliers on the flanks oblique toward the center, 
and when they have gained their places in threes (or other 
subdivisions from which deployment was made), again 
march to the front, being careful to preserve the alignment 
and exactly cover the corresponding Chevalier in front, 
closing to wheeling distance immediately; the leading 
threes shorten the steps, as do each three- in succession, 
when they have gained the proper distance. At the com- 
mand forward, march, all resume the twenty-eight inch 
step; the Lieutenant and Ensign also regain their places, 
so as to be ready to step off with the column at the com- 
mand. 

To Close on the Center Only. 

325. Without distributing the distance between the threes 
the Captain commands: 1. On center close intervals. 2. 
March. 

The Chevaliers gradually regain their positions on the 
center, re-forming threes, by oblique steps gaining ground 
forward, keeping shoulders square to the front and main- 
taining the alignment. 

To Close Threes to Wheeling Distance. 

326. Before or after closing the intervals between the 
Chevaliers of each three the Captain commands: 1. To 
wheeling (or such) distance close column. 2. March. 

The files in front shorten their steps, and when the 
threes are closed to the designated distance, as before ex- 
plained, the Captain commands forward, march, and all 
take the twenty-eight inch step. 

If the command be double time, the leading three con- 
tinues the march in quick time, those in the rear close in 
double time, until having gained the distance indicated, each 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 137 

in succession marches in quick time, taking the step from 
the guide in front. 

To Deploy Line by Files to the Front. 

327. I. On Standard (right or left Hie) deploy. 2. March; 
or, 2. Double time. 3. March. 

At the second command the Standard Bearer advances 
by short steps straight to the front; the Chevaliers on his 
right oblique to the right, those on his left oblique to the 
left until each in succession has gained an interval of 
three yards from the Standard, or the Chevalier next to 
them toward the Standard Bearer, when they turn and 
march to the front, dressing toward the center, which 
should never be passed. When all have arrived in the line, 
the Captain commands, forward, march, and all take the 
full step. 

If the command be double time, the Standard Bearer ad- 
vances with the full step; the others oblique as described, 
but in double time, taking the step from the Standard 
Bearer as they arrive on the line. 

To Deploy Line in Open Order by the Flanlc. 

328. i. By the right (or left) Hank take intervals. 2. 
March. 3. Canton. 4. Halt; or, 3. By the left (or right) 
Hank. 4. March. 5. Guide (right, left or center). 

Being in line, single rank. 

At the second command the Canton faces to the right 
and, if in march, halts; the Lieutenant alone continues the 
march in prolongation of the former line; the others fol- 
low successively at the distance of three yards, each stead- 
ily in trace of his predecessor, until the Chevalier or En- 
sign, in rear of the column has reached his interval, when 



I38 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

at the fourth command all halt, pause the ninetieth of a 
minute, face to the former front. Or, 

The line is re-formed and moves to the front, at the 
command by the left Hank, march. 

1. On Standard right (or left) center. 2. By the right 
and left Hank take intervals. 3. March. 4. Canton. 5. 
Halt; or, 4. By the left and right Hank. 5. March. 6. 
Guide {center, left or right). 

329. Being in line, single rank. 

The Captain points with his sword to the center file on 
which the movement is to be made, and at the third com- 
mand those on its right face to the right; those on its left 
face to left, and the movement is executed upon the prin- 
ciples before explained. 

To Extend Intervals. 

330. i. By the right (or left) flank to (so many) yards ex- 
tend intervals. 2. March. 3. Canton. 4. Halt; or, 3. By 
the left (or right) flank. 4. March. 

The movement is executed as before explained. 

If desired to deploy from line or column to a greater in- 
terval than three yards, the number of yards is stated in 
the command, and the movement is executed on the same 
principles. 

To Close the Intervals by tlie Flank. 

331. i. By the left (or right) Hank close intervals. 2. 
March. 

At the command march, the left guide stands fast, (or if 
in march, halts) the others march by the left flank and 
successively halt and face to the front upon closing to 
their places. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 139 

To March Files to the Rear from Column of Threes 
at Open Order (Deployed). 

332. Being in march. 

1. To the rear. 2. March; or, 1. Counter -march. 2. By 
files right (or left). 3. March. 

At the second command the Lieu- 

tenant faces to the right, and having *=?-*•> 1 =?-*-\ i <^->^ ^ 

arrived opposite the center, between ! ? ! ^ ^ 

numbers one and two, again faces to « @ a eii A ek 

the right and marches to the rear, a } dp ; cp 

As he turns to the rear the Captain ! ™ j 'f 1 ;' ■? 
commands march, at which the lead- J 

^3 ssa g-g 

ing number two faces to the right, and °> c * 

when in rear of the Lieutenant turns and follows in his 
trace; number three of the leading three turns to the 
right, and when he arrives at a point half way between the 
place from which he turned and the place just occupied 
by number two, he faces and marches to the rear. Num- 
ber one executes the same movements, turning to the rear 
when he has gained ground to the right equal to one-half 
the distance between his own position and that of number 
two before the movement commenced. The others ad- 
vance and follow exactly in trace of their fraters in front, 
turning on the same ground. 

The alignment and intervals should be carefully pre- 
served, and the wheelings by threes, etc., may be exe- 
cuted by commands, etc., similar to those before explained. 

Order in Echelon. 

333. Being in line at a halt (or in march). 

1. Threes (or sections) on center {right or left) front into 
echelon. 2. March. 3. Guide center (right or left). 



140 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

At the first command the Ch. St. Gd. cautions his Guard 
to I. Forward. 2. Guide center, and the chiefs of other 
threes caution, stand fast (or halt). At the command 
march, the Standard Guard marches straight forward; 



_i — 1 — LjJj i 1 1 i 1 1 i 1 1 hxi 



when it has advanced fifty-four inches the threes next on 
its right and left, at the caution of their chiefs, given in a 
low tone, take up the march, and so on until the entire line 
is in march. 

The Chevalier on the right and left of each three, toward 
the center, is the guide of his three, and should be careful 
to preserve the designated distance from the Standard or 
preceding three, and exactly opposite his place in line, as 
well as to keep dressed on the three opposite to him. 

The Lieutenant and Ensign also take up the march at 
the prescribed distance, and the Captain places himself in 
front of the Standard at the same distance, or may march 
in rear of the Standard on a line with the Lieutenant and 
Ensign. 

If the Captain desires the distance to be greater or less, 
he adds to the first command, after the word " center," 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. I4I 

at (so many) yards distance, and the movement is similarly 
executed. Sections in echelon are similarly executed. 

1. Threes (or files) on right (or left) of Platoon front into 
echelon. 2. March. 3. Guide right (or left). 

334. Being in line. 

Each platoon executes the movement as explained for 
the Canton, the right three of each platoon marching for- 
ward at the second command; the second three of each 
platoon moving forward as explained when the first has 
gained fifty-four inches, and so on. The Lieutenant places 
himself on the right of the leading three of the first pla- 
toon; the Ensign quickly places himself on the left and 
abreast of the rear three of the left platoon. 

The Standard Guard maintains its place in the center 
abreast of the leading three. 

To Marcli in Echelon to the Rear. 

335. I. Threes right (or left) about. 2. March. 3. Guide 
right (or left). 

The Lieutenant and Ensign wheel as number three of a 
rank of three into their places in echelon. 

To March in Echelon hy the Flank. 

336. i. Threes right (or left). 2. March. 3. Guide (right, 
left or center). 

The Lieutenant and Ensign wheel so as to gain the same 
relative position, when the movement is completed. 

Sections may be wheeled to the right or left, changing 
direction in echelon. 

To Re-Form the Line. 

337. i. On center (or such a subdivision) front into line. 
2. March. 3. On center. 4. Dress. 5. Front. 



142 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

At the first command the chief of the leading subdivis- 
ion, cautions it to halt; the chiefs of other threes of sub- 
divisions, to the right and left in rear of the center, com- 
mand forward, and repeat the command march at the same 
time the chief of the leading subdivision commands it to 
halt; the three on each side of the center halt and dress 
toward the center on arriving in rear of the line, so that 
the threes opposite each other in echelon will halt and dress 
at the same instant. When the last threes have dressed, 
the Captain commands, front. 

To Form Sections in Echelon from Threes in Echelon. 

338. Threes being in march at four yards distance in 
echelon, command: 1. Odd threes in circles right wheel. 2. 
March. 

At the command march, the first, third and other odd 
threes wheel to the right, on fixed pivots, completing full 
circles; the even threes continue the march and unite in 
sections with the odd threes the instant they have com- 
pleted the circle, and the sections move forward in echelon 
without halting. The sections may be wheeled by similar 
commands and means, forming double sections in echelon, 
which may also be wheeled in like manner forming pla- 
toons, and so on, until the line is formed. Or, 

Line is formed by commands and means before ex- 
plained. 

To Form in Echelon from Column of Files. 

339. Being in march in column of twos (Par. 301). 
1. Files right and left into echelon. 2. March. 

At the command march, the two leading Chevaliers 
place themselves about one foot apart, and then by short 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 143 

steps march straight forward; the other left files oblique to 
the left, and each in succession will resume the forward, 
without command, when his right shoulder shall exactly 
cover the left shoulder of the Chevalier next in front. The 
right files gain ground to the right in similar manner, the 
left shoulder of each exactly covering the right shoulder 
of the Chevalier next in front. The Standard Guard forms 
in line and marks time at command of its chief until it 
gains its proper place in the center and on a line with the 
rearmost Chevaliers (Lieutenant and Ensign) in the col- 
umns; the Lieutenant quickly places himself at the right 
and rear of the right column, and the Ensign at left and 
rear of the left column of files in echelon. 

The Captain commands forward, adding march the in- 
stant the movement is completed, and places himself in 
front of the leading files. 

If the lines are small, ground is gradually gained to the 
right and left, the Chevaliers keeping the shoulders square 
to the front, as they may have been previously instructed 
by the Captain, or, he may indicate it by giving as the first 
command, Hies bear right and left into echelon. 

To Re-Form Column of Twos. 

340. i. Files right and left into column. 2. March. 

At the first command the Lieutenant takes his place at 
the head of the column. 

The leading Chevaliers advance by shortened steps; the 
others oblique toward the center, regulating the step so 
that each double file will successively re-unite, then, turn- 
ing to the front, will follow in trace of those immediately 
in their lead. The Standard Guard marches forward to its 
place. 



144 PATRIARCHS MILITANT BRILL 

To Open and Close Ranks in Echelon from Line. 

341. i. By turns. 2. Threes front into echelon. 3. March. 

At the third command, given as the right foot strikes the 
ground, the left threes of each section mark time, the right 
threes advance until the right foot has been planted the 
third time (i. e. six steps), when they too mark time; the 
rear threes having planted the right foot the third time, 
step off with the left foot, pass between the threes in their 
front, and advance six steps in front of them, being twelve 
steps from their first position, when they mark time again, 
and so on by turns until the Captain desires the line to 
advance together, when he commands: 1. Forward. 2. 
Guide right (or left). 3. March; the third command being 
given the instant the line is re-formed. 

The Lieutenant and Ensign successively advance with 
the threes in front. 



342. Or, he commands, odd threes in circle right wheel, 
adding march the instant the line is formed, when the odd 
threes wheel full about; the even threes march between 
the wheeling threes, which advance as soon as they com- 
plete the circle. 

If the Captain desires the threes to march in column, 
he commands threes right (or left) in time to add march 
the instant the threes are united in line. Or the line may 
be halted the instant it is re-united, and is dressed by the 
usual commands. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 145 

General Remarks. 

343. In the formation of figures, etc., no rigid rules can 
be given, as the number of officers or Chevaliers, the pres- 
ence of the Standard Bearer alone, or of the full guard, 
would necessitate some modification in each case by the 
officer in charge, or interminable explanations. 

The commands of the chiefs of threes are, in fact, merely 
cautions to enable the threes to move together, and may 
be dispensed with if so instructed by the Captain. This 
rule is general, and may be applied to sections at the dis- 
cretion of the officer in charge. 

To Form Line from Files in Echelon. 

344. Line to the front is formed by means and commands 
similar to those explained already; the files obliquing oppo- 
site their places, then march straight to the front, halting 
in rear of the line and dressing toward the point of rest. 

To Form Cross from Column of Threes. 

345. Being in march, single rank. 

1. Form cross. 2. March. 3. Forward. 4. March. 5. 
Guide center. 

At the second command the Lieutenant places himself in 
front of the right file of the leading three, and shortens his 
steps; the first three executes right forward, Hies right, 
closing upon the Lieutenant; the third three takes one ob- 
lique step to the right and marches forward so that its 
number two will close upon the rear file of the first three; 
the second three takes four lengthened oblique steps to 
the right and marches forward, forming in line with the 
third three; the fourth three takes two oblique lengthened 
steps to the left and marches forward, forming in line with 
the second and third three; the fifth, sixth and seventh 
10 



146 



PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 




three execute right forward. files right, 
closing in column of files upon number 
two of the third three. The threes 
i shorten their steps upon arriving in their 
i places. The Ensign follows in rear of the 
i column. Seeing the movement completed, 
i the Captain gives the concluding com-. 
I mands, and places himself at the head of 
'the cross. 

If there be but five threes, the move- 
ment is similarly executed, the third three 
forming the left arm of the cross. 

If there are eight threes, with the Stand- 
ard Guard in the column, the first and 
second threes form the upper arm of the 
cross; the third three obliques to the 
right, the fourth three obliques to the left.; the Standard 
Guard obliques twenty-two inches to the right and marches 
straight forward; the four threes in rear form the lower 
arm of the cross, upon principles explained before. At 
the command march the Lieutenant quickly places himself 
on the right of the third three, and the Ensign quickly 
places himself on the left of the fourth three, so that the 
Lieutenant and Ensign will be on the flanks of the hori- 
zontal arm of the cross, and the Standard at the angles 
in its center. The Captain marches about four yards to 
the left and abreast of the Ensign, or at the top as be- 
fore. Cross from column of sections is formed by similar 
commands and means. 

Supernumerary threes close in column as the base of the 
cross, or may form in triangle, etc., as hereafter explained, 
the command being: 2. Rear threes form triangle, etc. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 147 

To Reduce Cross to Column. 

Of like subdivisions from which it was formed. 

346. 1. Form column. 2. March. 3. Guide left. 

At the command march the threes that are in column of 
files execute the left front into line; the first three continues 
the march, the second three left obliques into column; the 
third three marks time, until it is disengaged, when it 
obliques into its place in column; the fourth three right 
obliques to its place. The threes having re-formed, the 
column marks time, when their guides are in trace of the 
guide in front, and successively advance as each gains its 
distance. 

The Captain gives the third command as soon as the 
movement is completed. 

To Form Greek Cross from Column of Sections, etc. 

347. The arms of a Greek Cross are so nearly equal that 
the difference is not readily perceived. The same number 
of threes, sections, etc., form each arm of the cross; usu- 
ally the Standard Guard is in the center, the Lieutenant at 
the top (in advance), and the Ensign in rear at the base. 
These may be changed when necessary to equalize the 
limbs of the cross. 

348. 1. Form Greek Cross. 2. March. 3. Guide center. 
At the first command the sections execute the following 

movements, the chiefs giving the commands if necessary 
to insure prompt action: First and fourth sections right 
forward, files right forming the advance and rear arms of 
the cross; second section and Standard Guard right oblique, 
forming the right arm and center; third section left oblique, 
forming the left arm, as described before for the Passion 
Cross. 



I48 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

Greek Cross, from column of threes and double sections, 
is formed by similar means, the chiefs giving the com- 
mands for their double sections, causing them to take the 
short step, to march forward, etc., at the proper time. As 
the cross is completed the chiefs promptly take their 
places, and the cross moves forward at the command of the 
Captain. 

To Reduce Greek Cross to Column. 

From which it was formed, command: 

349. 1. Form column. 2. March. 3. Guide left. 

At the first command the following movements are exe- 
cuted as indicated by the commands, viz. : 

First and fourth sections. Left front into line. 

Second section and Standard Guard. Left oblique. 

Third section. Right oblique. 

And the movement is completed as explained for the 
Passion Cross. 

To Form Greek: and Passion Cross from Column of 
Threes. 

350. The Lieutenant and Ensign, Standard Guard and 
eight threes being in column, marching. 

1. Form Cross. 2. Leading threes form Greek Cross. 3. 
March. 4. Guide center. 

At the command march the four threes nearest to the 
head of the column form Greek Cross, the first and 
fourth threes executing right forward, Hies right; the sec- 
ond three obliques to the right and. the third three obliques 
to the left, forming the several arms of the cross, as before 
explained, the Lieutenant quickly placing himself in its 
center; the Ch. St. Gd. places himself forty-four inches to 
the front and shortens his steps; the Standard Bearer 
quickly takes the place thus vacated, and the Jr. St. Gd. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 149 



places himself between 

the two; the Ensign — 

quickly places himself 

in front of the Jr. St. 

Gd., and the cross is — 

formed as before ex- — 

plained, with the Stand- 
ard in its center. [2] 

The Captain places 
himself at the head of _ 

the Passion Cross and s — 

commands, forward, - — 
march, and all move ~ ^ " 
forward. 

Care should be taken _ — 

to preserve the proper - — 

distance between the 
two crosses, which will 

result from the same 

step being taken by the 
Chevaliers at the heads of both. 



The cross is reduced by commands and means similar 
to those before explained. 

Supernumerary threes may form at the base, as shown 
in illustration(2). Order: 2. Rear threes form degrees. Or 
to form Greek Crosses command: 1. Platoons. 2. Form 
Greek Cross. 3. March. 

The crosses are reduced by the commands, etc., as be- 
fore. 

To Display Greek: Cross and Reduce it to Column 
again. 

351. i. Display Greek Cross. 2. March. 3. Guide center. 
Being in column, marching. 



150 



PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 



At the first command the Lieutenant quickly places him- 
self on the right of the leading section. At the command 
march he halts; the leading section wheels to the right in 
a complete circle around him; the rear 
sections continue the forward march 
until each in succession has gained the 
ground from which the first commenced 
the movement, when each wheels ex- 
actly in trace of the preceding section. 
When the leading section has nearly 
completed the circle, the Lieutenant cau- 
tions forward, in a low tone, adding 
march the instant it has reached the 
ground from which it commenced the 
wheel, and quickly takes his place in the 
column. The sections complete the 
circle and move forward in column from 
the same place as each completes the 
full about. The cross should appear to dissolve without 
command. The guide is then on the same flank that it 
was before the movement commenced. 

The Ensign places himself on the left of the fifth sec- 
tion, and during the display the rear sections halt at his 
command, given the instant before the fourth section com- 
mences, and resumes the forivard, march when that sec- 
tion completes the wheel, so that they may not be too close 
during the display of the cross, and may move forward and 
keep the proper distance as soon as it is reduced. 

The sections, in wheeling, form right angles with each 
other, and the alignment must be perfect. 

If the Standard Guard is between either of these four 
sections, it obliques to the center as soon as the section in 




REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 151 

its front is about to commence the wheel and quickly forms 
a close group, with the Lieutenant facing outwardly in 
the center of the cross; it resumes its place in column 
when the same section begins the forward march. 

If so instructed, the Standard Bearer may be detached, 
and, alone with the Standard, occupy the center of the 
cross; or the Captain may do so. 

If there are eight sections (or threes), two crosses will 
be displayed at the same moment and in the same manner, 
the Lieutenant filling the center of the leading cross, the 
Ensign that of the one in the rear; the Standard Guard 
obliques to the center, between the two crosses, and halts. 
Or, the rear sections form square, triangle, etc., and re- 
duce them as the cross is reduced. These combinations 
are numerous, and when well executed have a fine effect. 

It is not so well, however, in the display as in the for- 
mation of Greek and other crosses. 

The object in wheeling to the right is that the left guides 
may be on the marching flanks. If so instructed, the cross 
may be displayed to the left, and, in absence of the Stand- 
ard Guard, the Captain with the Lieutenant and Ensign, 
may place themselves in the center, back to back, thus: .*. 
They resume their places in column as soon as the leading 
section commences the forward. 

To Form Greek: Cross from Line. 

352. i. Form Greek Cross. 2. March. 3. Forward. 4. 
March. 5. Guide center. 

Four sections being in line, marching, with the Standard 
Guard in the center. 

At the first command the officers command as follows: 

Lieutenant — 1. First section. 2. Threes left. 

Ensign — 1. Fourth section. 2. To the rear. 3. Threes Jeft, 



152 . PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

Chief of Standard Guard — I. Center sections and Stand- 
ard Guard. 2. Mark time. 

At the command march, given as the right foot is com- 
ing to the ground, the first section wheels by threes, on 
movable pivots, to the left and marches in column of 
threes, parallel to the front of the second section, toward 
the center; the center sections and Standard Guard mark 
time; the fourth section executes to the rear, march, and im- 
mediately wheels by threes, on movable pivots, to the left, 
then marches in column of threes across the rear of the 
third section to the center. When the leading three of the 
first section reaches the front of the Standard Bearer, it 
executes by the right Hank, forming column of files in front 
of the Standard and marks time; the second three obliques 
to the right of the other three of its section and executes 
by the right flank, faces to the front and marks time, the 
first section forming the upper limb of the cross, with the 
Lieutenant at the top. 

The leading (being the first) three of the fourth section 
forms column of files in rear of the Standard Bearer, by 
executing by the left Hank and marking time; the second 
three of the fourth section right obliques to the rear of its 
first three and executes by the left Hank, forming with it 
the lower limb of the cross, with the Ensign in its rear. 
The Captain gives the fourth command, and the cross 
moves forward. 

If so instructed, the flank sections may wheel by section 
and form the upper and lower parts of the cross without 
breaking by threes, and the commands of the Lieutenant 
and Ensign are changed accordingly to: 1. First section. 
2. Left wheel, etc. 

Similar formations are made by double sections, threes, 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 153 

etc., to form Passion and other crosses, with or without 
the Standard Guard. 

To Reduce Greek Cross to Line. 

353. i. Form Line. 2. March. 3. Forward. 4. March. 
5. Guide right (or left). 

At the first command the Lieutenant, placing himself on 
its right, commands: 1. First section. 2. By the right -flank. 
Ensign, placing himself on its left: 1. Fourth section. 2. 
By the left flank. Chief of Standard Guard: 1. Center 
section and Standard Guard. 2. Mark time. 

At the command march the first section executes by the 
right Hank, forming line, and is conducted by the Lieuten- 
ant to the right of the second section, caused to wheel on 
a movable pivot to the right, then executes to the rear 
march, and marks time in its place on the right of the line; 
in the meantime the lower limb of the cross (fourth sec- 
tion) executes by the left flank, is conducted by the Ensign 
to the left of third section, and caused to right wheel (on 
a movable pivot) to its place on the left. 

The Lieutenant and Ensign take their places on the 
right and left as soon as their sections have gained their 
positions, and the Captain immediately commands, for- 
ward, etc. 

If desired, the cross is reduced into column of sections, 
as before explained; or cross, formed from column of sec- 
tions, may be reduced into line, as just explained. 

To Form Patriarchal Cross. 

354. Being in column of threes. 

1. Form Patriarchal Cross. 2. March. 3. Forward. 4. 
March. 5. Guide center. 



154 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

At the second command the first three executes right 
forward, Hies right, and takes the short step, when its lead- 
ing file has advanced two steps; the 

fourth, fifth and eighth threes execute 

— the same movement and close upon 

the first three in column of files; the 

second three obliques to the right and 

marches forward, forming the right 

half of the horizontal limb of the 

cross, as explained before, with num- 
ber one of the fourth three on its 
left; the third three obliques to the 
left, then marches forward, and, with 
the second three and number one of the fourth three, 
forms the upper horizontal arms of the cross; the sixth 
three executes the movement as described for the second 
three, forming the right half (or arm) of the lower hori- 
zontal portion of the cross, with number three of the fifth 
three; the seventh three executes the movement described 
for the third three, forming in line with the sixth three 
and number three of the fifth three; the Lieutenant and 
Ensign place themselves on the right and left flanks of 
the lower horizontal limbs, and the Captain places himself 
at the head of the cross and gives the fourth command. 

[If the Standard Guard is present, the Standard Bearer 
quickly places himself in the center of one of the horizon- 
tal portions of the cross, the Ch. and Jr. of St. Gd. taking 
the outer flanks, or moving with the Standard Bearer; the 
Lieutenant and Ensign leading and following the column, 
and the Captain marches four yards from the left flank, 
and abreast of the leading horizontal line. These various 
positions are determined by the number in ranks in order 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 155 

to preserve the proper proportions of the cross, and upon 
principles explained.] 

Cross is formed from column of sections, etc., by simi- 
lar commands and means. 

To Reduce Patriarchal Cross. 

355. i. Form column. 2. March. 3. Guide left. 

This is executed by means similar to the reduction of 
the Passion Cross, before explained. 

To Form Cross of Salem. 

356. Being in column of threes. 

1. Form Cross of Salem. 2 March. 3. Guide center. 

Cross of Salem is a Patriarchal Cross, with an addi- 
tional cross near its base, like the one at the top, and is 
formed by similar means; the rear cross forming, as has 
been explained for the upper part of Patriarchal Cross, 
closing up and uniting with the lower limb of the Patri- 
archal Cross. 

The officers take their places, so as to effect the proper 
proportions of the different limbs of the cross, depending 
upon the number of threes (or sections) in the column. 

To Reduce Cross of Salem. 

357. i. Form column. 2. March. 3. Guide left. 

The cross is reduced by means similar to the reduction 
of other crosses, as before explained. 

To Form Cross of St. Andrew from Columu of 
Platoons or Double Sections. 

358. 1. Form Cross of St. Andrew. 2. Left and right half 
wheel. 3. March. 4. Right and left oblique. 5. March. 
6. Forward. 7. March. 8. Guide center. 



I56 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

At the second command the Lieutenant commands: 
1. First platoon [or double section, etc]. 2. Left and right 
inward half wheel. 

Ensign. — 1. Second platoon. 2. Right and left outward 
half wheel. 
— — At the command march, the leading 

platoon (half) wheels inwardly on fixed 

pivots, forming a letter V ; the second 

platoon (half) wheels outwardly on 
movable pivots, forming an inverted A 

the Standard Bearer retains his place, 

— at the angle of the leading V, and the 

others of the Guard place themselves, 

abreast, twelve inches in his rear, and 

— about six inches apart. 
The Captain gives the fourth command in time to add 
march the instant the half wheels are completed, at which 
the leading platoon faces to its former front and shortens 
the step a little; the second platoon faces in the same di- 
rection, and advancing obliquely toward the center, with- 
out deranging the positions of the shoulders, closes the 
interval between its leading files and the distance between 
them and the Standard Guard, so as to form the letter X 
with the Standard Bearer in its center. The Lieutenant 
and Ensign quickly place themselves, in echelon, at the 
heads of the cross (the Lieutenant on the right) which 
marches with full step to its present front, late front of the 
column, at command of the Captain, who places himself 
in front of the Standard and on a line with the Lieutenant 
and Ensign. 

If there be no Standard Guard the Captain occupies the 
center, and the Lieutenant and Ensign take position on his 
right and left. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 157 

To Reduce Cross of St. Andrew. 

359. i. Form column. 2. Left and right front into line. 3. 
March. 4. Guide left. 

At the second command the officers quickly place them- 
selves in front of the several arms of the cross and com- 
mand: 

Lieutenant — (To upper right arm). 1. First section. 2. 
Left front into line. 

Ch. St. Gd. — (To upper left arm.) 1. Second section. 2. 
Mark time. 

Jr. St. Gd. — (To lower right arm). 1. Third section. 2. 
Right front into line. 

Ensign — (To lower left arm). 1. Fourth section. 2. Left 
front into line. 

[If the arms of the cross are more or less than a section, 
change the command to suit, thus: "Right wing, first pla- 
toon. Left front into line" etc.] 

At the command march the several sections of the cross 
execute the commands, and the leading section, having 
formed line, marches forward at command of the Lieuten- 
ant; as soon as the second section is unmasked it executes 
right front into line at command of the Ch. St. Gd. and 
by his command obliques into its place in column. The 
other sections are marched into their places by similar 
commands and means, regulating the step so as to imme- 
diately gain their position in column, and the officers take 
their places. 

TRIANGLES. 



From Column of Files. 

360. Station two markers two yards apart, opposite each 
other, near the apex, and one at each angle at the base of 
triangle to be formed. Being in march. (The word 



158 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

" platoon " is used for convenience, although the Canton 
is in column of files.) 

1. Form triangle. 2. Column half left and right. 3. March. 

The third command is given when the column is about 
three yards from the markers at the apex. 

The Lieutenant conducts the column half left, parallel 
to the line of the markers on that side, halts his platoon 
when its head has reached the point opposite the place 
where it will rest, and faces it to the right; the Ch. St. Gd. 
follows, conducting his center platoon until nearing the 
point where the first platoon inclined to the left, when he 
marches it column half left, in rear of the first platoon be- 
yond the marker at the angle at the base, marches it to 
the right three yards in rear of and opposite the base of 
the triangle, halts and faces it to the right; the Ensign 
follows, with the third platoon, to the ground from which 
the first platoon changed direction, then by column half 
right marches it parallel to the line of markers on that side, 
halts it opposite its place, and causes it to left face. 

Each chief, having faced his platoon toward the center, 
as soon as it arrives opposite its place, places himself at 
his proper angle against the marker, and dresses his pla- 
toon up to the line toward himself, leaving room for the 
Captain to form the apex, with the Prelate inside the tri- 
angle. 

The Ch. St. Gd. hastens to place himself in front of the 
second platoon, when it first changes direction, near the 
apex of the triangle. 

To Reduce the Triangle. 

361. i. Form column of files. 2. Right and left. 3. Face. 
4. Forzvard. 5. March. 

At the second command the Lieutenant and Ch. St. Gd. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 159 

command: I. platoon. 2. Right; the Ensign: 1. Third 

platoon. 2. Left; and the chiefs repeat the third command. 
At the command forward, the Lieutenant commands: 1. 
First platoon. 2. Stand fast. At march the Ensign con- 
ducts his platoon back, left in front, over the ground it 
traversed in forming the triangle; the Ch. St. Gd. conducts 
the second platoon past the rear of the first platoons, re- 
tracing its steps to the point where it executed column half 
left, and there unites in column of files with and in rear 
of the Ensign's platoon, and resumes his own place (the 
Ch. St. Gd. takes his place as soon as the second platoon 
commences the forward march; the Lieutenant causes his 
platoon to move forward in rear of and uniting with the 
second platoon as it passes, and takes his place in rear of 
the column. 

When the platoons are joined in column of files, the 
Captain halts and faces it to the right, continues the march, 
left in front, or he commands to the rear, march, or uses 
such other method to bring the right in front as he desires. 

To Form Triangle about a Grave from Column of 
Threes. 

362. i. Form triangle. 2. Column half right and left. 3. 
March. 

If the Standard Guard occupies the center of the column, 
the Ch. and Jr. St. Gd. immediately place themselves in 
front and rear of the center column, and at the command 
march, the two left columns march together, column half 
left, and the right platoon marches column half right, con- 
ducted by their chiefs to their places as before. 

To Reduce the Triangle. 

363. i. Form column of threes. 2. Right and left. 3. 
Face. 4. Forward. 5. March. 



l60 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

The columns step off together, retrace their steps, con- 
ducted by their chiefs, and each is halted when its rear 
reaches the ground from which it changed direction at the 
apex of the triangle to march out of column. The Ch. St 
Gd. takes his place in the second platoon as soon as it 
commences the forward march; the chiefs of platoons re- 
sume their places as the column is re-formed. 

If it be desired to form column of files, the commands 
are given as before explained, and the movement is simi- 
larly executed. " Platoon " is used for cenvenience, 
though not technically correct. 

To Form Triangle froni Column of Threes. 

364. Being in march. 1. To half distance, close column. 
2. March. 

Executed as before explained. 1. Form triangle. 2. 
March. 

At the first command the Jr. St. Gd. hastens to place 
himself in rear of the rear file of the middle column; the 
Lieutenant, passing by the right to 
rear, commands: 1. Files. 2. Right 
into echelon. The Ensign stepping to 
the left of the column, commands: 

1. Files. 2. Left into echelon, and 
both Lieutenant and Ensign quickly 
go to the rear of their column; the 
Ch. St. Gd., without moving from 
his place, commands: 1. Center Hies. 

2. Mark time. 
At the command march, the cen- 
ter column of files mark time; the leading files of the right 
and left column shorten the step. When these columns 




REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. l6l 

have passed about half their length, the Ch. St. Gd. com- 
mands: i. Center column. 2, Forward. 3. Column right. 
4. March, which it executes; and the Ch. St. Gd. imme- 
diately commands: 1. By the left Hank. 2. Rear Hies. 3. 
Left front into line; adding 4. March the instant before the 
Standard Bearer would have turned to the right. 

The Chevaliers, who have changed direction to the right, 
face to the left and advance in line by short steps; the rear 
files execute left front into line; the Ch. St. Gd. quickly 
takes his place on the right of his platoon; the Lieutenant 
and Ensign form the last files of their respective platoons; 
the rear platoon, when formed, closes up on the other two 
with the full step, and the Captain commands: 1. For- 
ward. 2. March. 3. Guide center, and places himself in 
front of the leading files, thus completing the triangle. 

The triangle may be formed at open order (threes dis- 
tance) if desired, by omitting the command for closing to 
half distance. 

The center column may form the base of the triangle by 
wheeling around the Standard, as before described for 
similar movement, if so instructed. 

To Reduce Triangle. 

365. i. Column of threes. 2. Mark time. 3. March. 

At the first command the Lieutenant and Ensign com- 
mand their respective platoons to mark time; the Ch. St. 
Gd. steps in front of his platoon, and commands: 1. Right 
wing. 2. Left wheel, and the Jr. St. Gd., facing the left 
wing of the second platoon, commands: 1. Left wing. 2. 
To the rear. 3. Left wheel. At the command march the 
right and left platoons and the Standard Bearer mark time; 
the half of the second platoon, which is at the right of the 
Standard Bearer, wheels to the left, describing a quarter 
11 



l62 PATRIARCHS MILITANT t>RlLL 

circle about him; the left half of the platoon executes to 
the rear, march, and immediately commences the left wheel, 
similar to the movement of the right wing. The Ch. St. 
Gd. commands: 1. From right take distance by right and 
left flanks, and adds march the instant the wings have 
wheeled perpendicularly to their late line, when both wings 
face toward the apex of the triangle, and, except the lead- 
ing file, halts; the leading file marches forward, and each 
Chevalier in succession resumes the fonvard march at the 
distance of fifty-four inches from the one in front. The 
Ch. and Jr. St. Gd. remain with Standard and omit com- 
mands if so instructed. 

Seeing that the head of the center column is nearly up 
to its place the Captain commands: 1. Form threes. 2. 
March. The Ch. and Jr. St. Gd. quickly take their places 
on the right and left of the Standard Bearer, and Cheva- 
liers in the outer columns face and march directly to 
their places in column of threes; the Lieutenant and En- 
sign take their posts at the head and rear of the column 
and the Captain commands: Forward march. 

Threes in Triangles. 

366. Being in column of threes, at section distance. 1. 
Threes form triangles. 2. March. 

At the command march, given as the right foot strikes 

the ground, numbers one and three of each three mark 

time and numbers two take two short steps, and 

— then all resume the full step. 

— — If in column of threes, at wheeling distance, it is 

executed as described, the leading three march- 

— ing forward on the third step, and the others 

— — halt; each three in succession marching forward, 

at caution of its chief, when it has gained section 
distance from the three in its front.' 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 163 

The Lieutenant and Ensign lead and follow the column 
at half distance (54 inches). 

The Standard Guard forms triangle as other threes. 

367. 1. Form threes. 2. March. 

At march the Chevalier forming the apex of each tri- 
angle marks time, the others advance by the short step, 
and the threes, united, march forward. 

To Form Triangle from Column of Twos. 

368. I. Form triangle. 2. Right and left oblique. 3. 
March. 4. Forward. 5. March. 6. Guide center. 

To facilitate the explanation it is assumed that there are 
twenty-four Chevaliers in the column of twos. The lead- 
ing eight right files will form the right side of the triangle, 
and are here designated the right platoon; the leading 
eight left files form the left side, called the left platoon; 
the four double files in rear, the rear platoon (or rear side 
of the triangle). 

At the command march, the two leading Chevaliers 
place themselves about one foot apart, and then by short 
steps march straight forward; the other files of the left 
platoon oblique to the left, and each in succession will re- 
sume the forward march, without command, when his right 
shoulder shall exactly cover the left shoulder of the Cheva- 
lier next in front; the files of the right platoon gain ground 
to the right in similar manner, the left shoulder of each ex- 
actly covering the right shoulder of the Chevalier next in 
front. The two leading files of the rear platoon advance 
by short steps; the right file next in rear obliques to the 
right, placing himself on the right of the two in front, and 
conforms to their movements, dressing toward the center; 
the other right files in rear oblique to the right and sue- 



164 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

cessively form on the right of the basis of the line (rear 
side of the triangle thus forming). At the same time the 
left files form on the left in like manner; the Lieutenant 
places himself on the right, and the Ensign places himself 
on the left of the rear platoon which closes upon the rear 
lines, which are in echelon, and the Captain gives the 
fourth and fifth commands, forming the apex of the figure 
in his own person. The Standard occupies its place in the 
center of the triangle, or may form the center of the rear 
platoon. 

To Reduce tlie Triangle. 

369. i. Column of twos. 2. Mark time. 3. March. 4. 
Forward. 5. March. 

The files of the right and left platoons oblique to their 
places in column of twos, while the leading files close to- 
gether and after the first step advance by short steps; the 
leading files of the rear platoon regulate their steps so as 
to gain their places in column; the files at their right and 
left mark time until they are successively disengaged, when 
they immediately oblique to their places; the officers re- 
sume their places and the chief gives the fifth command. 

Column of threes may be formed, as heretofore explain- 
ed, with slight modification. 

To Forin Square from Column of Sections. 

370. Being in march. 

1. Form square. 2. March. 3. Forward. 4. March. 

At the first command the chiefs of sections command as 
follows, viz. : 

1st section, Mark time. 2nd and 3d sections: 1. Right 
and left forward. 2. Files right and left. 4th section and 
Standard Guard, Forward. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 



165 



•l > 



^ j* 



At the second command the first section marks time; the 
right threes of the second and third sections execute the 
right forward, files right, and close in column of files on the 
chief of first section and mark time; the 
left threes of the same sections execute 
the left forward, Hies left, closing up and 
marking time in rear of the left guide of 
section one; the Standard Guard marches 
forward to the middle of the Square, and 
the Captain gives the fourth command the 
instant the fourth section closes the square 
in rear. The Captain, Lieutenant, and 
Ensign dart into the square as it is form- 
ing and form in line in front of the Stand- 
ard Guard, the Captain on the right, the 
Ensign on the left; or, if so instructed, the 
Lieutenant and Ensign may place them- 
selves on the flanks of the first section, and the Ch. and Jr. 
St. Gd. place themselves on the flank of the rear section (to 
increase the front); the sides of the square will oblique so 
as to cover the Lieutenant and Ensign instead of the chief 
and guide of the leading section; the Captain and Standard 
only occupying the center, or the Standard alone doing so. 

Formation of square from double sections is similarly 
executed, and the officers, with the Standard Guaril, form 
line, double rank, or triangle within the square. Any odd 
sections in rear form as the Captain shall indicate by com- 
mands, thus: 1. Form square. 2. Rear sections form tri- 
angle, etc., and are formed and reduced as explained. 

This applies to nearly all the formations of like character. 



l66 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

To Reduce Square. 

371. I. Column of sections. 2. Left and right front into 
line. 3. March. 4. Guide left. 

At the first command the Lieutenant, approaching near 
to the right side of the square, commands, in a low tone. 
Left front into sections; the Ensign approaches near to the 
left side of the square and commands, in a low tone, Right 
'front into sections; the chief of the fourth section, Mark 
time. At the command march the first section moves for- 
ward; the second and third sections are re-formed as indi- 
cated by the commands, until each in succession has gained 
section distance, when, at command of their chiefs, they 
take the full step forward, and so with section four. The 
officers immediately resume their proper posts; the Stand- 
ard Guard regulates its step so as to regain its place as 
soon as the second section advances. 

To Form Bow and Arrow from Column of Sections. 

372. I. Form Bow and Arrow. 2. Left oblique. 3. March. 
4. Forward. 5. March. 6. Guide center. 

At the second command 

£3 the chiefs of sections, com- 

3 ^a mand as follows: First sec- 

, tion, 1. First section. 2. Left 

W"""** 2 ^^^, front into echelon. Second 

vm mw wmmm ^ be ; 1 ■ mxasm section, Left oblique. Third 

5 * section, 1. Left forward. 2. 

Files left. Fourth section, Mark time. Fifth section, Left 

oblique. 

At the third command the first section forms echelon- 
thus: Number six advances section distance and halts; 
number five marches straight forward and halts so that the 
front of his body shall be nearly on a line with the rear of 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. l6j 

number six; number four advances to the same relative 
position with number five (slightly more retired) and halts; 
and so successively until number one of the section is the 
rearmost file in echelon, of the section, his breast in line 
with the back of number two. These positions are slightly 
varied so as to make the right half of the bow the half 
of an arch. The second section obliques to the left, and 
its chief commands: I. Second section. 2. Forward, add- 
ing 3. March, the instant the section has advanced 
obliquely, until he is opposite his place, which is twenty- 
two inches to the left of number six of the leading sec- 
tion; he immediately commands: 1. Right front into eche- 
lon. 2. March. The chief advances, the others mark 
time and successively march straight forward, halting when 
opposite the files of the first section, so as to form an arch. 

The third section executes the movement indicated by 
the command of its chief, and conducted by the left file 
marches between the left and right files of the first and sec- 
ond sections, until number four is abreast of them, when 
the section halts at the caution of its chief. 

The Ensign places himself quickly on the right of the 
fifth section, which with the fourth section forms double 
section by the usual commands and means, except that the 
rear section obliques twenty-one inches farther towards 
the left, so as to make room for the Ensign between. Hav- 
ing so united in double section marches forward under 
command of the Ensign to form the string of the bow, and 
is halted by its chief, who halts in his own person in time 
to admit the rear file of section three who occupies his 
place. The Ensign then places himself on the left of the 
rear double section; the Lieutenant places himself on its 
right, and the fourth and fifth sections close to their places. 



1 68 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

The chief of the Canton places himself in advance of the 
figure as the head of the Arrow, and moves the figure 
forward by the usual commands and means. 

To Reduce Bow and Arrow. 

373. i. Column of sections. 2. Right oblique. 3. March. 
4. Guide left. 

At the second command the chiefs of sections caution as 
follows: First section, 1. On left file. 2. Front into section. 
Second section, 1. On right Hie. 2. Front into section. 
Third, fourth and fifth sections, Mark time. 

At the third command the first and second sections re- 
form their lines, and march forward. The first section 
shortens the step after advancing section distance, when it 
has cleared the point of the Arrow (leading file of the 
third section), the second section right obliques to its 
place in column under the cautions of its chief. The 
third section forms section: 1. Right front into section, 2. 
March, and marches forward when it has found its place 
in column under command of its chief. The fourth sec- 
tion marches forward, and when unmasked, the fifth sec- 
tion right obliques to its place. As soon as the move- 
ments are completed the chief of Canton gives the fourth 
command (or may precede it by the usual forward march). 

To Form Initial Letters, from Golnmn of Sections. 

374. [For convenience in explanations it is assumed that 
the sections are numbered from one to six instead of by 
threes.] 

1. Form Initials of the Order. 2. March. 3. Forward. 
4. March. 5. Guide left. 
At the second command the leading section halts, if in 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. l6g 

march, or stands fast if at a halt; the flank files of the sec- 
ond section halt; num- 
bers 2 and 5 take one | ra^ "n 



shortened step for- 
ward and halt in eche- 
lon 12 inches in ad- 



I 1. 

f W S i V ■ 



B 



vance of numbers I and 6; numbers 3 and 4 advance and 
halt together the same distance to the front of numbers 
2 and 5, in echelon; the section thus executing, center 
forward in echelon, with the files at a distance equal to 
about 8 inches from breast to back. The two center files 
of the third section shorten the steps while numbers 1 and 
6 close on the same numbers of the section in their front; 
numbers 2 and 5 move straight forward and close to about 
8 inches of numbers 1 and 6, covering numbers 2 and 5 
in the second section, and the center files (3 and 4) close, 
in echelon, to like distance from numbers 2 and 5. Thus 
forming the letter O. Another letter O is formed in like 
manner by the fourth and fifth sections, which closes to 
55 inches from the letter in its front. The sixth section 
advances to like distance from the section in its front and 
halts; the right three of section seven executes right for- 
ward files right and closes on number 1 of the sixth sec- 
tion, while number 4 closes on the center of section six; 
numbers 5 and 6 quickly place themselves midway between 
sections three and four, and five and six respectively, cov- 
ering the left files. The Lieutenant places himself in a 
corresponding position between sections one and two, and 
the Ensign follows the left file of section six. 

If the Standard Guard is in the column, the Lieutenant 
and Standard Bearer take the left of the first and sixth 
sections, respectively. The middle letters are opened on 



170 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

the flanks so that the Ch. and Jr. St. Gd. will form the 
tops, in echelon, and the two left files of section seven, the 
bottom (in echelon) of the two middle letters. 

Seeing the formation is completed the column is moved 
forward. 

To Reduce Initial of the Order. 

375. i. Column of sections. 2. Front into line. 3. March. 
At the second command the leading section marches for- 
ward; the flanks of the second and fourth sections move 
forward into line of their sections, as do the center files 
of the third and fifth sections; the right three of the sev- 
enth section executes left front into line; the other odd files 
and officers hasten to their places in column, and each 
section in succession marches forward at the caution of 
their chief, on regaining proper distance. 

276. 1. Form Initials of Sentiment. 2. March. 3. For- 
ward. 4. March. 5. Guide left. 

At the second command the first section halts and the 
Lieutenant places himself on its left; the right three of sec- 
tion two executes right for- 
1J ward files right on number 
1 of the leading section, 
and number 4 closes on its 
Y1 center; number 5 places 
1 himself in rear of the Lieu- 
tenant about one yard dis- 
tant; number 6 in his rear, the same distance; the third 
section moves forward and dresses on number 6 of the 
second section. The left three of the fourth section exe- 
cutes left forward, files left on number 6, of the second 
(number 7 on left of the third) section; the right three 
(fourth section) executes right forward Hies right, and halts, 



/Ii«_ 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 171 

and the fifth section closes upon it by marching straight 
forward. The right three of the sixth section executes 
right forward files right on number i of the fifth section; 
number 6 of section six quickly places himself in trace of 
the guides, midway between the left three of section four 
and the left of section five, which is formed by number 5 
of sixth section, while number 4 follows his late left guide, 
one yard in his rear. The Ensign follows the column at 
two yards distance, on a line with the guides. 

To Reduce the Initials. 

2,77. 1. Column of sections. 2. Front into line. 3. March. 

At the third command the first section moves forward; 
the right threes of sections two, four, and six, execute left 
front into line; officers and odd files regain their places in 
column of sections, and each section in succession moves 
forward at the caution of its chief, on regaining its place 
in column. 

To Form Honr-glass from Column of Sections. 

378. i. Form hour-glass. 2. March. 3. Forward. 4, 
March. 5. Guide center. 

At the second command the leading section advances by 
short steps; the Lieutenant places himself 
on the left of the first section; the Ensign ^EEsmmssss 
on the left of the sixth section; the right es | ej 
file of the second section marches forward es_ jbs 

and closes to about thirty inches in rear 
of the right file of the leading section; the 
others of the section face to the right, exe- es ^ 
cuting right forward, -files right, except that isa * es 
the second file turns to the left so that ku-a .^aivm^JS^ 
nearly half of his body will cover the Chev- 
alier (number one) who was on his right, and regulates 



172 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

his steps so as to gain a distance, in echelon, of thirty-two 
inches from number one of his section; the others of the 
second section execute the same movement on their for- 
mer right files until the left file in advancing, after turning 
to the left, finds himself about twenty-one feet from the 
rear of the leading section, and partly covering the fourth 
file thereof with the left half of his body. The third sec- 
tion executes the movement to the left on the Lieutenant, 
so that its right file will find himself at the (left) side of 
number six of the second section. The Captain places 
himself in rear of number six of the second and number 
one of the third sections. The left file of the fourth sec- 
tion directs his march upon the center of the column (or 
left file of the second section) by advancing the left shoul- 
der until he finds himself in his rear, when he resumes the 
original direction, following in his trace and closed to 
thirty inches from the Captain, the others of the section 
shorten their steps, all except number one, inclining to the 
right, so that each advances, partly covering the file which 
was on his left, but following in trace of the same number 
in section (that is, the section is in echelon with the left 
in advance and with reduced front). The fifth section exe- 
cutes the same movement to the left, its right file covering 
the Captain with about half his body, thirty inches in 
rear, its left file following trace of the Lieutenant on the 
left of the leading section. The sixth section marches 
forward, with the Ensign on its left, and closes the base 
of the hour-glass — which is two triangles united at the 
angle by the Captain, who is between them. The figure 
is moved forward by the usual commands and means. 

To Reduce Hour-glass. 

379. I. Column of sections. 2. Left and right front into 
line. 3. March. 4. Guide left. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 173 

At the command march, the officers resume their places 
in column; the leading section continues the march; the 
right file of the second section shortens his steps until he 
has gained section distance, and the others of the section 
quickly place themselves in succession on his left, as in 
left front into line. The leading file of the third section 
marks time until he has gained double section distance 
from the leading guide, which he covers, when he resumes 
the forward, march; the others of the section, as soon as 
unmasked, execute right front into line on their left guide. 
The leading file of the fourth section inclines to the left 
until he is in trace of the leading guide, shortening his 
steps until at proper distance from the guide of section 
three; the others of his section march forward, inclined to 
the left, and re-form the section. The fifth section exe- 
cute the movement to the right, and all regulate their 
steps so as to regain their places in column. 

To Form Cul-de-sac from Line. f 

380. By Cul-de-sac is meant three sides of a military 
square. Three platoons of the Canton having been pre- 
viously designated: 

1. Form Cul-de-sac. 2. March. 3. Left and right wheel. 
4. March. 5. Forward. 6. March. 7. Guide center. 

At the first command, the Lieutenant, chief of the right 
platoon, commands: 1. First platoon. 2. Left wheel. The 
Ensign commands: 1. Third platoon. 2. Right wheel. 
The Ch. St. Gd. cautions the center subdivision: 1. Sec- 
ond platoon, stand fast (or 2. Halt, if in march). At the 
second command the first and second platoons wheel as 
ordered; the pivots taking steps so as to bring them, on 
completion of the wheel, in front of the Chevaliers who 



174 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

were on their left and right respectively, before the move- 
ment commenced. When the wheels are nearly com- 
pleted, the chief adds: Forward, whereupon the chiefs of 
platoons command: 

Lieutenant, i. First platoon. 2. By the right flank. 

Ensign. 1. Third platoon. 2. By the left Hank. 

Ch. St. Gd. 1. Second platoon. 2. Forward. 

The command march is given as the wheels are com- 
pleted, when the open square marches in the direction in- 
dicated by the several commands, that is to the former 
front of the line. The Lieutenant and Ensign lead their 
respective columns, and the Captain occupies the center, 
or on a line with and between these officers. 

If desired, the first and third platoons may be halted, 
dressed and faced to the proper front before the Cul-de-sac 
is moved forward. 

To Reduce Cul-de-sac. 

381. i. Center forward. 2. Columns right and left. 3. 
March. 4. By the left and right flanks. 5. March. 6. 
Guide center. 

The first platoon changes direction to the right, and the 
third platoon changes direction to the left, under the 
supervision of their chiefs, while the second platoon ad- 
vances at the caution of its chief. 

The Captain, seeing the rear of the column approach- 
ing the turning points, gives the third command in time 
to add march as the rear files of the first and third pla- 
toons change direction; when the flank platoons face and 
march in the original direction, and dress upon the center 
platoon, and the officers take their places in line. 

Or it may be reduced to line thus: 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 175 

382. i. Form line to the rear. 2. By the right and left 
flanks. 3. March. 4. Forward. 5. March. 6. Guide cen- 
ter. 

At the second command the chiefs of platoons com- 
mand: 

First platoon (placing himself quickly on the right flank 
of his platoon). 1. By the right flank. 2. Right wheel. 

Second platoon, Mark time. 

Third platoon (quickly placing himself on the left flank 
of his platoon). 1. By the left flank. 2. Left wheel. 

At the third command, the first platoon faces and im- 
mediately wheels to the right into line; the third platoon 
faces and wheels to the left into line; as they approach it, 
the chief of the Canton gives the fourth command, and the 
chief of the center platoon commands: 1. To the rear. 
When the flank platoons are entering the line, the chief 
of Canton adds the fifth command, and the center platoon 
faces about and the line moves forward (to the former 
rear). The guide is center according to the command. 

Or the Cul-de-sac may be reduced thus: 

383. 1. Column of platoons. 2. By the right flank, right 
wheel. 3. March. 4. Guide left. 

At the second command the Lieutenant hastens to the 
right and center of his column and commands: 

1. First platoon. 2. By the right flank. The Ch. St. Gd. 
commands: 1. Second platoon. 2. Right wheel. The En- 
sign orders: 1. Third platoon. 2. Mark time. 

The Captain then adds march, so that the first platoon 
can execute properly by the right flank, and when it so 
turns it is conducted in the new direction by its chief. 

Under command of the Ch. St. Gd., the second platoon 
wheels to the right and follows in trace of the first. The 



176 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

Ensign faces his platoon to the right and marches it for- 
ward so as to gain his proper distance. 

The column is now right in front, v/ith the first platoon 
in inverse order. To cause it to regain its original order 
in column, command: 

1. Column right. 2. First platoon to the rear, left wheel. 
3. March. 

At the second command the chiefs of the second and 
third platoons command: 1. Mark time. At the command 
march, the first platoon executes to the rear, march, and 
wheels to the left on a fixed pivot, then marches forward 
under orders of its chief, when the other platoons take up 
the forward march at command of their chiefs, and the 
second platoon wheels to the right on a movable pivot 
under direction of its chief, commencing the wheel just 
before it reaches the point where the pivot of the first 
platoon turned to the left. The third platoon follows in 
trace of the second, and distances are carefully main- 
tained. 

To Reduce Cul-de-sac to the Front, forming Column 
of Platoons. 

384. i. Column of Platoons. 2. By the left flank, right 
wheel. 3. March. 4. Guide left. 

The first platoon executes by the left flank, march, wheels 
to the right on a fixed pivot, and continues the march. 
The third platoon gains ground to the left to make room, 
and faces to the right. The second platoon marches for- 
ward, and the third platoon wheels to the left into column; 
each under command of its chief, and each maintains its 
distance. 









- 




CZJt- 






□ 




's 




□ 






\ 


a 


... 


.1. 


I 


1 1 I 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 177 

To Form Cul-de-sac from Column of Platoons or 
Sections. 

385. i. Form Cul-de-Sac. 2. Right forward files right. 3. 
March. 4. Forward. 5. March. 

Being in column of three platoons 

At the second command the first platoon 
chief commands: 1. Right forward. 2. 
Files right, when its right file obliques 
twenty-two inches to the right before 
marching forward, and when it has gained 
platoon distance the chief halts it; the chief 
of the second platoon commands forward 
and conducts, halts, and dresses his subdi- 
vision to the right on the last file of the 
first platoon. The chief of the rear platoon 
wheels it to the left, marches it by the right 
flank and halts it so that the rear file will be on the left 
of the second platoon. 

It is dissolved as before explained. 

Cul-de-sac is formed from column of sections by similar 
means. 

To Form Fraternal Chain from Column of Threes. 

386. i. Form fraternal chain. 2. March. 3. Forward. 
4. March. 

At the command march the column takes the short step 
and the following movements are executed: 

First three. — Number two advances by the regular step; 
when he has gained thirty inches numbers one and three 
advance. 

Second three. — Number one obliques to the right until 
he has gained an interval of twenty-two inches to the 
right, and thirty inches in rear of number one of the lead- 
12 



I78 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRI'.L 

^ ing three (or as if covering, thirty inches dis- 

tance, a hie on the right of the leading file of 
I the threes in his front); number two, as soon 

as disengaged, marches to the right, covering 
his number one, and thirty inches in his rear; 
^ N^ number three obliques twenty-two inches to 
^7 [ " r Z m the left, dressing on number one of his three 
__^ (thirty inches distance from a number four in 
s£^ the leading three, if such a file was on the left 
E23 of its number three). 

O ^ Third three. — Number one places himself 

O m thirty inches in rear of number one of the 

m m second three; number two obliques to the left 

^ o and places himself thirty inches in rear of 

^ ^ number three of the second three; number 
m three places himself thirty inches in rear of 

^ number two of his three, 

m ^ Fourth three. — Numbers one and three march 

^ ^ straight forward until they are twenty-two 

Ea ^ inches to the left and right, and thirty inches 

m m i n rear Q f numbers one and three of the third 

E^ v® three respectively, and covering numbers one 
^ and three of the leading three; number two 

^ regulates his steps so that he shall follow in 

trace of numbers two of the leading three and thirty inches 
retired from the others of his own three. 
This forms the first link of the chain. 
Fifth three. — Number two advances to within thirty 
inches of number two of the fourth three, and the others of 
this three take the same relative position as has been de- 
scribed for the leading three, and, with the sixth, seventh, 
and eighth threes, form the second link, as has been de- 
scribed for the first link. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 179 

The ninth, tenth, eleventh, and twelfth threes in like 
manner form the third link. 

The Lieutenant places himself thirty inches in advance 
of number two of the leading three, and the Ensign fol- 
lows, in like manner, number two of the last threes. 

To Reduce Fraternal Chain. 

387. I. Form column. 2. March. 3. Forward. 4. March. 
At the third command number two of the leading three 

marks time until numbers one and three march forward, 
by short steps, and re-form the three, and the three then 
marches forward; the second and third threes regain their 
places in column of threes, each by the most direct route, 
and march forward; number two of the fourth three ad- 
vances so as to re-form his three, which also marches for- 
ward when it has gained its place. 

The other three re-form as has just been described for 
the first four threes, and the officers take their places, when 
the concluding commands are given. 

To Form Column of Twos from Column of Threes. 

388. i. Form column of twos. 2. March. 3. Forward. 
4. March. 

At the second command numbers one and two of each 
section take a full step forward and halt; numbers three 
face to the right and place themselves thirty-two inches 
in rear of numbers one; numbers four advance obliquely 
and place themselves on the left of numbers three; and 
numbers five and six, as soon as disengaged, oblique to 
the right so as to cover numbers three and four. The 
leading and rear guides take their places in the column at 
once, and, each two having gained its distance, the column 
is moved forward at the will of the chief. 



l80 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

By regulating the step so as to preserve distances the 
movement may be executed in march. 

To Re-form Column of Threes. 

389. i. Form column of threes. 2. March. 

The leading two of each section take one full step and 
halt, and the other files regain their places by the most 
direct means. 

To Form Star from Column of Threes or Sections. 

390. i. Form star. 2. March. 3. Guide center. 

At the command march the Lieutenant places himself 
on the left of the leading three, which wheels in a circle 
about him, its pivot describing a circle of about forty-eight 
inches in diameter; Captain places himself twenty inches 
in front and left of Lieutenant, half of whose body covers 
him (•'•); the other threes advance and wheel on the same 
ground as the leading three, keeping the distances equal 
As the rear three is about to commence the wheel, the 
Ensign quickly places himself by the side of the Lieu- 
tenant, and the three officers form a triangle within the 
circling threes (.*.), facing outward, and stand back to 
back. 

The circular movement is kept up in lieu of a direct 
march, and innumerable radiations from, or formations 
about, the center are made, in some of which the circle 
will necessarily be increased in size, to give room for the 
formations; for example: 

1. Threes right. 2. March. 

Each three wheels and marches directly from the center. 

1. Threes right about. 2. March. 

They execute the movement, and on nearing the center 
are caused to resume the former wheel by column in circle, 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. l8l 

thus: i. Threes right. 2. March. Then may follow: 1. 
Form sections. 2. Left oblique. 3. March; then I. Left 
threes. 2. To the rear. 3. March, causes those nearest 
the center to reverse the circle, while the threes on the 
outer flank continue the march. 

1. To the rear. 2. March is executed by all. Then, 
after wheeling about the officers: 1. Right threes. 2. To 
the rear. 3. March. The third command is given as the 
threes of the original leading section approach, so that 
when executed all the sections will be re-formed. 

The following may be executed consecutively: 

1. Right threes in circle. 2. Right wheel. 3. March. 

1. Left threes in circle. 2. Right wheel. 3. March. 

The sections being united: 1. Center forward. 2. Files 
left and right. 3. March. 

1. Left files. 2. To the rear. 3. March. 

1. To the rear. 2. March. 

1. Right files. 2. To the rear. 3. March, in time to re- 
form column of twos, as before. Then: 1. Right and left 
front into sections. 2. March. 

1. Sections in circle. 2. By the right flank. 3. March. 

At the third command each section executes by the right 
flank, march, and its leading file commences a circle (fol- 
lowed by the files of his section), whose diameter is about 
forty-eight inches, the files being careful to preserve their 
distances, and each head of section arriving at the same 
part of its own circle at the same time with the others. 

1. Column of files. 2. In circle. 3. Forward. 4. March. 

At the command march, given as the leading file reaches 
the ground from which it commenced the last movement, 
it marches in a circle section-distance about the officer, 
following the trace of the one in front, and followed sue- 



l82 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

cessively by the files of his section, as it unwinds, until all 
are marching in one circular column of files. 

i. Form threes. 2. Left oblique. 3. March, forms col- 
umn of threes marching in circle. 

1. Form sections. 2. Left oblique. 3. March, re-forms 
sections. 

1. By the right flank. 2. March, sends them off ray-like 
in columns from the center. 

1. To the rear. 2. March, brings them back. 

1. By the right Hank. 2. March, re-forms column of sec- 
tions. 

1. Right by threes. 2. March, forms column of threes. 

1. Right by files. 2. March, forms column of files. 

Now execute the following, giving each separate com- 
mand as the feet successively strike the ground. Com- 
mence by giving the first command as the left foot is 
planted: 

1. To the rear. 2. March. 3. To the rear. 4. March. 
5. By the right flank. 6. March. 

This executes to the rear twice, followed by the right 
flank. It requires practice, but when acquired is easily 
executed and is attractive. If desired, give the fifth and 
sixth commands only. The files go off from the center 
independently and not together. They are returned by the 
commands: 1. To the rear. 2. March, and when the files 
approach each other: 1. By the right Hank. 2. March, re- 
forms circular column of files. 

1. Forward. 2. March. 

At the second command the Lieutenant takes his place 
at the head and conducts the column straight forward, in 
a tangent, and the Ensign places himself in rear as the 
column unwinds. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 183 

The foregoing are but suggestions. The combinations 
are without number. If there are eighteen in line they 
wheel by sections, etc., as before, forming obtuse angles; 
the Captain in the center. It looks quite as well or better 
with one in the center, but this cannot be done so well 
if the Lieutenant and Ensign are present. If the Standard 
is present it occupies the center. 

During this march, in circular column of sections about 
the Captain, he may command: i. Threes. 2. Right for- 
ward. 3. Files right. 4. March, when each three exe- 
cutes it, forming two (circular) columns of files at forty- 
four inches interval. Then: 1. Rear rest. 2. Swords, 
and march one of the columns to the rear, etc. 

Or when in (circling) column of threes or sections, com- 
mand: 1. To the rear. 2. Left (or right) wheel. 3. March, 
when the subdivisions execute the first and immediately 
commence the second movement. 



HONORS PAID BY PATRIARCHS 
MILITANT. 



Honors due to official position should be paid by Patri- 
archs Militant whether in Canton assembled, or under 
arms. 

i. The Grand Sire (ex-oMcio Commander-in-Chief) — 
will be received with standards and colors drooping, Offi- 
cers and Chevaliers saluting, and the bands, trumpets, or 
field music playing: " Hail to the Chief." 

2. A Major-General — the same as the Grand Sire, ex- 
cept the trumpets sound two flourishes, or drums beat two 
ruffles. 

3. A Brigadier — the same as the Grand Sire, except that 
the trumpets sound a flourish or drums beat a ruffle. 

4. A Colonel is received with banners and colors 
drooping, officers and Chevaliers presenting. When with 
his own command, the trumpets also sound a flourish, or 
drums beat a ruffle. 

5. Field Officers (other than the Colonel), are re- 
ceived by their own battalions with colors and banners 
drooping, officers and Chevaliers presenting. 

6. Captains are received by their own Canton, the same 
as field officers. 

7. Elective Officers of the Sovereign Grand 
Lodge, other than the Grand Sire — the same as the Grand 
Sire, except that the trumpets sound three flourishes, or 
the drums beat three ruffles. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 185 

8. Grand Officers of State Grand Bodies, above 
the rank of Grand Warden, within their own jurisdiction, 
are received in the same manner as a Major-General. 

9. Grand Representatives to the Sovereign Grand 
Lodge, when acting in that official capacity, the same as a 
Brigadier. 

10. The President of the United States, and Gov- 
ernors within their own States, are paid the same honors 
as Elective Officers of the Sovereign Grand Lodge, other 
than the Grand Sire. 

11. The Vice-President of the United States, mem- 
bers of the Cabinet, Chief- Justice, President of the Senate, 
and Speaker of the National House of Representatives, 
General-in-Chief of the United States Army, or ranking 
officer of the navy, are paid the same honors as a Major- 
General. 

12. The Secretary of State, Treasurer, Auditor, Register, 
Adjutant, and Quartermaster-General, Chief-Justice, and 
Speakers of both branches of the Legislature, within their 
State, and Mayor of a city, within the corporate limits, the 
same as a Brigadier. 

13. Other distinguished persons according to their rank 
and dignity, the same as a Brigadier or field officer. 

14. The National colors passing a body of Chevaliers 
under arms, are saluted — the trumpets or other music 
sounding: "The Star Spangled Banner." 

15. The commanding officer is saluted by all commis- 
sioned officers in command of Patriarchs Militant, and by 
the Chevaliers. 

16. Officers salute each other on meeting and in making 
and receiving official reports. When under arms the sa- 
lute is made with the sword, if drawn; otherwise, with the 



l86 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

hand. A mounted officer or Chevalier dismounts before 
addressing a superior not mounted; the junior always 
saluting first. 

17. Sentinels face in the direction of their beat, towards 
the person entitled to honors, and present when officers 
cross it. 

18. Guards turn out and present on the approach of 
the Officer of the Day, Commandant of the Camp, Grand 
Sire, Grand Master within his State, President of the 
United States, or Governor within his State and general 
officers. 

Escorts of Honor. 

Escorts of honor are detailed for the purpose of re- 
ceiving and escorting personages of high rank, civil or 
military. 

Chevaliers who are well drilled, and none others, should 
form a part of such an escort: -first, for the credit of the 
Canton; second, that it may be considered a compliment 
to be so detailed and stimulate to increased attention to 
drill. 

The escort forms in line, opposite the place where the 
personage presents himself, the band on the flank of the 
escort toward which it will march. On the appearance of 
the personage, he is received with the honors due to his 
rank. The escort is formed into column of companies, 
platoons, or threes, and takes up the march, the personage 
and his staff or retinue taking position in rear of the 
column. On leaving the escort, line is formed and the 
same honors are paid as before. When the position of 
the escort is at a considerable distance from the point 
where the personage is to be received, as, for instance, 
where a courtyard or wharf intervenes, a double line of 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 187 

sentinels is posted from that point to the escort, facing in- 
ward; the sentinels successively salute as he passes, and 
are then relieved and join the escort. An officer is ap- 
pointed to attend him, to bear such communications as he 
may have to make to the commander of the escort. 

Escort of Body too Large for a Small Detacliinent to 
Observe the Form just Given. 

The escort is formed in line parallel with the line of 
march, the right resting farthest from the point of recep- 
tion. An officer or Chevalier attends upon the visiting 
Canton. When all is ready, the Commandant is given 
proper notice, and the officer or Chevalier conducts the 
Canton to be escorted in front of and past the escort, which 
pays the honors due to the chief in command of the vis- 
itors, or at least by presenting swords. The Canton to be 
escorted marches past in column of threes, sections, or 
platoons, officers and standards saluting, Chevaliers at a 
carry, and halts when the rear is about fifteen yards from 
the band of the escort, wheels into line, .and the escort 
marches past with the same honors exchanged as before; 
the conducting officer or Chevalier rejoining his Canton 
as it passes. The march is taken up by the escorted Can- 
ton, which follows the escort in column of platoons, sec- 
tions, or threes; the escort halts in front of the quarters* 
of the escorted, forms line, and the guests march past into 
their quarters, the same honors being paid as before. 

Reception and Escort of a Grand Officer. 

Justice and courtesy to a Grand Officer, making an 
official visit, requires that he should be received with all 
the formalities to which his rank entitles him. 



l88 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

The escort is commanded by the next in rank to the 
presiding officer; or, if the body is not in session, by the 
chief himself. 

At the command present swords, the honors are given as 
described, and the escort is conducted as before explained, 
according to circumstances. 

Past Officers, of assimilated rank, nearest to the Grand 
Officer, should be selected as the escort, if practicable, un- 
less they should happen to be awkward in ranks, in which 
case they ought not to be selected in any event, if well 
drilled Chevaliers can supply their places. 

Escort of the Color. 

The regiment being in line, the Colonel details a Can- 
ton, other than the color Canton, to receive and escort the 
color to its place in line. 

The escort is formed in column of platoons, the band 
in front, the Color Bearer between the platoons. The es- 
cort then marches, without music, to the Colonel's office 
or quarters, is formed in line facing the entrance and 
halted, the band on the right, the Color Bearer in rear of 
the line. 

The Color Bearer, preceded by the Lieutenant and fol- 
lowed bv a Chevalier of the escort, then goes to receive 
the color. 

When the Color Bearer comes out, followed by the Lieu- 
tenant and Chevalier, he halts before the entrance, facing 
the escort; the Lieutenant places himself on the right, the 
Chevalier on the left of the Color Bearer; the escort pre- 
sents swords, and the field music sounds to the color. 

Swords are brought to the carry; the Lieutenant and 
Chevalier return to their posts; the Canton executes pla- 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 189 

toons right, the band taking post in front of the column; 
the Color Bearer places himself between the platoons; 
swords are then brought to the right shoulder, and the 
escort marches in quick time, with guide left, back to the 
regiment, the band playing; the march is so conducted 
that when the escort arrives at fifty paces in front of the 
right of the regiment, the direction of the march shall be 
parallel to its front; when the color arrives opposite its 
place in line, the escort is formed in line to the left and 
halted; the Color Bearer, passing between the platoons, 
advances and halts twelve paces in front of the Colonel. 

The Color Bearer having halted, the Colonel, who has 
taken post thirty paces in front of the center of his regi- 
ment, faces about, commands: i. Carry. 2. Swords. 3. 
Present. 4. Swords, resumes his front and salutes; the 
field music sounds to the color, and the Color Bearer re- 
turns the color salute. 

The colonel then faces about, brings the regiment to 
a carry, after which the Color Bearer takes his post with 
the color Canton, the regiment is then brought to order 
swords. 

The escort presents and carries swords with the regi- 
ment, at the command of the Colonel, after which the Cap- 
tain forms it again in column of platoons, and, preceded 
by the band, marches it at right shoulder to its place in 
line, passing around the left flank of the regiment. 

The band plays until the escort passes the left of the 
line, when it ceases playing and returns to its post on the 
right, passing in rear of the regiment. 

The regiment may be brought *to a rest when the escort 
passes the left of the line. 

The color is escorted from the parade ground of the 



190 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

color Canton to the Colonel's office or quarters by the 
color guard. 

Ceremonies. 

At parades and reviews, the field and staff are habitu- 
ally mounted; they are dismounted when the reviewing 
officer is dismounted. 

For Reviews. 

The Adjutant or Adjutant-General posts Chevaliers or 
otherwise marks the points where the column changes di- 
rection, in such manner that the right flank in passing 
shall be about twelve paces from the reviewing officer. 
He also marks a point about fifty paces to the left of the 
reviewing officer, where each Canton is brought to the 
carry at the command of its Captain; the Cantons success- 
ively resume the right shoulder about fifty paces beyond 
the reviewing officer. 

The post of the reviewing officer, usually opposite the 
center of the line, is marked by a flag. 

The reviewing officer should be at the flag before the 
head of the column reaches that point; before that time 
he may take any position to observe the movements of 
the troops. 

The reviewing officer, his staff, and others accompa- 
nying him salute the color by uncovering, whether the 
color salutes or not; the reviewing officer alone returns 
the salutes of Commanders of battalions, and all higher 
units. 

The staff of the reviewing officer is in single rank, six 
paces in rear of him, in the following order from right 
to left: Chief of staff, Adjutant-General, aides, then the 
other members of the staff in the order of rank, the 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 191 

senior on the right; the flag and orderlies place them- 
selves three paces in rear of the staff, the flag on the right. 

Officers of the same or higher grade and distinguished 
personages invited to accompany the reviewing officer 
place themselves on his left; their staffs and orderlies place 
themselves on the left of the staff and orderlies of the 
reviewing officer; all others who accompany the reviewing 
officer place themselves on the left of his staff, their order- 
lies in rear. 

While riding around the troops, the reviewing officer 
may direct his staff, flag, and orderlies to remain at the 
post of the reviewing officer, or that only his personal 
staff and flag shall accompany him. 

The staff officers, in passing around the troops, or in 
review, ride in one or more ranks, according to the num- 
ber. 

Commanders of brigades and divisions take their places 
in the column in time to allow the Commanders in front 
of them to take their places when at one hundred paces 
from the reviewing officer. 

The staff, flag, and orderlies of brigade and division, 
Commanders place themselves in the order prescribed for 
the staff, flag, and orderlies of the reviewing officer. 

Commanders of brigades and divisions and their staff 
officers draw sword when they take their places in column 
before passing in review; they return sword immediately 
after placing themselves on the right of the reviewing 
officer. 

When a Commander of a division, brigade, or regiment 
turns out of the column to place himself near the review- 
ing officer, his post is on the right of the Commanders 
already there; his staff will arrange themselves in single 



192 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

rank on the right of the staff already there; his flag and 
orderlies in rear of his staff. Each Commander, when his 
rear Canton has passed, salutes the reviewing ofhcer, and 
with his staff and orderlies rejoins his command. 

The Brigade Commander, while the reviewing officer is 
not in front or in rear of his brigade, may cause it to stand 
at ease, rest, or fall out, and resume attention so as not to 
interfere with the ceremony. 

The Colonels repeat the commands of the Brigade Com- 
mander. 

Whenever the Colonel faces the line to give commands 
the Majors face at the same time; they resume their front 
after seeing the movement executed. All such commands 
are executed when they have been repeated by the Majors. 
When the command repeated is present arms, the Colonel's 
staff salute at the command of the Colonel; the Colonel 
and Majors salute after resuming their front. The same 
rules apply to the Colonels and Majors, and to the Gener- 
al's and Colonel's staff when the Brigade Commander 
gives commands. 

When the General or Colonel faces the line to give com- 
mands, the staff and orderlies do not change position. 

When the rank of the reviewing officer entitles him to 
the honor, each color salutes at the command present arms, 
given or repeated by the Major of the battalion with which 
it is posted, and again in passing in review. 

The band of each regiment plays while the reviewing 
officer is passing in front and in rear of the regiment. 

Each band, after passing the reviewing officer, turns out 
of the column and takes post in front of the reviewing 
officer, continues to play until its regiment has passed, 
then ceases playing and follows in rear of its regiment; 
the band of the next following regiment then commences. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 193 

While marching in review, but one band in each brig- 
ade plays at a time, and but one band at a time when 
within one hundred paces of the reviewing officer. 

When the color salutes, in formations for review, the 
march, flourishes, or ruffles are sounded by all the field 
music; in passing in review, by the field music with the 
band that is halted in front of the reviewing officer. 

The formation for review may be modified to suit the 
ground, and the present in line and the ride around the 
line by the reviewing officer may be dispensed with; the 
troops march in review with the guide either right or left, 
according as the post of the reviewing officer is on the 
right or left of the column; the officers and non-commis- 
sioned officers who have designated places on a flank of 
the column when the guide is right are on the opposite 
flank when the guide is left; in the latter case,' Command- 
ers and their staffs turning out of the column take post 
as prescribed, but to the left of the reviewing officer. 

Except in the review of a single battalion, the troops 
pass in review in quick time only. 

In reviews of divisions, each battahon, after its rear 
has passed the reviewing officer fifty paces, takes the 
double time for one hundred paces, in order not to inter- 
fere with the march of the column in rear. 

The troops, having passed the reviewing officer, return 
to their camps by the most practicable route, being care- 
ful not to delay the march of the troops in rear of them. 

Battalion Review. 

The reviewing officer takes his post. 
The battalion being in line, at carry swords, the Major, 
in front of and facing the center, commands: i. Prepare 

for reviezv. 2. Open ranks. 3, March. 4. Front. 
13 



194 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

Ranks being opened, the Major takes post facing to the 
front, twenty paces in front of the center of the battalion. 
The reviewing officer moves a few paces toward the Major 
and halts, when the Major turns about and commands: 
i. Present. 2. Swords. 

Should the rank of the reviewing officer entitle him to 
the honor, the color salutes as swords are presented, and 
the band or field music sounds the march, flourishes, or 
ruffles. Swords having been presented, the Major turns 
about and salutes. 

The reviewing officer returns the salute, after which the 
Major turns about and brings the battalion to order swords, 
turns again to the front, and returns sword. The review- 
ing officer now starts for the right of the line; the Major 
joins him, salutes, and, taking post on his right, accom- 
panies him around the battalion. The reviewing officer 
proceeds to the right of the band, passes in front of the 
Canton officers to the left of the line and returns to the 
right, passing in rear of the line. 

While the reviewing officer is going around the bat- 
talion, the band plays, ceasing when he leaves the right to 
return to his post. On leaving the right of the line, the 
Major takes his place on the left of the reviewing officer, 
accompanies him a few paces, salutes, moves directly to 
his post in front of the battalion, faces it, draws sword, 
and commands: 1. Carry. 2. Swords. 3. Close ranks. 
4. March. 5. Cantons right. 6. March. 

The column being formed, the Major commands: 1. 
Pass in review. 2. Forward. 3. Guide right. 4. March. 

The column moves off, the band playing; the column 
changes direction, without command from the Major, at 
the points indicated; the Major takes his post, six paces 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 195 

in front of the column, immediately after the second 
change; each Canton is brought to the carry at the point 
indicated; the band having passed the reviewing officer, 
turns to the left out of the column, takes post in front of 
and facing the reviewing officer, and remains there until 
the review terminates. 

The Major salutes when at six paces from the reviewing 
officer, and returns to the carry when six paces beyond 
him; the other officers, the non-commissioned staff, and 
Drum Major, salute and return to the carry at the points 
prescribed for the Major; in saluting, they turn the head 
and look toward the reviewing officer. If the reviewing 
officer be entitled to a salute from the color, the color 
salutes when at six paces from him, and is raised when 
at six paces beyond him; as the color salutes, the field 
music sounds the march, flourishes, or ruffles, the band 
continuing to play. 

The reviewing officer returns only the salute of the Ma- 
jor and the color; he salutes the color by uncovering. 

The Major, having saluted, takes post on the right of 
the reviewing officer, remains there till the rear of the 
battalion has passed, and then rejoins his battalion. The 
band ceases to play when the column has completed its 
first change of direction after passing the reviewing offi- 
cer. 

When the battalion arrives at its original position in 
column, the Major commands: i. Double time. 2. March. 

The band plays in double time. 

The battalion passes in review as before, except that, 
in double time, there is no saluting and swords are carried 
as prescribed in Par. 45, Manual of the Sword. 

The review terminates when the rear Canton has passed 
the reviewing officer; the band then ceases to play, and, 



196 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

unless otherwise directed by the Major, returns to the 
position it occupied before marching in review, or is dis- 
missed; the Major rejoins the battalion and may order 
quick time. The battalion then executes such movements 
as the reviewing officer may have directed, or is marched 
to its parade ground and dismissed. 

Marching past in double time may, in the discretion of 
the reviewing officer, be omitted; the review then termi- 
nates as before. 

When desirable that a battalion should be reviewed be- 
fore an inspector junior in rank to the commanding offi- 
cer, the commanding officer will receive the review, and 
will be accompanied by the inspector. 

Guard Mounting 1 . 

At the assembly the Chevaliers warned for duty fall in on 
their Canton parade grounds, facing to the front, super- 
numeraries falling in as file closers; each Ensign then 
verifies his detail, opens ranks, inspects the dress and gen- 
eral appearance, replaces by a supernumerary any Cheva- 
lier unfit to march on guard, and then closes ranks. 

The band takes post on the parade, so that the left of 
its front rank shall be twelve paces to the right of the 
guard when the latter is formed. 

At Adjutant's call, the adjutant, dismounted, proceeds to 
the parade ground and takes post so as to be twelve paces 
in front of and facing the center of the guard when formed; 
the Sergeant Major reports to the Adjutant and takes 
post facing to the left, twelve paces to the left of the front 
rank of the band; the band plays in quick or double time; 
the details are marched to the parade ground by the 
Ensign, with swords at the carry; the detail that arrives 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 197 

first is so marched to the line that, upon halting, the 
breast of the right Chevalier shall be near to and opposite 
the left arm of the Sergeant Major; the Ensign halts his 
detail, places himself in front of and facing the Sergeant 
Major, at a distance equal to or a little greater than the 
front of his detail; he then commands: I. Right. 2. 
Dress. The detail dresses up to the line of the Sergeant 
Major and Ensign, the right Chevalier placing his breast 
against the left arm of the Sergeant Major. Seeing the 
detail aligned, the Ensign commands: Front, and reports: 
The detail is correct; the Sergeant Major or acting Ser- 
geant Major salutes with the right hand after the report 
is made; the Ensign then passes by the right of the guard 
and takes post three paces in rear, at the order. 

Each of the other details is formed in like manner on 
the left of the one preceding; the Chevaliers and Ensign 
of each detail dress on those of the preceding details in 
the same rank or line. 

The Canton details alternate in taking the right of the 
line. 

When the last detail has formed, the Sergeant Major 
draws sword, verifies the detail, causes the guard to count 
sixes, and if there be more than three threes divides the 
guard into two platoons, after which he commands: i. 
Open ranks. 2. March. 

At the command march, the rear rank steps back and 
halts three paces in rear of the front rank; the Ensigns 
and supernumeraries three paces in rear of the rear rank; 
all dress to the right. The Sergeant Major verifies the 
alignment of the ranks, and then returns to the right of 
the front rank, faces to the left, commands: 3. Front, 
passes to a point midway between the Adjutant and the 



193 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

center of the guard, halts facing the Adjutant, salutes and 
reports: Sir, the details are correct; the Adjutant returns the 
salute, directs the Sergeant Major: Take your post, and then 
draws sword; the Sergeant Major faces about and takes 
post facing to the front, three paces to the left of the front 
rank. When the Sergeant Major has reported, the offi- 
cers of the guard take post, facing to the front, three 
paces in front of the center of the platoons, and draw 
swords. 

The Adjutant then commands: I. Officers, front and cen- 
ter. 2. March. 

The officers advance closing together and halt three 
paces from the Adjutant; the Adjutant then assigns the 
officers according to rank, as follws: Commander of the 
guard and chief of first platoon, chief of second platoon. 

The Adjutant then commands: I. Officers. 2. Posts. 
3. March. 

At the command march, the officers face about and re- 
sume their posts. The Adjutant then directs: Inspect your 
guard, sir; at which the officer commanding the guard 
faces about, commands: 1. Inspection. 2. Swords, re- 
turns sword and inspects the guard. 

During the inspection the band plays. 

The Adjutant, during the inspection, returns sword, ob- 
serves the general condition of the guard, and replaces 
by a supernumerary any Chevalier who does not present 
a creditable appearance. He also^ when so directed, se- 
lects an orderly for the commanding officer, and notifies 
the commander of the guard of his selection. 

The inspection ended, the adjutant places himself about 
thirty paces in front of and facing the center of the guard, 
and draws sword; the officers of the day take post in front 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 199 

of and facing the guard, about thirty paces from the Ad- 
jutant; the old Officer of the Day three paces to the right 
of and one pace to the rear of the new Officer of the Day. 

The Adjutant then commands: i. Order. 2. Swords. 
3. Parade. 4. Rest. 5. Sound off. 

The band, playing, passes in front of the officers of the 
guard to the left of the line, and back to its post on the 
right, when it ceases playing. 

The Adjutant then commands: 1. Guard. 2. Atten- 
tion. 3. Carry. 4. Swords. 5. Close ranks. 6. March. 

The ranks are closed as in the School of the Canton. 

The Adjutant then commands: 1. Present. 2. Swords, 
faces toward the new Officer of the Day, salutes, and then 
reports: Sir, the guard is formed. The new officer of the 
day, after the Adjutant has reported, returns the salute 
with the hand and directs the Adjutant: March the guard 
in review, sir. 

The Adjutant faces about, brings the guard to a carry, 
and commands: 1. Platoons right. 2. March. 

The platoons execute the movement; the band turns 
to the right and places itself twelve paces in front of the 
first platoon. 

The Adjutant places himself abreast of the first platoon 
and six paces from its left flank; the Sergeant Major, six 
paces from the left flank of the second platoon. 

The Adjutant then brings the guard to the right shoul- 
der and commands: 1. Pass in review. 2. Forward. 3. 
Guide right. 4. March. 

The guard marches in quick time past the officer of the 
day, according to the principles of review, and is brought 
to the carry at the proper time by the Commander of the 
Guard; the Adjutant, Chiefs of Platoons, Sergeant Major, 
and Drum Major, salute. 



200 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

The band, having passed the Officers of the Day, turns 
to the left out of the column, places itself opposite and 
facing them, and ceases to play when the rear of the col- 
umn has passed; the field music detaches itself from the 
band when the latter turns out of the column, and, re- 
maining in front of the guard, commences to play when 
the band ceases. In the absence of the band, the field 
music does not turn out of the column but continues in 
front of the guard. 

The guard having passed the Officers of the Day, the 
Adjutant halts; the Sergeant Major halts abreast of the 
Adjutant and one pace to his left; they then return sword 
and retire. 

The Commander of the Guard forms it into column of 
threes without halting, and marches it to its post. 

The Officers of the Day face toward each other and 
salute, the old Officer of the Day turning over the orders 
to the new Officer of the Day. 

While the band is sounding off, and while the guard is 
marching in review, the Officers of the Day stand at pa- 
rade rest with arms folded, and come to attention before 
the guard is to be presented, and again as the head of the 
column approaches. 

The new Officer of the Day returns only the salute of 
the Commander of the Guard and the Adjutant, making 
one salute with the hand. 

The Ensigns and supernumeraries come to parade rest 
and attention with the guard; they remain at order swords 
while the guard is being presented and formed into col- 
umn. The senior Ensign commands: I. Parade. 2. Rest, 
at the command march for passing in review, and: I. Su- 
pernumeraries. 2. Attention, when the Officers of the 
Day come to attention. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 201 

The Ensigns come to parade rest, and to attention with 
the supernumeraries. The rear of the column having 
passed the Officers of the Day, each Ensign marches his 
supernumerary to the Company parade and dismisses him. 

If the guard be not divided into platoons, the Adju- 
tant commands: i. Guard right. 2. March, and it passes 
in review as above; the Commander of the Guard is two 
paces in front of its center; the Adjutant is six paces from 
and abreast of its left flank; the Sergeant Major covers 
the Adjutant three paces in his rear. 

The Officer of the Day may direct the Adjutant: March 
the guard to its post, sir. The Adjutant faces about and 
commands: i. Guard to its post. 2. Threes right. 3. 
March; or, 3. Double time. 4. March. 

The guard wheels by threes to the right; the field music 
takes post in front; the Adjutant and Sergeant Major re- 
turn sword and retire; the Ensigns march off their super- 
numeraries; the Officers of the Day salute each other, 
and the band retires. 

As the new guard approaches the guard house, the old 
guard is formed in line at the carry, with its field music 
two paces to its right; and, when the field music at the 
head of the new guard arrives opposite its left, the Com- 
mander of the old guard commands: 1. Present. 2. 
Swords, and commands: 1. Garry. 2. Swords, when the 
new guard has passed. 

The new guard marches in quick time past the old 
guard, at a carry, Commanders of both guards saluting. 

The field music have marched three paces beyond the 
field music of the old guard, changes direction to the 
right, and followed by the guard, changes direction to 
the left, when on a line with the old guard; the changes 



202 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

of direction are without command. The senior Officer of 
the Guard halts on the line of the old guard, allows his 
guard to march past him, and, when its rear approaches, 
wheels it by threes to the left, halts it, establishes the left 
guide three paces to the right of the field music of the 
old guard, and on a line with its front, and then dresses 
his guard to the left; the field music with the new guard 
is two paces to its right. 

The new guard being dressed, the Commander of each 
guard, in front of and facing its right platoon, commands: 
I. Present. 2. Swords, resumes his front and salutes. 

The commanders having saluted, face their guards and 
command: 1. Carry. 2. Swords. 3. Order. 4. Swords. 

The detachments and sentinels of the old guard are re- 
lieved, and, as they come in, form on its left; both guards 
are brought to a carry; the Commander of the old guard 
then marches it, with the guide right, six paces to the 
front, when he commands: 1. Threes right. 2. March. 

The guard wheels by threes to the right, the field music 
begins to play and the guard marches in quick time past 
the new guard, which stands at present swords, Com- 
manders of both guards saluting. 

On arriving on the regimental, post, or camp parade, 
the Commander of the old guard forms it in line and halts 
it, orders successively the Canton details two paces to the 
front, and sends each, under charge of a Chevalier, to its 
Canton. 

Note. — As there are no non-commissioned officers, an 

experienced Chevalier is detailed to take command of each 

relief. 

Battalion Parade. 

40. At the assembly, the Cantons form under arms on 
their respective parade grounds, and are inspected by 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 203 

their Captains; the inspection being completed, Adju- 
tant's call is sounded, at which the line is formed on the 
battalion parade ground. 

The Major takes post at a convenient distance in front 
of the center, facing the line. 

At the command guides posts, the Sergeant Major takes 
post as in open ranks. 

The Adjutant, having commanded: Guides posts, directs 
the first Captain to bring his Canton to parade rest. The 
Captains, commencing on the right, successively face 
about and command: i. (Such) Canton. 2. Parade. 3. 
Rest, resume their front, and take the position of parade 
rest; the Adjutant takes post three paces to the right of 
the battalion, in line with the Captains, commands: sound 
off, and takes the position of parade rest. 

The band playing in quick time, passes in front of the 
Captains, to the left of the line, and back to its post on 
the right, when it ceases playing. At evening parade, 
when the band ceases playing, retreat is sounded by the 
field music. 

The Major stands at parade rest with arms folded while 
the band is playing, and resumes attention when swords 
are about to be presented. When the music ceases, the 
Adjutant faces to the left, and commands: 1. Battalion. 
2. Attention. 3. Carry. 4. Swords. 5. Open ranks. 

He aligns the guides for the rear rank, returns to the 
line of Captains, faces to the left, and commands: 6. 
March. 

He verifies the alignment of the officers and ranks, re- 
turns to the line of Captains, faces to the left, commands: 
front, then moves in quick time by the shortest line to 
a point midway between the Major and the center of the 



20 4 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

battalion, halts, faces the battalion, and commands: i. 
Present. 2. Swords. He then turns about, salutes the 
Major, and reports: Sir, the parade is formed. The Major 
returns the salute and directs the Adjutant: Take your post, 
sir. The Adjutant moves in quick time, passes by the 
Major's right, and takes post facing the battalion, three 
paces to the left of the Major and one pace less advanced. 

The Adjutant having taken his post, the Major draws 
sword, commands: 1. Carry. 2. Swords, and adds such 
exercises in the manual of the sword as he may desire, 
concluding with the order swords. The officers and Color 
Guard, having once executed order swords, remain in 
that position during the exercise in the manual. 

The Major then directs the Adjutant: Receive the reports, 
sir, and returns sword. The Adjutant, passing by the 
Major's left, advances in quick time toward the center of 
the line, halts midway between it and the Major, and com- 
mands: 1. Lieutenants. 2. Front and center. 3. March; 
or, 3. Double time. 4. March. 

At the first command, the Lieutenants carry swords. 

At the second command, each marches two paces in 
front of and opposite the right of his Canton and faces 
toward the center; the Drum Major at the same time faces 
to the left. 

At the command march, the Lieutenants and Drum Ma- 
jor march to the center, and successively face to the front; 
the Adjutant then commands: Report. 

The Drum Major and the Lieutenants, commencing on 
the right, successively salute and report: the Drum Major, 
band and Held music present or accounted for; or, (so many) 
musicians or field musicians absent; the Lieutenants, Canton 
(" Union," etc.) present or accounted for; or, (so many) 
Chevaliers absent. 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 205 

The reports having been made, the Adjutant commands: 
i. Lieutenants. 2. Posts. 3. March; or, 3. Double time. 4. 
March. 

At the command posts, the Lieutenants and Drum Major 
face outward. 

At the command march, they resume their posts and 
order swords; each Lieutenant passes around the right 
flank of his Canton. 

The Adjutant then turns about, salutes, and reports: 
Sir, all are present or accounted for; or, Sir, (so many) 
officers or Chevaliers are absent. The Major returns the 
salute and directs: Publish the orders, sir. 

The Adjutant turns about and commands: Attention to 
orders; he then reads the orders, and commands: 1. Offi- 
cers. 2. Center. 3. March. 

At the command officers, all the Captains return sword. 

At the command center, the Captains face to the center. 

At the command march, the Captains close to the center 
and face to the front; the Adjutant returns sword, turns 
about and takes post with the Major as previously pre- 
scribed. 

The Captains having closed and faced to the front, the 
senior Captain commands: 1. Forward. 2. Guide center. 
3. March. The Captains advance, the band playing; the 
left Captain of the right wing is the guide, and marches 
on the Major; at six paces from the Major the senior Cap- 
tain commands: 1. Officers. 2. Halt. The music ceases; 
the Captains halt and salute, keep the hand at the visor 
till the salute is returned, and drop it at the same time 
with the Major. The Major then gives such instructions 
as he may deem necessary, and this concludes the cere- 
mony. 



206 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

As the officers disperse, the music is resumed; each 
Lieutenant moves in front of his Canton, closes ranks, 
marches it to its parade ground and dismisses it; the band 
plays till the Cantons leave the parade ground. 

45. The Commanding Officer may direct that the Lieu- 
tenants march their Cantons in line, or in column of pla- 
toons, around the parade ground, changing direction and 
saluting as in passing in review; after passing the Major, 
they march them to their Canton parade grounds and dis- 
miss them. Or, he may direct that the Cantons move off 
in echelon, and march to their parade grounds. In these 
cases the officers remain with the Major until all the Can- 
tons have passed. 

Battalion Inspection. 

46. If there be both inspection and review, the inspec- 
tion may either precede or follow the review. 

The battalion being in column of Cantons at full dis- 
tance, all officers dismounted, the Major commands: I. 
Prepare for inspection. 2. March. 

At the first command, each Captain commands: Open 
ranks. 

At the command march, the ranks are opened in each 
Canton, as explained in the School of the Canton. 

The field musicians join their Cantons. 

The Drum Major conducts the band, if not already 
there, to its position in rear of the column, and opens 
ranks. 

The Adjutant takes position fifteen paces in front of the 
leading Canton; the Sergeant Major three paces in rear of 
the Adjutant; the Color Guard in one rank marches to 
the front and takes post three paces in rear of the Ser- 
geant Major, 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 207 

The Major takes post in front of the center of the col- 
umn, six paces in front of the Adjutant. 

47. Field and staff officers senior in rank to the inspec- 
tor do not take post in front of the column, but accom- 
pany him. 

After inspecting the Major and Adjutant, the inspector, 
accompanied by these officers, passes down the open col- 
umn, looking at the front and rear of each rank. The 
Major and Adjutant return sword as soon as inspected. 

The Major now commands: rest. 

48. The inspector, commencing at the head of the col- 
umn, makes a minute inspection of the Color Guard, and 
the arms, accouterments, and dress of each Chevalier of 
the several Cantons in succession, and inspects the band. 

The Adjutant gives the necessary commands for the in- 
spection of the Color Guard and band. 
The Color Guard may be dismissed as soon as inspected. 

49. As the inspector approaches each Canton, its Cap- 
tain commands: i. Canton. 2. Attention. 3. Carry. 4. 
Swords. 5. Inspection. 6. Swords, and faces to the front; 
as soon as inspected, he returns swords and accompanies 
the inspector 

Ranks are closed, and, on intimation from the inspector, 
the Captain marches the Canton to its quarters and dis- 
misses it. 

The band plays during the inspection of the Cantons. 

50. When the inspector approaches the band, the Adju- 
tant commands: 1. Inspection. 2. Instruments. 

Each man as the inspector approaches him raises his 
instrument in front of the body, reverses it so as to show 
both sides, and then returns it to its former position, 



208 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

Canton Inspection. 

51. Captains inspecting their Cantons on their own pa- 
rade grounds, use the commands and means prescribed for 
the Canton at battalion inspection. 

Inspection of a Canton on its own Parade. 

52. Should the inspector be other than the Captain, the 
Captain opens ranks, takes his post in front of the right 
of the Canton, and, when the inspector approaches, salutes. 

The inspection is made as before (Par. 49). 



FUNERAL ESCORT 

AND 

BURIAL OF A CHEVALIER. 



(Prepared by Lieut.-Gen. Jno. C. Underwood.) 



[The Ritual must not be taken to the grave. Upon all 
funeral occasions the Canton shall turn out in full dress 
uniform, with sword hilts, standard, and guidons appro- 
priately draped with crape. The Commandant of the Can- 
ton must appoint six pall-bearers, and at the appointed 
hour have his command at the residence of the deceased, 
etc., where it shall be formed in line facing the entrance. 
The pall-bearers must then be detached and ordered to 
report for duty within the house. The command will 
come to a parade rest, and await the completion of the 
civic ceremonies within the dwelling, or church, etc. 
When the pall-bearers approach with the corpse, the Cap- 
tain will command:] 

Captain. — i. Attention. 2. Carry. 3. Swords. 4. Pre- 
sent. 5. Swords. 

[After the coffin has been placed within the hearse, the 
Captain will command:] 

Captain. — 1. Carry. 2. Swords. 3. Reverse. 4. Swords. 
5. Threes right. 6. March. 7. Column right. 8. March. 
9. Column left. 10. March. 



210 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

[And marching, the Canton will take position imme- 
diately in front of the hearse, and conduct the column and 
procession to the place of interment. The pall-bearers will 
take position along each side of the hearse; two opposite 
the front wheels, two opposite the rear wheels, and two 
opposite the center, midway between I and 3 on each side. 
They will march with reversed swords, and move with 
such cadence as will keep pace with the hearse. On ap- 
proaching, and at a suitable distance from the grave, with 
the grave to either side of the line of march extended, the 
Captain will command:] 

Captain. — 1. Carry. 2. Swords. 3. Threes left. 4. 
March. 5. Canton. 6. Halt. 7. Right. 8. Dress. 9. 
Front. 10. Rear open order. 11. March. 12. Front. 13. 
Front rank. 14. About. 15. Face. 16. Present. 17. 
Swords. (See diagram 16.) 

[At the command Rear open order, the right and left 
guides will step four paces to the rear; at command march, 
the even numbers will step backward a little in rear of 
the guides, halt, and dress forward upon the line traced 
by them.] 

[The pall-bearers must pass between the lines, bearing 
the corpse to the grave. When the Canton is halted, the 
hearse will be turned to the right (or left), as may be most 
convenient, and stopped. The coffin will then be with- 
drawn and placed foot foremost, opposite the space be- 
tween the right files of the Canton, drawn up in open or- 
der. When these movements have been completed, and 
the corpse borne past the left of the line, the Captain and 
Standard Bearer (with banner) will follow, and take posi- 
tion at the foot and head of the grave, respectively. The 
Lieutenant assuming charge of the Canton, will com- 
mand:] 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 



211 



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DIAGRAM 16 



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212 



PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 



Lieutenant. — i. Carry. 2. Swords. 3. Front rank. 4. 
About. 5. Face. 6. Close order. 7. March. 8. Threes 
right. 9. March. 

[And moving the Canton in column of threes to a suit 
able position, according to the location of the grave, com- 
mands:] 

Lieutenant. 1. Column right (or left). 2. March. 3. 
Form Crown. 4. Left (or Right) by -file. 5. March (and if 
necessary), 6. Take double distance. 7. March. 

[And, placing himself by the side of the leading file, and 
giving the necessary number of commands (Column half 
right [or left.] march), will conduct him in a circle around 
the grave; and when the circle (or crown) is formed, com- 
mands:] 

Lieutenant. — 1. Canton. 2. Halt. 3. Right (or left). 4. 
Face. 5. Order. 6. Swords. 7. Parade. 8. Rest. (See 
diagram 17.) 



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CZZD 
(ZZD 



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DIAGRAM 17 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 213 

[The Captain, observing that the crown has been formed 
will proceed:] 

Captain. — Chevaliers, we are here to render the last rite 
the living may minister to the dead. Man is born to die. 
The coffin, the grave, the sepulcher, speak in silent lan- 
guage of human mortality. Youth, manhood, age; weak- 
ness, vigor, strength; poverty, affluence, riches; humility, 
pride, arrogance; influence, power, greatness; are all lev- 
eled by the immutable hand of death. 

The handiwork of the Creator constantly displays the 
unerring certainty of the end and decay of all things. The 
beautiful and exquisite plant creation, from the glories of 
the Tropics to the ever agreeable verdure of the North, 
alike, fade, wither, and die. So it is with the human 
family; the living of to-day become the dead of to-mor- 
row; and we, mortals, can but bow in recognition of the 
Divine law, which inevitably brings man to mother earth. 
He who now speaks to you, may, ere he moves from this 
sepulcher, be called to enter eternity; for all in time must 
occupy the silent tomb. The strong and mighty, may, in 
a moment, be swept into the unfathomable void between 
the living and the dead. 

As we behold the remains of our departed companion, 
let us, as " Patriarchs Militant," inwardly vow to throw 
the cloak of charity over the errors of the deceased Cheva- 
lier, and bury them from recollection under an arch of 
steel, as we bury the body in this grave, and let us monu- 
ment the memory of his noble worth by heralding the 
good, great, and knightly deeds only, of his honorable life. 

[The pall-bearers lower the coffin into the grave.] 

Captain. — The dust has returned to the earth, the spirit 
has gone to God who gave it. Have mercy on it, O Lord. 



214 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

[The Chevaliers respond:] 

Chevaliers. — Mercy, have mercy, O Lord. 

[At this point the Captain will deposit in the grave a 
crown of evergreens, saying:] 

Captain. — We place this crown within the grave as an 
emblem of the Order, and, as the evergreen is a token of 
immortality, so let our remembrance be undying. Cheva- 
liers, you will now inspect the tomb and deposit your last 
tribute. 

[Whereupon, the Lieutenant, Ensign, and Chevaliers, 
beginning at the left, will come to a " carry!' and one at a 
time advance to the grave, Present, Sword, and deposit 
with the left hand a sprig of evergreen; salute, and come 
to a " carry" return to place in line, at Parade, Rest. 
This movement having been completed, the grave will be 
filled with earth; the Lieutenant, when necessary, detailing 
Chevaliers for such service, and frequently relieving the 
shoveling parties by new details. As each party is re- 
lieved, it will resume position in line. The grave having 
been filled, and the mound properly shaped by the under- 
taker, the Lieutenant will command:] 

Lieutenant. — i. Canton. 2. Attention. 3. Carry. 4. 
Swords. 5. Present. 6. Swords. 

[Whereupon, the Chaplain will advance and take posi- 
tion under the banner at the head of the grave, and offer 
prayer. When the Chaplain has taken position, the Lieu- 
tenant will command:] 

Lieutenant. — 1. Carry. 2. Swords. 3. Order. 4. Swords. 
5. Parade. 6. Rest. 7. Canton. 8. Kneel. 9. Rest on. 
10. Swords. 

[The above movements having been executed, the Chap- 
lain will offer prayer as follows:] 



REGtJLATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 215 

Chaplain. — Our Father, who art the great creator of all 
things, who in Thy wise providence doth dispense Uni- 
versal Justice, we beseech Thee to hear the voice of Thy 
creatures here assembled in humble supplication. O God, 
the Almighty Ruler of the universe, we implore Thee, in 
our entire helplessness, to bless and comfort those whom 
it has pleased Thee to add to the number of the disconso- 
late; bear them up under their great affliction, and sustain 
them against despondency. 

O Heavenly Father, imbue us with the conviction of the 
uncertainty of life, and of the certainty of death; and we 
pray Thee to bless the brethren here assembley, who have 
committed the remains of a companion to their last rest- 
ing-place on earth. Constantly remind them of their obli- 
gations and duties as men and brethren through the va- 
rious walks of life; and grant Thy Holy Spirit to those 
whom Thou hast spared, and confirm their faith in Thee 
forever. Great Commander of Heaven and Earth, pre- 
serve the principles and purposes of our beloved Order, 
and defend it in the right; guard it against doing or coun- 
tenancing evil, and lead its members along the paths of 
virtue and righteousness. Amen. 
• Captain. — Chevaliers, we have administered the last rite 

to our departed friend, the Chevalier , and as the 

Supreme Judge extends mercy to our deceased comrade, 
so let us hope that He will to us, in turn, mercy show. 

[The Chevaliers respond:] 

Chevaliers. — Mercy show, O Lord. To us, mercy show. 

Chaplain and Captain. — Amen. 

[The Lieutenant, rising, will command so as to form 
column of " threes " from the right] 

Lieutenant. — i. Canton. 2. Rise. 3. Attention. 4. 



2l6 PATRIARCHS MILITANT DRILL 

Carry. 5. Swords. 6. Right (or left). 7. Face. 8. Form 
threes. 9. Left (or WgAf) oblique. 10. March, ii. Forward. 
12. March. 

[See Diagram 18.] 






Vrf. 



& 



V 



DIAGRAM 18. 

[And move the Canton at option, according to surround- 
ings at the grave, so as to form line facing either side (Jf 
the grave, and several paces from it. This being done, he 
will command:] 

Lieutenant. 1. Present. 2. Swords (and, saluting and 
addressing the Captain, say:) Sir, the line is formed. 

Captain. — 1. Banner. 2. Post. 

[Whereupon, the Standard Bearer, Pall Bearers, and 
Chaplain will take place in line, and the Captain, assum- 
ing command will move the Canton from the grave at 
will.] 



REGULATIONS AND CEREMONIES. 217 

[Unless necessary, the Canton will not be required to 
fill the grave; in which event it may be filled up by the 
Sexton after the conclusion of the ceremony.] 

[If the ground is damp the Canton shall not be required 
to kneel, and the Lieutenant must modify commands ac- 
cordingly.] 



INDEX. 

Pars. 
General Instruction 1-6 

School op the Chevalier. 

Alignments 73-78 

Assembling 12, 13 

At ease 15 

Attention 14 

Attention, to resume 16, 44 

Back step 33, 34 

Backward, march 81 

By the numbers 36 

By the right or left flank 83, 84 

Cadence of motions 36 

Cadence of steps 25, 28 

Carry, position of 37 

Change direction 85 

Change step 35 

Charge 52 

Color, manual of 72 

Column of files 83 

Dismiss the squad 18 

Double time 4, 28, 29, 90, 91 

Eyes right or left 19 

Facing distance 13 

Facings 20, 21 

Fall in 13, 15 

Fall out 15 

Forward march 79 

Guide in oblique march 88 

Halt 27 

Hand, salute with 22, 23 

Kneel 68 

Length of steps 25, 28, 31-33 

Manual of the sword , 36-70 

Marchings 79-91 

Mark time 30 

Oblique march 86-89 

Parade rest 17, 44 

Position of the chevalier 14 

Quick time 25, 91 

Rests 15 



INDEX. 219 

Pars. 

Salute with hand 22, 23 

Short step 31, 34 

Side step 32, 34 

Steps 25, 26, 31-35 

Sword, manual of the 36-70 

To the rear march 82 

Turnings '.92, 93 

Uncover 71 

School of the Canton. 

Alignments 105 

At ease, marching 158 

Attention, to resume 108, 158 

Canton movements executed as in squad 108 

Captain, in column or threes 112 

Captain, in column of platoons 134 

Captain, in turn and halt 108 

Captain and guides in all wheels by threes, general rule 112 

Change of direction in column of threes 115, 116 

Change of direction, slight 110 

Close ranks ~. 107 

Column of files from column of threes 128 

Column of threes from column of files 131 

Column of threes from column of platoons 155 

Column of threes to the front from line 118 

Column of threes to the right or left, from line 112, 113 

Column of threes to the right or left, from line of platoons in 

columns of threes 154 

Column of threes or files, faced to the flank or rear 130 

Column of platoons, change direction 138, 140 

Column of platoons, face and march to the rear 141 

Column of platoons, halts, obliques, marches, etc 135 

Column of platoons, to the front, from column of threes 156 

Column of platoons, to the front, from line 147 

Column of platoons, to the right or left, from line 133, 136 

Column of platoons, to the right or left, from line of platoons 

in columns of threes 150 

Column of files from column of threes 128 

Column of files, movements of 129 

Commands of chiefs of platoons, general rule 132 

Count sixes 102 

Dismiss the Canton 109 

Distance leading three, subdivision, etc., advances before halt- 
ing, general rule 123 



220 INDEX. 

Pars. 

Dress, in column of threes, general rule 114 

Face and march to the rear, from line 125, 126 

Fall in 102 

Forming the Canton 102-104 

Forward march taken upon completion of wheel by threes... 114 
General rules: 

Announcement of guide in changing direction 139 

Captain, in alignments 105 

Captain, in column of threes, etc 112 

Captain, in turn and halt 108 

Captain, guides, etc., in all wheels by threes 112 

Chief of subdivision in column, alignments 105 

Chief of subdivision in column takes post, when 132 

Commands by chiefs of platoons 132 

Distance leading three, subdivision, etc., moves to front 

before halting 123 

Dress in column of threes 114 

Guide of second or rear platoon in columns 137 

Guides, in column of threes, tiles, etc 112 

Guides take post, when 105 

March taken up on completion of wheel by threes 114 

Pivot, fixed in wheels by threes 112 

Guide, forming line from column of platoons 142 

Guide, in turn and halt 108 

Guides take post at command *• front " 105 

Leading three or subdivision, when halted 123 

Line, from column of threes 121-124 

Line, from column of platoons 142-145, 148 

Line of platoons in columns of threes, on right or left, from 

column of threes 153 

Line of platoons in columns of threes, to the front, from col- 
umn of threes 152 

Line of platoons in columns of threes, to the front, from line. 151 
Line of platoons in columns of threes, to the right or left, 

from column of threes 157 

Line of platoons in columns of threes, to the right or left, 

from column of platoons 149 

Line, on right or left, from column of threes 122 

Line, on right or left, from column of platoons 145 

Line, to the front, from column of platoons 148 

Line, to the front, from column of threes 124 

Line, to the front, from line of platoons in columns of threes. 151 

Line, to the right or left, from column of platoons 143 

Line, to the right or left, from column of threes 121 



INDEX. 221 

Pars. 

March at ease 158 

March by the flank, from column of platoons 149 

March by the flank, from line Ill 

March taken upon completion of wheel by threes, general 

rule 114 

March to the rear, from line 125, 126 

March to the rear in column of threes 120 

Movements executed as in squad 108 

Oblique, in column of threes 119 

Obstacles 127 

Open ranks 106 

Pivot, fixed and movable 111. 112, 115 

Platoons 95, 96, 108 

Platoons, movements by 132-157 

Post of Officers, etc 98-100 

Right or left forward, threes right or left 118 

Route step, and at ease 158 

Sections 96 

Swing of arms 108 

To the rear, from line 125, 126 

Threes right or left Ill, 121, 149 

Threes right or left about, in column of threes 120 

School of the Battalion. 
Adjutant and Sergeant-major post guides for close column... 242 

Adjutant, etc., when guide is changed, general rule 205 

Alignments 185, 186 

Arrangement of Cantons, table . .165 

Band and field music :168 

Change direction by the flanks in close column 249, 250 

Change front 220-223 

Change of direction in column of Cantons 210, 213, 214 

Change of direction in line, slight 179 

Close column 239-251 

Close column, change direction by the flank .249, 250 

Close column, deployments of 251, 252 

Close column, designated Canton in front 242 

Close column, faced to the front, from column of threes 244 

Close column, faced to the rear, from column of threes . .245 

Close column, faced to the right or left, from column of 

threes 246 

Close column, from column of Cantons 240 

Close column, from line 243 

Close column, in oblique direction 244 



222 INDEX. 

Pars. 

Close column, movements of 248, 250 

Close ranks 175 

Color and guard 166 

Column of Cantons face and march to the rear 212 

Column of Cantons from close column 241 

Column of Cantons from right or left to march to left or 

right 209 

Column of Cantons, halt 211 

Column of Cantons, successively, from column of threes 207 

Column of Cantons, to the front from column of threes 235 

Column of Cantons, to the front, from column of platoons. . .254 

Column of Cantons, to the rear, from line 206 

Column of Cantons, to the right or left, from line 203. 204 

Column of Cantons, to the right or left, from line of columns 

of threes 232 

Column of Cantons, to the right or left, from line of platoon 

columns 263 

Column of platoons, from column of Cantons '. . .254 

Column of platoons from column of threes 253 

Column of platoons, from line 253 

Column of platoons, from line of platoon columns 265 

Column of platoons, take and close distances 255 

Column of threes, from close column 247 

Column of threes, from column of Cantons 235 

Column of threes, from column of platoons 253 

Column of threes, from right or left, to march to left or 

right 190 

Column of threes, from line 188, 190 

Column of threes, movement same as in Canton 191 

Column of threes, successively, from column of Cantons 208 

Commands repeated or given by Captains 161 

Deployments of close column 251, 252 

Designations of Cantons and wings 165 

Dismiss the Battalion 1 76 

Distance between Cantons in column of threes 188 

Distance in close column, creneral rule 239 

Distance In column of subdivisions. 203 

Drum Major 169 

Equalizing Cantons 163 

Face and march to the rear in line 182, 183, 212 

Field and staff, posts of 167 

Formation, advancing considerable distances 181 

Formation of battalion 165 

Forming the battalion 170-173 



INDEX. 223 

Pars. 

Full distance, from close column 241 

General rules: 

Adjutant, etc., when guide is changed 205 

Captain at command guide center 178 

Captain dressing Canton 171 

Distance in close column 239 

Guides of subdivisions in column 205 

Successive formations 193 

Guide, announcement of 162 

Guides cover 216 

Guides, marching at route step and at ease 224 

Habitual formation, advancing considerable distances 181 

In mass 239-251 

Intervals in line 170 

Intervals in line of columns of threes 230 

Intervals in line of platoon columns 258 

Line by two movements from column of threes 198-202 

Line from close column 251. 252 

Line from column of Cantons 215, 217-219 

Line from line of Cantons in columns of threes 229 

Line from line of platoon columns 262 

Line of columns of threes, movements like battalion in line.. 226 

Line of Cantons in columns of threes at close intervals 230 

Line of Cantons, in columns of threes, change direction 228 

Line of Cantons in columns of threes, close and extend in- 
tervals 237, 238 

Line of Cantons in columns of threes, from column of Can- 
tons 233 

Line of Cantons in columns of threes, from line of platoon 

columns marching by the flank 269 

Line of Cantons in columns of threes, gain ground toward 

flank and front 227 

Line of Cantons in columns of threes, on right or left, from 

column of threes 231 

Line of Cantons in columns of threes, to the front, from 

column of threes 230 

Line of Cantons in columns of threes, to the front, from line. 225 
Line of Cantons in columns of threes, to the right or left. 

from column of threes 234 

Line of platoon columns, close and extend intervals 259 

Line of platoon columns, formations 260, 264, 266, 267, 270 

Line of platoon columns, intervals 258 

Line of platoon columns, march by the flank 268 

Line of platoon columns, to the front, from line 260 



224 INDEX. 

Pars. 

Line of platoon columns, movements same as In line of col- 
umns of threes 261 

Line of platoon columns, on right or left, from column of pla- 
toons 266 

Line of platoon columns, to the front, from column of threes. 270 
Line of platoon columns, to the front, from column of pla- 
toons 267 

Line of platoon columns, to the right or left, from column of 

Cantons 264 

Line of platoon columns, to the right or left, from column of 

platoons 265 

Line, on right or left, from columns of Cantons 217 

Line, on right or left, from column of threes 194 

Line, on right or left, from column of platoons 256 

Line, to or on right or left, from close column 241 

Line, to the front, from column of Cantons 218, 219 

Line, to the front, from column of platoons 257 

Line, to the front, from column of threes 195-197 

Line, to the front, from line of columns of threes 229 

Line, to the front, from line of platoon columns 262 

Line, to the right or left, from column of Cantons 215, 216 

Line, to the right or left, from column of platoons 253 

Line, to the right or left, from column of threes 192 

Losing step 180 

March at ease, and route step 224 

March by the flank 188, 189 

March In line 177 

March, and face to the rear 182, 183 

Mounted officers 167 

Movements by platoons 236, 253-270 

Movements in close column 248 

Movements in line of columns of threes 226 

Oblique by heads of columns 227 

Oblique change of front 223 

Oblique in line 184 

Obstacles 187 

Open ranks 174 

Platoon column, defined 258 

Ployments in close column 242-246 

Posts of field and staff 167 

Route marches 224 

Standards 164 

Simultaneous movements by Cantons, etc 162 

Successive formations, general rules 193 



